The ecological transition of the extreme energy events experiment Abbrescia, M.; Avanzini, C.; Baldini, L. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2023, Letnik:
1055
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The need for reducing the emission of gases, potentially contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change, has impacted many fields, including scientific research. The Extreme Energy Event ...(EEE) collaboration started, already several years ago, a series of tests aiming at finding a more eco-friendly replacement for the gases used in the Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) of its network.
These tests identified a promising binary gas mixture, and data taking has begun with a subset of the telescopes of the EEE network, making EEE the first experiment in the world completely implemented with MRPCs and operating with an eco-friendly gas mixture. Here the results of the tests and a preliminary comparison of the telescope performance measured with the standard (non eco-friendly) and the new eco-friendly gas mixtures are presented and discussed.
Studies on new Eco-gas mixtures for Extreme Energy Events Project Bossini, E.; Abbrescia, M.; Avanzini, C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
01/2023, Letnik:
1046
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment, a joint project of the Centro Fermi and INFN Italian national research institutes, has a dual purpose: a scientific research program for measurements of ...the cosmic rays flux at ground level and an intense outreach and educational program with an active contribution of students and teachers in the construction and operation of the detectors in High Schools. The network counts 60 tracking detectors, each made by three Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC), operated so far with a gas mixture composed by 98% C2H2F4 and 2% SF6. Given its high Global Warming Potential (GWP), the collaboration, since few years, started a R&D on alternative mixtures environmentally sustainable. Latest results on a C3H2F4 + He eco-friendly mixture are here presented.
The new trigger/GPS module for the EEE project Panetta, M.P.; Abbrescia, M.; Avanzini, C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
08/2019, Letnik:
936
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Extreme Energy Events Project is an experiment devoted to the study of the Extensive Atmospheric Showers (EAS) which consists of a network of Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) muon ...telescopes distributed over a very large area ∼3times105km2. It requires a precise time synchronization to correlate the information collected from each single detector. The data acquisition system of each telescope is equipped with a trigger unit and a GPS receiver to perform precision timing of events. The Global Positioning System (GPS) unit provides the one pulse per second signal (1PPS) which is used to create a timestamp in UTC time. A novel VME trigger unit for the EEE telescopes was developed, including an embedded GPS engine for timing application. The trigger/GPS unit is presented, including some preliminary measurements of its time resolution.
•The VME trigger unit includes an engine GPS to create the timestamp in UTC time.•The absolute time of an event is built by adding both the TDCs and the GPS data.•GPS unit provides the one pulse per second signal (1PPS) to synchronize the TDCs.•The time resolution measured for the 1PPS is less then ∼5 ns.
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A search for long distance correlations between individual Extensive Air Showers (EAS) detected by pairs of MRPC telescopes of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) network was carried out. The search ...for an anomaly in these events is the purpose of our work. A dataset obtained by all the possible 45 pairs between 10 EEE cluster sites (hosting at least two telescopes), located at relative distances between 86 and 1200km, was analyzed, corresponding to an overall period of 3968 days time exposure. To estimate the possible event excess with respect to the spurious rate, the number of coincidence events was extracted as a function of the time difference between the arrival of the showers in the two sites, from
±
10
s to the smallest time interval where events are still observed. The analysis was done taking into account both the time and orientation correlation between the showers detected by the telescope pairs. A few candidate events with unusually small time difference and angular distance were observed, with a p-value sensibly smaller than a confidence level of 0.05.
The new Trigger/GPS module for the extreme energy events project Abbrescia, M.; Avanzini, C.; Baek, Y. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2019, Letnik:
942
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Extreme Energy Event (EEE) project is an experiment devoted to the study of high energy Extensive Air Showers (EAS) over a very large area, using an array of muon telescopes. At present the array ...is composed of more than 50 stations, most of them distributed across the Italian territory, on a total area of around 3×105km2. The telescopes are based on position-sensitive Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) whose readout strips are connected to two TDC (Time-to-Digital Converter) units. Here a novel VME trigger unit for the EEE telescopes is presented, which also includes an embedded GPS receiver for precision timing applications. This new unit gets together, in the same electronic board, the functionalities of different parts of the electronics used up to now in the EEE experiment, and adds new ones, making the whole readout system simpler, more flexible and robust. Details about the trigger/GPS unit, including some measurements of its time resolution, are reported here.
The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project is devoted to the detection and study of high-energy cosmic rays. It is a network of 53 muon tracking telescopes made of three Multigap Resistive Plate ...Chambers (MRPC), synchronized by GPS and installed inside high schools distributed on the Italian territory. The EEE Project foresees also the direct involvement of students and teachers in the experiment, from the construction of the detectors to the maintenance, data taking and data analysis. The schools are unconventional experimental sites and a unique test field to check the performance of the MRPC technology. Data from recent coordinated data taking periods have been used to measure the performances and the results of this study are here reported.
The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) ‘telescope’ is made by 3 Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC), each with an active area of 158x82 cm2 in size. Each detector is part of a large network of about ...sixty telescopes spread over the Italian territory. Due to the good tracking capabilities (100 ps time resolution and cm2 spatial resolution) the EEE telescope can be used also as test station for large area detectors. The link between the EEE track and signals from the detector under test can be obtained by implementing a streaming DAQ with a common time reference between the two systems given by the GPS signal. The installation and first results of the cosmic muon test facility with the EEE MRPC telescope based on the low-cost, streaming-compatible 12 channels, 250MHz, 14 bits digitizer (INFN-WaveBoard or WB) developed by the JLAB12 Collaboration, is presented.
The existence of time correlations in detectors separated by distances much larger than the size of the highest energy extensive air showers (EAS) has been long discussed over the years. Several ...mechanisms have been proposed to justify the existence of such events and, in the last decade, some experiments have also tried to search for correlations on a large scale distance, beyond one hundred kilometers. The approaches were based on the construction of clusters of detectors placed at large relative distances, with the capability of selecting extensive air showers.
Within this context, the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment can provide new inputs in the search for long distance correlations, thanks to its sparse array of muon telescopes spanning all the Italian territory.
The EEE telescopes are taking data since more than 10 years and enough statistics has been already accumulated to be able to search for such events, whose observation is intrinsically difficult due to the very low rates expected, many order of magnitudes smaller than the overall cosmic ray flux. In order to reduce the accidental correlations, different analysis approaches have been investigated for the selection of EAS events with the EEE telescopes. In this paper we will present preliminary results obtained by analyzing a large fraction of the statistics currently available.
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