Depression is a global health concern, particularly in the geriatric population. The increasing number of hospital admissions among older individuals highlights the need for healthcare professionals, ...particularly nurses, to understand and treat geriatric depression. Nurses play a crucial role in caring for older adults with depressive symptoms or depression. This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding geriatric depression among primary care nurses in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 primary healthcare nurses in Jazan City using a validated self-administered questionnaire. Knowledge scores were measured and compared among selected demographic variables as well as attitudes toward geriatric depression. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version. 20.0. Chi-square test, fisher's exact test were used for comparison of variables with categorical data. Most primary care nurses were interested in caring for older patients with depression; however, they never attended training courses focused on geriatric depression. Where the study indicated that 38.1% of participants have poor knowledge about geriatric depression while 25.2% have good knowledge. Where the majority had a high understanding of the potential side effects of antidepressant medications, while they had limited knowledge about symptoms, diagnosis, and medications, the majority of participants demonstrated a positive attitude regarding feeling comfortable dealing with depressed patients' needs (56.7%) and considered their profession as a well-placed to assist patients (83.3%) However, 15.2% had a negative attitude citing a lack of self-discipline and willpower.
La dépression est un problème de santé mondial, en particulier dans la population gériatrique. Le nombre croissant d'hospitalisations chez les personnes âgées met en évidence la nécessité pour les professionnels de santé, en particulier les infirmières, de comprendre et de traiter la dépression gériatrique. Les infirmières jouent un rôle crucial dans la prise en charge des personnes âgées présentant des symptômes dépressifs ou une dépression. Cette étude visait à évaluer les connaissances et les attitudes concernant la dépression gériatrique parmi les infirmières de soins primaires de la région de Jazan, en Arabie Saoudite. Une étude transversale a été menée auprès de 210 infirmières de soins primaires de la ville de Jazan à l'aide d'un questionnaire auto-administré validé. Les scores de connaissances ont été mesurés et comparés parmi certaines variables démographiques ainsi que les attitudes à l'égard de la dépression gériatrique. Les données obtenues ont été analysées à l'aide du progiciel statistique pour les sciences sociales, version. 20,0. Le test du Chi carré et le test exact de Fisher ont été utilisés pour comparer les variables avec les données catégorielles. La plupart des infirmières de soins primaires souhaitaient soigner des patients âgés souffrant de dépression ; cependant, ils n'ont jamais suivi de formation axée sur la dépression gériatrique. L'étude indique que 38,1 % des participants ont de mauvaises connaissances sur la dépression gériatrique tandis que 25,2 % ont de bonnes connaissances. Alors que la majorité des participants avaient une bonne compréhension des effets secondaires potentiels des médicaments antidépresseurs, alors qu'ils avaient une connaissance limitée des symptômes, du diagnostic et des médicaments, la majorité des participants ont démontré une attitude positive et se sentaient à l'aise pour répondre aux besoins des patients déprimés (56,7 %). et considéraient leur profession comme bien placée pour assister les patients (83,3 %). Toutefois, 15,2 % avaient une attitude négative citant un manque d'autodiscipline et de volonté.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) describes a heterogeneous group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders in which the cardinal pathological feature is upper motor neurone degeneration leading to ...progressive spasticity and weakness of the lower limbs. Using samples from a large Omani family we recently mapped a gene for a novel autosomal recessive form of HSP (SPG35) in which the spastic paraplegia was associated with intellectual disability and seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of SPG35 patients showed white matter abnormalities suggestive of a leukodystrophy. Here we report homozygous mutations in the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase gene (FA2H) in the original family used to define the SPG35 locus (p.Arg235Cys) as well as in a previously unreported Pakistani family with a similar phenotype (p.Arg53_Ile58del). Measurement of enzyme activity in vitro revealed significantly reduced enzymatic function of FA2H associated with these mutations. These results demonstrate that mutations in FA2H are associated with SPG35, and that abnormal hydroxylation of myelin galactocerebroside lipid components can lead to a severe progressive phenotype, with a clinical presentation of complicated HSP and radiological features of leukodystrophy.
Our aim was to study mannose-binding protein (MBP) polymorphisms in exonic and promoter region and correlate it with associated infections and vasoocculsive (VOC) episodes in sickle cell disease ...(SCD) patients since MBP plays an important role in innate immunity by activating the complement system.
We studied the genetic polymorphisms in the Exon 1 (alleles A/O) and promoter region (alleles Y/X; H/L, P/Q) of the MBL2 gene, in SCD patients as an increased incidence of infections is seen in these patients. A PCR-based, targeted genomic DNA sequencing of MBL2 was used to study 68 SCD Omani patients and 44 controls (healthy voluntary blood donors).
In SCD patients, the frequency of the genotype related to the high production of MBL was 0.35 (YA/YA) and for intermediate/low production was 0.65 (YA/XA, XA/XA, YA/YO, XA/YO, YO/YO). The observed frequencies of MBL2 gene promoter polymorphism (-221, Y/X) were 44.4% and 20.5% for the heterozygous genotype Y/X and 3.2% and 2.2% for the homozygous (X/X) respectively between SCD patients and controls. MBL2 Exon1 gene mutations were 29.4% and 50% for the heterozygous genotype A/O and 5.9% and 6.8% respectively for the homozygous (O/O) genotype between SCD patients and controls. The distribution of variant MBL2 gene polymorphisms did not show any correlation in SCD patients with or without VOC attacks (p=0.16; OR -0.486; CI=0.177 -1.33), however, it was correlated with infections (p=0.0162; OR -3.55; CI 1.25-10.04).
Although the frequency of the genotypes and haplotypes of MBL2 in SCD patients did not differ from controls, overall in the SCD patient cohort the increased representation of variant alleles was significantly correlated with infections (p<0.05). However, these variant MBL2 polymorphisms did not seem to play a significant role in the VOC episodes in this SCD cohort.
We report the presence of two different δ-globin gene mutations causing δ
+
-thalassemia in association with homozygous (−α
3.7
/−α
3.7
) genotype for the first time in an Omani child with a low ...hemoglobin A
2
(HbA
2
) of 0.8 %. Direct nucleotide sequencing revealed compound heterozygote mutations in the patient’s δ-globin genes: HbA
2
-Yialousa (HBD: c.82G>C) and HbA
2
-Wrens (HBD: c.295G>A). In Oman, where α and β-thalassemia and HbS are prevalent, an awareness of the presence of different δ-globin gene mutations is important as complex interactions between these hemoglobinopathies can lead to the misdiagnosis of β-thalassemia carriers.
Patient safety is a high priority for the healthcare system worldwide. It is considered an indicator of the quality of care.
This research assesses Egyptian nurses’ attitude to patient safety and the ...factors that affect their attitude.
A descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected using the staff information form and safety attitudes questionnaire. The study population was 350 nurses working in Mansoura University Hospital. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, the Chi squire test, and ANOVA tests using SPSS.
None of the six domains of safety attitude – job satisfaction, teamwork, safety climate, the perception of management, stress recognition, and working conditions – were awarded a positive mean score above 75. 51.4% of the nurses had a neutral attitude toward patient safety. The main associated factors were educational level, experience, and attending training courses related to patient safety, which had a high effect on nurses’ attitude (p-value < 0.01); age and marital status had a slight effect (p-value < 0.05), while gender and working unit had no significant relationship (p-value > 0.05).
The attitude of nurses towards patient safety at Mansoura University Hospital was neutral, and strongly associated with educational level, years of experience, and attending training courses on patient safety. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to develop strategies towards an increasingly successful patient safety culture.
Exclusive breastfeeding: Impact on infant health Mohamed Ahmed, Sitelbanat Osman; Ashgar, Rnda Ibrahim; Mohammed Abdelgader, Amani Abdelgader ...
Clinical nutrition open science,
October 2023, 2023-10-00, 2023-10-01, Letnik:
51
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is associated with numerous health benefits for infants. However, there are still significant barriers to EBF in many regions, particularly in low-resource settings ...where cultural and socioeconomic factors may impact breastfeeding practices.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of EBF on infant health outcomes.
A non-random sample of 150 mothers and their infants was selected for this study, with infants ranging in age from birth to one year old. The study was conducted from December 2021 to December 2022. The data were collected through interviews and clinical examinations of infants.
Our findings suggest that EBF has a significant positive impact on infant health outcomes. Infants who were exclusively breastfed had a lower incidence of illnesses such as diarrhea, otitis media, urinary tract infections, allergic diseases, pneumonia, and protein energy malnutrition compared with non-EBF infants. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of anemia, fever, or hospitalizations between the two groups.
Our study provides evidence that EBF has a significant positive impact on infant health outcomes in Shendi City, Sudan. Efforts should be made to promote and support EBF practices, particularly through mass media outlets such as television and radio. Additionally, public and social agencies should be established to support maternal and infant healthcare. These interventions could help improve the health outcomes of infants in low-resource settings.
An extremely premature male neonate presented with an unusual multisystem dysfunction within the first 24 to 48 hours of life. The unfolding of clinical events and investigations revealed a transient ...myeloproliferative disorder (TMD). TMD was the main indication for karyotyping of this premature infant without clinical symptoms of Down syndrome. The awareness of TMD in a newborn warrants karyotype analysis to look for trisomy 21 and a close surveillance because of its potential progression to true leukaemia.
Sickle cell crisis, or vaso-occlusive crisis, is a painful complication of sickle cell disease that occurs in adolescents and adults, which is considered the most common reason these patients seek ...medical attention in an emergency room. Despite the high prevalence of sickle cell disease in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, there hasn't been a study looking at nursing students' knowledge about sickle cell disease and home management and prevention of vaso-occlusive crises associated with sickle cell disease. Most of those focused on the investigation of the public, parents of children with sickle cell disease, school students, and patients with sickle cell disease. Therefore, this study aims to assess the level of knowledge about home management and prevention of vaso-occlusive crises among Saudi nursing students at the Aldayer University College, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used in this study that involved 167 nursing students. The study revealed that Aldayer nursing students had adequate knowledge about the home management and prevention of sickle cell disease vaso-occlusive crises.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. It is a major cause of cancer death, and its incidence rate has been gradually increasing in the Arab world, Saudi Arabia has a higher ...proportion of young females getting breast cancer than other countries. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding breast self-examination among females from 20 to 60 years old in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. Using A Community-based descriptive cross-sectional approach, data were gathered from 567 Saudi and non-Saudi women using structured interviews and then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM) version 21.0 software program. Where the study indicated that around half of the participants (55.7%) had good total knowledge scores regarding breast self-examination, and most had positive attitudes. However, only 205 (36.2%) respondents practice it regularly. Moreover, the study reveals a significant association between respondents' knowledge and attitudes toward breast self-examination (P = 0.05). These findings indicate moderate knowledge, poor breast self-examination practices, and a significant association between knowledge and attitudes.Therefore, conducting health education programs is necessary to raise awareness about breast self-examination (BSE) among Jazan women. (Afr J Reprod Health 2024; 28 7: 83-90).
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