Pediculosis capitis in Istanbul Aydemir, E H; Unal, G; Kutlar, M ...
International journal of dermatology
32, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Pediculosis capitis is a worldwide problem. We studied the prevalence of this infestation in Istanbul.
We reviewed the records of the Dermatology Clinic of Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical ...Faculty from a 20-year period (1970-1989).
The number of cases of pediculosis capitis have gradually increased over this period, with a peak in 1981. Women are more involved than men. There has been a significant increase in cases in children of school and pre-school ages.
Many factors may have contributed to this increase: poor hygiene and socioeconomic conditions, lack of medical training, and probably some resistance to pediculicide preparations in the lice. The stigma attached to the disease may prevent people from coming forward.
Other than having the feature of being a literary genre, the speech forms the basis of language, culture and education policies since it has the nature of the declaration and advice of the state ...administrator. Speeches can be considered as constituent language teaching policy texts in terms of their purpose and content while functioning as the construction and preservation of the state tradition. As a matter of fact, the speeches can be viewed from the context of self-presentation to the community represented by the state administrator, and in one respect they contain suggestions for the interlocutor. In the speeches of Turkish cultural history, this interlocutor is not any community or citizen, but directly the Turkish nation. Speeches addressing the Turkish nation also contain codes of strategic importance for nation-based state structuring. Among the specified codes, the codes for Turkish education are also important. In the study, while the function of speech type in the context of language policy was determined in the context of linguistics and educational science, the importance and function of speeches for Turkish education in the history of Turkish education were tried to be determined by linguistic methods. Key Words: Turkish education, speech, linguistics, language policy.
Background Direct electrical current (d.c.) administration based on tap water iontophoresis has been used as a therapeutic option for palmoplantar hyperhidrosis. The placebo effect of this technique ...has not been investigated adequately.
Aim To investigate whether d.c. administration has a possible placebo effect in the treatment of palmoplantar hyperhidrosis.
Methods As a placebo, low alternating electrical current (a.c.; 9–12 mA, 10–15 V, and 8–10 Hz) was applied to the palms of 15 patients with idiopathic palmoplantar hyperhidrosis. The placebo effect was evaluated by inspection and sweat intensity measurements performed before and after placebo application. Patients then received d.c. treatment (18–22 mA, 40–60 V) according to the same procedure as applied for placebo. The final sweat intensity measurements of the patients were performed 1 week after the last session of d.c. treatment. Sweat intensities measured before and after placebo and at the end of d.c. treatment were analyzed statistically by paired t‐test.
Results The initial sweat intensity measurements of the palms, before placebo application, were 3.12 ± 0.39 g/h on the right side and 3.17 ± 0.28 g/h on the left side. The second sweat intensity measurements, 1 week after the last session of placebo, were 3.08 ± 0.46 g/h on the right side and 3.16 ± 0.21 g/h on the left side. There were no significant differences between the initial and second sets of sweat intensity measurements of the hands (P > 0.05 for both sides). The final sweat intensity measurements, 1 week after the last session of d.c. treatment, were 0.38 ± 0.06 g/h on the right side and 0.39 ± 0.07 g/h on the left side.
Conclusions Statistical evaluation of sweat intensity measurements and inspections revealed that d.c. administration had no placebo effect in the treatment of palmoplantar hyperhidrosis.
The effects of a high-cholesterol diet in the presence and absence of defibrotide, a single-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotide compound, on the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, endogenous ...antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and the antioxidant thiol compound GSH were investigated. Forty male New Zeland white rabbits were divided into four groups each consisting of 10 rabbits. Group I received a regular rabbit chow diet and group II 1% cholesterol plus regular chow, group III was given defibrotide (60 mg/kg per day p.o. in water) and was fed with regular chow, and group IV received defibrotide plus 1% cholesterol for 9 weeks. Blood cholesterol and malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and GSH were determined before starting the experimental diet regimen (basal). After 9 weeks, the same parameters were determined in blood, aorta, and brain tissues (end -experiment). Aortic tissue was examined under a light microscope for morphological alterations indicative of atherosclerosis. The increase in serum total cholesterol was greater in group II than group IV. Plasma malondialdehyde in group II was higher than in group III. Brain malondialdehyde in group II was higher than all other groups, and aortic malondialdehyde in this group was higher than group I and III. Serum catalase activity decreased in group II and increased in group III, compared with basal values. Brain catalase activity in group I was higher than group II, and aorta catalase in group IV was higher than in group I and III. Blood glutathione peroxidase activity in group III and IV was higher than basal. GSH concentrations decreased significantly in the cholesterol-fed groups (group II and IV). Histological alterations in the cholesterol-fed groups were more pronounced in group II. The increased levels of malondialdehyde in plasma, aorta, and brain tissue of group II suggest a role of oxygen free radicals in the pathogenesis of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. The higher malondialdehyde values in the brain tissues of animals in group II compared with group IV suggest a protective role of defibrotide in the brain against lipid peroxidation in the oxidant stress of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. Increased catalase activities in the blood and aortic tissues and increased glutathione peroxidase activities in the blood of rabbits receiving defibrotide suggest an induction of these antioxidant enzyme activities by defibrotide. These results imply that anti-atherosclerotic, anti-ischemic effects of this drug may be due to the beneficial effects on the oxidant-antioxidant balance of various tissues.
In the title compound, C17H13ClN4O2, the dihedral angle between the benzene and quinoline ring systems is 20.95 (4)°. C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, as well as π–π stacking interactions, are ...observed in the crystal structure.
The title compound, C17H13BrN4O2, is non‐planar, with a dihedral angle between the quinoline and substituted phenyl rings of 20.8 (1)°. The N—N bond distance 1.359 (3) Å is close to the value of ...1.350 (10) Å quoted for the N—N bond in pyridazinium Allen et al. (1987). J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, pp. S1–19.
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