The traditional houses of the residential areas in and around Siirt in the southeastern region of Turkey are notable because of their interesting forms. The most successful examples are the ...＂truncated pyramidal-shaped houses＂ that have existed for centuries and are unique to the locality; however, these forms are demolished rapidly. In this study, the structures of small- scale settlements in Siirt province and its environs have been evaluated to highlight the cultural aspects of the region. The subject of this research is to investigate the design principles of the rural houses constructed in vernacular style to raise international awareness of the need to preserve vernacular architecture. Surviving examples have been examined in terms of multiple case approach by their forms, spatial compositions, changes in their forms over time, their layouts in urban and rural areas, the construction techniques used to produce them from material production through implementation, the composition of the living space and its uses, their differences or similarities to other houses in the region and their aesthetic details. The research reveals that the design principles of traditional rural architecture offer the use of local material and techniques in a unique way that promote highlights to the future.
Gated communities (GCs) – that is, residential areas with restricted access – have recently become widespread around the world. This study focuses on two GCs in Diyarbakir, one of the largest cities ...of southeast Turkey. The purpose of the study was to determine the satisfaction levels and preferences of residents of these communities. The findings, which revealed high resident satisfaction levels, show that residents chose to live in these communities mainly because of safety and prestige. The results of the study also indicate that long-term residents of GCs have a fear of living outside this kind of arrangement, which is reflected in a fear of moving.
Global environmental problems are one of the most critical problems of humankind. Increasing energy consumption and CO2 emissions are among the most important causes of global environmental problems. ...The existing building sector is vital in increasing energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Buildings are responsible for 30% of greenhouse gas emissions and about 40% of energy consumption. Energy used for heating and cooling is one of the most important causes of energy consumption in the building sector. Reducing the energy used for heating and cooling is possible with sustainable building design. One of the most essential criteria of sustainable building design is using passive air conditioning strategies. Traditional architecture is a crucial guide for using passive air conditioning elements. This paper presents an architectural taxonomic proposal for passive cooling strategies used in traditional architecture in hot and dry climate areas of the globe. The aim is to facilitate and simplify access to all cooling strategies and provide a guide for their adaptation to modern architecture. A total of 55 passive cooling strategies were identified in the research. Within the taxonomic proposal's scope, the strategy was first divided into four groups: settlement scale, building scale, space scale, and building environment scale, depending on the usage criteria. Then, this grouping was split into 16 subgroups. A taxonomic proposal was created by considering the intended use of the identified strategies. The findings indicate that although traditional architecture in hot and dry climates primarily focuses on heat protection and heat dissipation is also highly utilized. It has been determined that thermal insulation, shading and natural ventilation cooling strategies come to the fore. In addition, it has been determined that approximately 50% of the strategies used for cooling purposes are related to thermal insulation, shading, and natural ventilation. The taxonomic proposal guides modern adaptations in the built environment by combining traditional passive design strategies and simplifying their use. It can also be adapted to different climates and contribute to creating new modern building design guidelines.
Antik dönemlerden günümüze sıcak iklimin baskın olduğu coğrafyalarda üretilen yapılı çevrelerdeki avlular, çevrelerindeki kapalı yaşam alanları için doğal havalandırma ve aydınlatma sağlayan anlamlı ...boşluklar, doğanın iç mekâna taşındığı manzara ve iklimsel konforu artıran özel mekânlardır. Özellikle sıcak ve kurak bir iklime sahip olan Türkiye’nin güneydoğusundaki tarihi yaşam alanları, avlunun odağında yer aldığı mekânsal örgütlenmelerle doludur. Ancak bu mekânsal örgütlenmeleri bünyesinde barındıran kamu binalarının sayısı günümüzde oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu amaçla, mimari projesi ödül alan ve avlulu bir mekân örgütlenmesine sahip bir kamu binası olan Diyarbakır’daki Yenişehir Belediyesi Hizmet Binası, avlusu özelinde incelenmeye değer bulunmuştur. Temel amaç olarak bu çalışma, günümüz kullanıcılarının avlulu mekân örgütlenmelerine ve özellikle avluya yönelik algılarının belirlenmesine odaklanmaktadır. Veriler 57 kullanıcıya uygulanan anket uygulaması ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada kamusal özellikler taşıyan avlunun, kullanımları bakımından kullanıcılarında pozitif bir izlenim yarattığı belirlenmiştir. Avlunun özellikle sıcak iklimlerde gelecek bina tasarımlarında bir katalizör görevi üstlenebilecek güçlü bir potansiyele sahip olduğu, kullanıcı değerlendirmeleri ile ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Windcatchers, building components that were first introduced by Antique Persian and Egyptian civilizations to provide spatial ventilation and cooling, can still be observed in the historical cities ...of the Middle East including Şanlıurfa, a city in the Southeastern region of Turkey. In the traditional houses of Şanlıurfa, it is still possible to see few intact examples of windcatchers, or Badgels, as the locals call it. In these examples, the iwans (hall or space, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open) are generally connected to the air channels of the windcatchers. The present study aims to examine one of these traditional houses with two windcatchers. These windcatchers facing the north and the west, which ventilate the summer iwan of the traditional house in Şanlıurfa, are among the rare examples that survived without losing their authenticity. The purpose of the study is to examine the thermal effects of the windcatchers on the comfort conditions of the iwan. According to the rates of humidity and temperature measurements taken in June, July, and August 2017, windcatchers make a limited contribution to the thermal performance of the iwan when the air temperature at the air outlet is lower than the air temperature of the iwan. One of the windcatchers blows cool air into the iwan from night to noon, the other from the early morning to noon. In addition, the air cooling capacities of the scoops of the windcatchers were found to be higher. This has shown that the scoop forms of windcatchers are suitable to catch the wind. The fact that the air inlets were narrower than the air ducts contributed to the cooling effect. These thermal differences can also be attributed to the high heat storage ability of traditional building materials of the building that cools at night.
•Turkey is one of the countries that host traditional windcatchers.•These building components are used to cool or ventilate the summer iwans of traditional houses.•Windcatchers have limited cooling and ventilation effect on the thermal performance of an iwan space in a traditional house.•These building components exhibit sustainable features that can be used in today's new living spaces.
Traditional living spaces contain climatic and cultural elements that may be used in the design of future living spaces. The sustainable characteristics that have been developed by trial and error ...for hundreds of years can be reinterpreted in contemporary architecture according to modern conditions. In this study, user satisfaction levels have been examined in the new living spaces in Sanliurfa, a city located in southeastern Turkey. The design of the mass housing settlement examined within the scope of this study was inspired by traditional living spaces. It has been shown that, contrary to expectations, the similarities between the modern and traditional living spaces are not always accepted by today's users. In this study, users reflected that they would be more satisfied if there were some changes in the design of their houses terms of spatial organization. They also raised some concerns about the setting and characteristics of the settlement.
Ograjene skupnosti oziroma stanovanjske soseske z omejenim dostopom so po svetu vse bolj razširjene. Raziskava se osredotoča na ograjeni skupnosti v Dijarbakirju, enem od največjih mest na jugovzhodu ...Turčije. V njej avtorja preučujeta stopnjo zadovoljstva in preference prebivalcev teh skupnosti. Ugotovitve kažejo visoko stopnjo zadovoljstva med stanovalci in razkrivajo, da se ljudje za življenje v teh skupnostih v glavnem odločajo zaradi varnosti in prestiža. Rezultati poleg tega kažejo, da se dolgoletni prebivalci OS bojijo živeti zunaj tovrstnih sosesk, kar se izraža v strahu pred selitvijo.
Ograjene skupnosti oziroma stanovanjske soseske z omejenim dostopom so po svetu vse bolj razširjene. Raziskava se osredotoča na ograjeni skupnosti v Dijarbakirju, enem od največjih mest na jugovzhodu ...Turčije. V njej avtorja preučujeta stopnjo zadovoljstva in preference prebivalcev teh skupnosti. Ugotovitve kažejo visoko stopnjo zadovoljstva med stanovalci in razkrivajo, da se ljudje za življenje v teh skupnostih v glavnem odločajo zaradi varnosti in prestiža. Rezultati poleg tega kažejo, da se dolgoletni prebivalci OS bojijo živeti zunaj tovrstnih sosesk, kar se izraža v strahu pred selitvijo.
PDF
