The development of approaches based on genetically modified cells is accompanied by a constant intensive search for new effective and safe delivery systems and the study of existing ones. Recently, ...we developed a new plasmonic nanoparticle layers-mediated optoporation system that can be proposed for precisely controlled, high-performance laser transfection compatible with broad types of cells and delivered objects of interest. The main goal of the present study is to demonstrate the broad possibilities and advantages of our system for optoporation of several mammalian cells, classified as "easy-to-transfect" cells, namely HeLa and CHO lines, and "hard-to-transfect" cells, namely A431 and RAW 264.7 cells. We show the efficient delivery of various sized cargo molecules: from small molecular dyes propidium iodide (PI) with molecular mass 700 Da, control plasmids (3-10 kb) to fluorophore-labeled dextranes with masses ranging from 10 kDa up to 100 kDa. The performance of optoporation was investigated for two types of laser sources, 800-nm continuous-wave laser, and 1064-nm ns pulsed laser. We provided a comparative study between our system and commercial agent Lipofectamine for transient transfection and stable transfection of HeLa cells with plasmids encoding fluorescent proteins. The quantitative data analysis using flow cytometry, Alamar blue viability assay, and direct fluorescence microscopy revealed higher optoporation efficacy for hard-to-transfect A431 cells and Raw 264.7 cells than lipofection efficacy. Finally, we demonstrated the optoporation performance at the single-cell level by successful delivering PI to the individual CHO cells with revealed high viability for at least 72 h post-irradiation.
The urgency of the problem is determined by the unfavorable ecological situation in the large industrial centers of Siberia, formed under the influence of man-made loads that determine the ...modification of the environment. This leads to changes in the properties of individual biotic components and, as a result, the quality of life of the population. An important element of the natural framework of urban ecosystems and a means to improve its urban planning qualities is the system of gardening. Currently, the existing methods of creating a system of greening the city of Krasnoyarsk and other cities of Siberia, the landscape-aesthetic principles of its formation, as well as the regulatory and technical design base do not provide the comfort of the urban environment. The basis for the development of directions and principles for the reconstruction of the greening system should be the results of environmental studies of landscape processes, the identification of the main sources of environmental stress, the study of the integrated impact of man-made stressors.
The influence of the load on the wear of slipping bearings is analyzed. A positive aspect of wear is that it permits the creation of more stable macro- and microgeometry of the frictional surfaces, ...thereby minimizing the energy losses.
The intensive process of urbanization has led to a number of environmental problems associated with a sharp deterioration in the quality of the urban environment. All this necessitates an objective ...assessment of its current state and knowledge of the mechanisms of functioning of systems in the interests of human ecological safety under the conditions of anthropogenic stress. Coniferous plants are used in urban landscaping. Under urban conditions, conifers perform the role of biological indicators, while the assimilation apparatus is a marker feature, which allows assessing the environmental conditions of urban areas. Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is used in gardening of city streets and recreation areas. At the same time, pine ordinary responds to the effects of the urbanized environment. The results of the assessment of the state of the air environment by the dendroindication method based on the morphological features of conifers showed that of the 22 surveyed objects, only 3 of the air condition are estimated to be clean in the area village, the main building of the Siberian Federal University and on Botanical Boulevard. At two sites, the state of the air environment is estimated as clean, three - relatively clean. These objects are located on the periphery of the city, one of them in the valley of the river. On the remaining objects, the state of the air environment is estimated from polluted (5 objects), dirty (6 objects) to very dirty (2 objects).
Abstract
Monitoring of landscaping objects is a system of operational control over the violation of their stability, damage by pests, damage to diseases and other natural and anthropogenic factors of ...the environment, as well as a system for tracking the dynamics of these processes, which provides early detection of the unfavorable state of plantings, assessment and forecast of the development of ecologically unfavorable situations, obtaining reliable information about undesirable changes in nature under the influence of anthropogenic impact and materials for substantiating and making timely decisions. The article presents an algorithm for the formation of the information and analytical system “Quality management of urban landscaping objects”. At the first stage in the monitoring process, the tasks of observation and data acquisition are solved, such as: substantiation of the number and location of permanent observation sites in the city plan, which should be maximally represented in all zones of the city and in all categories of green areas; thematic mapping; creation of an information model. Approbation of the formation of a passport for the planting object of these techniques is presented on the example of a park in Krasnoyarsk.
Abstract
Today, as a result of the ongoing processes that take place in production, many pollutants enter the atmosphere, which have a negative impact on the environment. The city has accumulated ...many environmental problems, and the population is not fully aware of these gaps. And also for their solution, for the optimal organization of the activities of various management structures, complex cartographic information is needed. The relevance of the topic being developed is due to the fact that landscaping and gardening is the most important area of activity of the municipal economy. The tasks of optimizing the ecological urban environment, eliminating the consequences of negative impact on the environment, planning various natural-economic and sanitary-hygienic works, as well as the accumulation, processing and provision of information through the introduction of an ecological information system are being solved. The goal is to increase the level of ecology of the city by introducing a balanced ecological system of landscaping, combining urban and suburban green spaces; in the continuity of the processes of its qualitative renewal in space and time.
Gardening of an industrial city is one of the necessary conditions for creating a comfortable environment. In a park or a public garden near a house, a person after a hard day's work can take a ...breath of fresh air and put his thoughts in order, sitting in the shadow and listening to the birds singing in the crowns of trees. Also, parks are public spaces where you can make new acquaintances or just have a good time with your family. At the moment, there are many government projects aimed at improving the environmental situation of modern industrial cities and landscaping is not the last place in the list of necessary tasks. But first it`s necessary to assess the current state of the landscaping objects - the level of anthropogenic and development pressure, the degradation degree of plantations, etc. The current research work is devoted to the integral assessment of the quality of landscaping in Krasnoyarsk by dendroindication methods. The materials presented in this paper are the results of the intermediate stage of the research - analysis of the growing conditions of the growth of woody plants in an urbanized environment.
The chemical composition of
Nigella sativa
L. (black cumin) fatty oil was studied by gas chromatography with mass-selective detection in a search for promising antioxidant agents among edible ...vegetable oils with high contents of unsaturated fatty acids. Commercial products (Egypt, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia) had fatty-acid profiles dominated by essential fatty acids and were confirmed to contain essential oils. Considering these results, the antioxidant activities of the fatty-oil samples were compared using chemiluminescence. Black cumin fatty oil was proven to be capable of suppressing generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in model systems. The antioxidant properties were most pronounced at a concentration of 5 mg/mL for a system simulating generation of reactive oxygen species and 1 mg/mL for a system simulating lipid peroxidation.
Urban landscaping objects are ecosystems, to a certain extent adapted to unfavorable man-made impacts. They have low environmental sustainability, they need constant support, their development, ...functioning and even appearance is significantly different from natural plantings. Urban plantations are affected by both natural, specific for the area, and specific technogenic factors, under the influence of which there is a change in architectonics, a decrease in viability, stability, life expectancy and even premature death of plants. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the proportions of the vertical structure of Siberian larch trees growing in natural and urban plantations that showed that under the conditions of the urban environment there are changes in the habitus of plants that are not characteristic of them at a certain calendar age under natural conditions. This allows us to judge the state, level of development and harmony of the tree and the comfort of the environment for the population's living. Plants, the proportions of which largely deviate from the "golden", are perceived less aesthetically, worsen the appearance of the surrounding space, affect emotionally depressing. Thus, the criteria for deviation from gold proportions should serve as a basis for assessing the conformity of plant species to external environmental conditions and when selecting an assortment of plants.
The flavonoids quercetin and spireoside (quercetin 4′-
O
-β-D-glucopyranoside) were isolated for the first time from fruit of meadowsweet
Filipendula ulmaria
(L.) Maxim. and identified using UV ...spectrophotometry, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and acid hydrolysis. The isolated flavonoids and the thick extract of meadowsweet fruit possessed pronounced antidepressant activity according to the Despair test.
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