Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is the most common laryngeal tumor. During childhood, it may present in extremely severe forms defined by the need for frequent surgical procedures to ...relieve respiratory distress and/or involvement of extralaryngeal sites such as lung involvement. Adjuvant therapies are indicated in these cases and interferon is one of the options. Pegylated interferon is more effective than conventional alpha interferon and, given its reported results in relation to treating hepatitis C over the past decade, we hypothesized that this might be more effective than conventional interferon also for treating respiratory papillomatosis. Use of a treatment strategy that eliminates the need for general anesthesia is particularly appealing, yet obtaining approval for use of medications that are not currently used for this purpose is challenging.
We report the case of a child with severe RRP that had been followed for the preceding six years, who was treated with pegylated interferon after failure of other adjuvant therapies. There was noticeable improvement in the frequency of surgical procedures, which was regarded very receptively, considering the child's history and previous response to other therapies.
Pegylated interferon may be a good option for diminishing the need for surgical intervention in severe cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
The main objective of the study was to analyze the effect of age, period and birth cohort on esophageal cancer mortality in Brazil and its geographic regions, per sex. An ecological study is ...presented herein, which evaluated the deaths by esophageal cancer and the distribution, per geographic region. Poisson Regression was utilized to calculate the effects of age, period and birth cohort, and projections were made with the statistical software R, using the age-period-cohort model. Projection of data covered the period 2015-2029. Regarding the geographic regions of Brazil, a decrease was verified, throughout time, for the mortality rates of the South and Southeast regions, for men and women. For the North, Northeast and Midwest regions, an increase was evidenced in mortality rates, mainly for men, after the 2000's. Regarding the projections, a progressive increase of mortality rates was verified for the Northeast and North regions. Divergences evidenced for observed and projected esophageal cancer mortality rates revealed inequalities among the geographic regions of Brazil.
For the authors, the way from a modern to a post-modern psychology requires dialectical thinking. Dialectical thinking recognizes the importance of contradiction, change, and synthesis; it also ...includes recognition of the value as well as limits of modern epistemological approaches. The article describes foundations for both ongoing efforts to understand and research the ontogeny of dialectical thinking and for appreciating the scope of dialectical thinking and its relevance for establishing a bridge from modern to post-modern psychology.
Detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis is essential for the control of the disease but it is often hampered by the limitation of transport and storage of samples from remote locations to the ...reference laboratory. We performed a retrospective field study to evaluate the performance of four supports enabling the transport and storage of samples to be used for molecular detection of drug resistance using the GenoType MTBDRplus.
Two hundred Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were selected and spotted on slides, FTA cards, GenoCards, and in ethanol. GenoType MTBDRplus was subsequently performed with the DNA extracted from these supports. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared to the results obtained by drug susceptibility testing.
For all supports, the overall sensitivity and specificity for detection of resistance to RIF was between 95% and 100%, and for INH between 95% and 98%.
The four transport and storage supports showed a good sensitivity and specificity for the detection of resistance to RIF and INH in M. tuberculosis strains using the GenoType MTBDRplus. These supports can be maintained at room temperature and could represent an important alternative cost-effective method useful for rapid molecular detection of drug-resistant TB in low-resource settings.
Este texto presenta aspectos para reflexionar sobre la importancia política del retrato de representantes del poder monárquico en el contexto colonial brasileño. La pintura religiosa en el Brasil ...colonial prevaleció en detrimento de otros géneros pictóricos como el retrato. En este texto se analizará el retrato alegórico de D. María I, utilizado como parte de la arquitectura efímera para la ceremonia ocurrida en 1792, en Río de Janeiro, cuando se celebró la derrota de la conjura Inconfidencia Mineira.
This paper presents some aspects to reflect on the political importance of the portrait of the
monarchical power in the Brazilian colonial context. As known, the religious painting in colonial Brazil
...prevailed over other pictorial genres such as portrait. This text deals with the presence of an
allegorical portrait of Queen Maria I, used as part of the ephemeral frame for the ceremony that took
place in 1792 at Rio de Janeiro, to celebrate the defeat of Minas Conspiracy from 1789.
Este texto presenta aspectos para reflexionar sobre la importancia política del retrato de representantes del poder monárquico en el contexto colonial brasileño. La pintura religiosa en el Brasil colonial prevaleció en detrimento de otros géneros pictóricos como el retrato. En este texto se analizará el retrato alegórico de D. María I, utilizado como parte de la arquitectura efímera para la ceremonia ocurrida en 1792, en Río de Janeiro, cuando se celebró la derrota de la conjura Inconfidência Mineira.
A survey of nasopharyngeal carriage of penicillin nonsusceptible pneumococcal (PNSp) isolates was conducted among 1192 children attending 62 day care centers in Brazil, where pneumococcal vaccination ...has not been routinely introduced. Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage was detected in 686 (57.6%) infants, and 178 (25.9%) of them carried PNSp isolates. Being less than 24 months of age, hospitalization in the previous 3 months, and recurrent acute otitis media were independently associated with PNSp. Serotypes 14, 23F, 19A, 6A, 6B and 19F were the most common serotype isolated accounting for 80% of the PNSp. A high proportion (35/332) of non-(sero)typeable isolates was detected, 62.9% of them PNSp. Serotypes coverage projected for the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 13-valent vaccine (72%) was significantly higher compared with PCV7 (58.4%) and PCV 10-valent vaccine (59.3%).
Abstract
This article presents a novel approach to the study of primate personality and illustrates it with a study of capuchin monkeys. While most personality studies with capuchin monkeys have used ...rating questionnaires, the research method of this study relies instead on direct behaviour observations. In an effort to capitalize on the full richness of behavioural observation data, we used both statistical and non-statistical methods to analyse data from behavioural observations of a group of capuchin monkeys in captivity. Interest in capuchin monkeys as a species has increased due to their cognitive capacities, behavioural flexibility and complex social structure, as well as many similarities with great apes in dimensions of personality. In this study we focus in three aspects of personality: diversity, flexibility and complexity. Our results provide a detailed picture of these aspects of capuchins’ personality, including the degree of “predictability” and “unusualness” of individual capuchins’ behaviour.
Highlights • We tested three different pneumococcal vaccine schedules to HIV-infected adults. • Single dose of PP23V and single dose of PC7V were compared to PC7V followed to PP23V. • The ...immunogenicity to 6B and 9V serotypes was inferior to single dose of PP23V. • PP23V after PC7V did not enhanced immunogenicity to tested serotypes. • The three proposed schedules were safe to HIV-infected adults.
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