Oral health is crucial for the overall well-being and quality of life, and nurses play a significant role in promoting it. This study assessed the oral health knowledge of fourth-grade nursing degree ...students. Seventy-two students completed a questionnaire covering sociodemographic variables, oral health-related factors, knowledge about oral health, and perceptions of its importance and learning experiences. The results showed that 83.3% of students attended regular dental check-ups for preventive purposes, and 55.6% had visited a dentist during the last year. Most of the students reported experiencing cavities (66.7%) and undergoing orthodontic treatment (54.2%). The average knowledge score in oral health was 6.4 out of 10, and students recognized the importance of oral health in the nursing role. However, their knowledge acquired during their nursing degree scored relatively low, being 2.5 out of 5. Notably, students who valued problem-based learning achieved higher knowledge scores (p < 0.05). Overall, fourth-grade nursing students demonstrated a moderate level of oral health knowledge. Improving oral health education within nursing curricula, particularly through problem-based learning, is essential to enhance their preparedness in addressing oral health issues effectively. This study was not registered.
Introduction: Study about communication problems taking into account issues related to the institution and to patients’ language and culture. The expression of symptoms related to non-organic issues ...will be studied from a linguistic point of view as it generates misunderstandings that may go unnoticed by professionals. Objectives: The main objective is to analyse the communication barriers with immigrant patients of Amazigh origin. Specific objectives: analyse the available resources and the training in relation to the care immigrant patients receive; detailing strictly linguistic difficulties. Methodology: Qualitative. Descriptive. Setting: Hospitals and primary health care centers in Girona and Barcelona areas have been chosen at random. Participants: 32 informants: 13 doctors, 9 nurses, 4 intercultural mediators and 6 social workers. Process followed: A survey and a partially structured interview. For the analysis of the conversations and the interpretation of their content Atlas.ti 6.0 software was employed. Results: The healthcare professionals detected an unequal distribution and a lack of resources and time. Possible communication difficulties go undetected in the majority of cases. Conclusions: Some linguistic aspects may make the communication between healthcare professionals and patients speaking different L1 difficult. More resources and training coming from healthcare institutions would help solve this problem.
Purpose
To compare skills acquired by undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a medical‐surgical course. To compare skills demonstrated by students with no previous clinical practice ...(undergraduates) and nurses with clinical experience enrolled in continuing professional education (CPE).
Design
In a nonrandomized clinical trial, 101 undergraduates enrolled in the “Adult Patients 1” course were assigned to the traditional lecture and discussion (n = 66) or lecture and discussion plus case‐based learning (n = 35) arm of the study; 59 CPE nurses constituted a comparison group to assess the effects of previous clinical experience on learning outcomes.
Methods
Scores on an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), using a human patient simulator and cases validated by the National League for Nursing, were compared for the undergraduate control and intervention groups, and for CPE nurses (Student's t test).
Findings
Controls scored lower than the intervention group on patient assessment (6.3 ± 2.3 vs 7.5 ± 1.4, p = .04, mean difference, ‐1.2 95% confidence interval (CI) ‐2.4 to ‐0.03) but the intervention group did not differ from CPE nurses (7.5 ± 1.4 vs 8.8 ± 1.5, p = .06, mean difference, ‐1.3 95% CI ‐2.6 to 0.04). The CPE nurses committed more “rules‐based errors” than did undergraduates, specifically patient identifications (77.2% vs 55%, p = .7) and checking allergies before administering medication (68.2% vs 60%, p = .1).
Conclusions
The intervention group developed better patient assessment skills than the control group. Case‐based learning helps to standardize the process, which can contribute to quality and consistency in practice: It is essential to correctly identify a problem in order to treat it. Clinical experience of CPE nurses was not associated with better adherence to safety protocols.
Clinical Relevance
Case‐based learning improves the patient assessment skills of undergraduate nursing students, thereby preparing them for clinical practice.
Prostate cancer (PCa) was the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among men in 2020. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in the incidence, mortality and ...survival of PCa in Girona, Spain, over 25 years.
Population-based study of PCa collected in the Girona Cancer Registry, 1994-2018. Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 men-year. Joinpoint regression models were used for trends, calculating the annual percentage changes (APC). Observed and net survival were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Pohar-Perme estimations, respectively.
A total of 9,846 cases of PCa were registered between 1994-2018. The age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were 154.7 (95%CI: 151.7 157.8) and 38.9 (95%CI: 37.3 -40.6), respectively. An increased incidence of 6.2% was observed from 1994 to 2003 (95%CI: 4.4 -8.1), and a decrease of -2.7% (95%CI: -3.5 -;-1.9) between 2003 and 2018. Mortality APC was -2.6% (95%CI: -3.3 --2.0). Five-year observed and net survival were 72.8% (95%CI: 71.8 - 73.7) and 87.2% (95%CI: 85.9 - 88.4), respectively. Five-year net survival increased over time from 72.9% (1994-1998) to 91.3% (2014-2018).
The analyses show a clear reduction in PCa incidence rates from 2003 on, along with an increase in overall survival when comparing the earlier period with more recent years.
ABSTRACT Background: The Forum of Public Health University Teachers aims to update the Public Health training in the degree studies. The aim was to determine the competences and basic contents of ...Public Health of Nursing Degree in Spain according to the criterion of the university academic staff. Methods: Qualitative study, based on the nominal group technique. The snowball sampling was used to recruit Public Health professors of the Nursing degree, with full time dedication and preferably of the area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Finally, 17 professors from 11 public universities participated, who formed the Forum of University Professors of Public Health of the Nursing Degree, which was held at the University of Barcelona. Results: Nursing professors selected 43 of the 80 competences which are recognized for Public Health professionals. The majority corresponded to the functions ‘Assessing population health needs’ and ‘Developing health policies’. Professors also got to agree about 47 issues organized in 7 blocks, with contents on introduction of Public Health, demography, health determinants, epidemiology of communicable and non-communicable diseases, health systems and health management, and health promotion and education for health. Conclusions: The university teachers agreed on Public Health competencies and contents suitable for the Nursing Degree. This consensus constitutes a reference to elaborate educational guides of Public Health for Nursing Degree.
RESUMEN Fundamentos: El Foro de Profesorado Universitario de Salud Pública pretende actualizar la formación de Salud Pública en los estudios de grado. El objetivo fue determinar las competencias y contenidos básicos de Salud Pública del Grado de Enfermería en España según el criterio del profesorado universitario. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, basado en la técnica de grupo nominal. Se consultaron las guías docentes de las asignaturas de Salud Pública y se empleó la técnica bola de nieve para reclutar a profesorado de Salud Pública del Grado de Enfermería, con dedicación a tiempo completo y preferentemente del área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Participaron 17 docentes de 11 universidades públicas, que constituyeron el Foro de Profesorado Universitario de Salud Pública del Grado de Enfermería, celebrado en la Universitat de Barcelona en enero de 2017. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 43 de las 80 competencias profesionales reconocidas para el ámbito de la Salud Pública. La mayoría, se correspondieron con las funciones de ‘Valorar las necesidades de salud de la población’ y ‘Desarrollar las políticas de salud’. También se consensuaron 47 unidades temáticas organizadas en 7 bloques, con contenidos sobre introducción a la salud pública, demografía, determinantes de salud, epidemiología de enfermedades trasmisibles y no trasmisibles, sistemas sanitarios y gestión, y promoción y educación para la salud. Conclusiones: El profesorado universitario consensuó competencias y contenidos de Salud Pública adecuados para el Grado de Enfermería. Dicho consenso constituye una referencia para elaborar guías docentes de Salud Pública en el Grado de Enfermería.
Introducción: Estudio sobre problemas de comunicación asistencial teniendo en cuenta la institución y la lengua y cultura de los pacientes. Se estudiará la expresión de síntomas relacionados con ...cuestiones no orgánicas desde el punto de vista lingüístico, y que genera malentendidos que suelen pasar desapercibidos por los profesionales. Objetivos: El objetivo principal es analizar barreras de comunicación con pacientes de origen amazig. Los objetivos específicos son analizar recursos disponibles y formación relacionada con la atención a pacientes inmigrantes y describir dificultades de comunicación. Metodología: Cualitativa descriptiva. Realizado en los centros de atención primaria y hospitales de las comarcas de Girona y Barcelona escogidos al azar. Participantes: 32 informantes (13 médicos, 9 enfermeros, 4 mediadores y 6 trabajadores sociales). Se utilizó un cuestionario y una entrevista semiestructurada. El análisis de los discursos e interpretación de los contenidos se realizó con el soporte Atlas.ti 6.0. Resultados: Los profesionales refieren una distribución desigual de los pacientes inmigrantes y carencia de recursos y de tiempo. Las dificultades de comunicación son no son detectadas en la mayoría de los casos. Conclusiones: Algunas cuestiones lingüísticas pueden dificultar la comunicación. Más recursos y formación proporcionada por la institución podrían ayudar a solventar este problema.
Prevention and health promotion activities are key to reducing prevalence and halting the progress of many chronic diseases. Standardised patient simulation is a useful option for training nursing ...students in this area.
To evaluate skills related to prevention and health promotion activities acquired by third-year nursing students through standardised patient simulation and electronic health records.
A descriptive, cross-sectional study.
A nursing faculty at a public university.
The study population consisted of all third-year nursing students in the academic year 2017–2018 (N = 142).
The students attended three seminars on health promotion and prevention activities in adults, involving standardised patient simulation and electronic health record use. Skill acquisition was then evaluated through clinical case simulation in a fourth seminar.
A total of 137 (96.5%) students participated in the study. The mean score for all cases evaluated was 6.76 (standard deviation 1.85) out of 10. The most frequent activities were greeting and self-introduction, checking vaccination status, assessing physical exercise and eating habits, and calculating body mass index. The least frequent activities were questions about high-risk sexual behaviour, drug use, bowel cancer screening and sun protection recommendations. When writing the nursing report, students found it hardest to plan future patient interventions. Also, 108 students made notes to set reminders of case-related activities.
Third-year nursing students acquire good skills in health promotion and prevention activities. Some activities requiring a greater degree of confidence with the patient need to be reinforced, such as investigating high-risk sexual behaviour and drug use. Reinforcement is also needed in activities that are encountered less often in clinical practice, such as sun protection recommendations and bowel cancer screening. The use of electronic health records in conjunction with simulation enhances self-study.
Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) can help mentors, clinical lecturers, and academic lecturers assess students with borderline performance.
Cohort study in 120 fourth-year Nursing ...students (Bachelor’s degree). OSCE stations, designed to evaluate cumulative content and skills, were assessed jointly by academic and clinical lecturers. Scores were compared with other summative assessments.
Mean OSCE score was 5.6 ± 1.2 (10-point scale); 7.5% failed. Final clinical practice score 8.4 ± 0.6, no students failed; content knowledge, 7.7 ± 0.5, 12.3% failed. OSCE and practicum scores were strongly correlated in students who failed OSCE (r = 0.68).
OSCE appropriately identified risk of poor performance in clinical practice.
•Failing objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scores were well correlated with low clinical assessments by mentors.•Joint academic and clinical OSCE evaluation identified students “failing to fail.”•OSCE helped academic lecturers to coach clinical lecturers and value mentors more.•OSCE requires evidence-based instead of “usual practice” explanations for scores.
RESUMEN Introducción: La hipertrigliceridemia es una forma de dislipidemia frecuentemente asociada con enfermedad ateroesclerótica. La obesidad se encuentra entre los factores de riesgo implicados en ...la aceleración del proceso ateroesclerótico. El desorden fisiopatológico provocado por el tejido adiposo disfuncionante es causa de afectaciones cardiovasculares, endocrinometabólicas y neoplásicas. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre la presencia de hipertrigliceridemia con la circunferencia de la cintura en adultos mayores, a partir de la evaluación del índice de masa corporal, cintura-cadera y la presencia de hipertrigliceridemia, según la edad y el sexo. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado entre 2015-2017, con una muestra de 386 adultos de ambos sexos. La recogida de datos se realizó según el modelo de recolección del dato primario del Centro de Investigación y Referencias de Aterosclerosis de La Habana. El análisis de los datos se realizó con el programa SPSS v16- y las técnicas de Chi-Square. Resultados: La edad media de la muestra fue de 55,5 años y el 70,6 % eran mujeres. El 57 % presentaba hipertrigliceridemia y el 63,4 % un índice de masa corporal aumentado, un 37,8 % de personas con sobrepeso y un 26,5 % con obesidad. El índice de masa corporal fue superior en mujeres perimenopáusicas, en las que tuvieron el predominio de cintura hipertrigliceridémica. Se observó un incremento de obesidad abdominal con la edad. Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, así como, la asociación existente entre los triglicéridos y la medida de la circunferencia de cintura, requiere una valoración sistemática por sexo y edad. La consulta de enfermería de la Atención Primaria es un lugar ideal para promover estrategias de intervención para monitorizar el riesgo clínico cardiovascular a través de los diferentes parámetros antropométricos.
To identify the prevalence of cocaine consumption among university students and to analyse the use of other drugs among the regular cocaine consumers.
An observational, descriptive and ...cross-sectional study performed within the Education, Sciences and Psychology Faculties and the Nursing and Polytechnic Schools belonging to the University of Girona. The selected sample included 2139 first year university students. A self-constructed questionnaire was used to obtain the information regarding gender, age, Faculty, and the status of consume.
The participants were 47.2% males and 52.8% females, with an age range between 17 and 35 years old (median=21 years, SD=3.14). One per-cent of the participants considered themselves usual cocaine consumers. Nine out of every 10 students also use alcohol (95.2%) and cannabis (90.5%).
It has been shown that university students have health threatening habits, such as cocaine abuse. It is more common the use of other drugs among cocaine users than among non-consumers. Preventive and educational programs at the university may be required to reduce and prevent toxic substances abuse among university students.
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