Postsurgical mortality secondary to zinc toxicity in dogs Meurs, K.M. (North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC); Breitschwerdt, E.B; Baty, C.J
Veterinary and human toxicology,
12/1991, Letnik:
33, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Zinc may be extremely toxic when absorbed from a metallic foreign body retained in the stomach. The most common cause of zinc toxicosis in dogs appears associated with accidental ingestion of ...copper-coated zinc pennies minted after 1982. In a retrospective literature search, zinc toxicosis due to penny ingestion was reported in 5 dogs, 2 of which died postoperatively, and 1 was euthanatized due to severe multiorgan system failure. In this report, we describe 3 additional cases of zinc toxicosis due to penny ingestion that resulted in a fatal outcome. Two dogs died during the early postoperative period, and another dog was euthanatized 5 d postoperatively due to continued deterioration. These cases emphasize the potential of perioperative complications associated with zinc toxicosis due to penny ingestion and suggest the need for better treatment options to decrease postsurgical mortality associated with this disease entity.
The artichoke (Cyanara scolymus L.) contains inulin, a characteristic carbohydrate of Compositae, which exhibits several functional and nutritional properties. Inulin fermentation increases gas ...production and thereby can provokes digestive discomfort in some people. This study examined gas production and gas composition from fermentation of extracted artichoke’s inulin compared with inulin of other plant species and of different degree of polymerization. The effects of common household practises, such as preservation at ambient temperature and cooking in acidic boiling water, on gas generation were also investigated. Each substrate was fermented in vitro using human faecal inoculum. Fermentation characteristics were quantified after 20 h of incubation. Gas and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production data showed that short-chains artichoke inulin and chicory inulin produced more gas and SCFA than substrates with higher degrees of polymerization (long-chains artichoke inulin, extracted artichoke inulin and dahlia inulin). Fermentation of cooked and preserved artichokes resulted in lower gas production than fermentation of fresh artichoke. Preservation of artichokes a few days at ambient temperature and cooking in acidic boiling water could be of interest to reduce negative side-effects for people suffering from intestinal discomfort.
A 4‐month‐old male Labrador Retriever was presented for recurrent bouts of pulmonary edema associated with tachycardia. Initial physical examination and echocardiography were unremarkable, and the ...electrocardiogram revealed only an intraventricular conduction disturbance. Subsequent recordings showed paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) (340 beats/min), which consistently produced pulmonary edema. The supraventricular tachycardia was unresponsive to adenosine, esmolol, and propranolol; was variably and transiently responsive to various vagal maneuvers and precordial thumps; and was always responsive to IV diltiazem. Multiple life‐threatening episodes of SVT occurred, however, despite the chronic administration of oral diltiazem, propranolol, and procainamide. Diastolic cardiac dysfunction was documented by Doppler echocardiography and was thought to contribute to the development of pulmonary edema. A subsequent electrophysiologic study confirmed the presence of an atrioventricular posteroseptal accessory pathway that participated in orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia. This pathway was determined to conduct only in the retrograde direction (“concealed accessory pathway”). Intraoperative IV procainamide titration terminated the arrhythmia, which could not be reinduced when procainamide blood concentration approximated 20 μg/dL. Increasing the oral procainamide dose to achieve such plasma concentrations was successful in eliminating orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia, preventing heart failure, and returning Doppler indices of diastolic function to normal.
A high performance liquid-chromatographic procedure is reported for measuring the plasma concentration of 5 anticonvulsants: phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, valproic acid and 2 ...bronchodilators: theophylline and caffeine. Limits of detection of ethosuximide and valproic acid are 28 mumol/l, 5 mumol/l for the other drugs. Linearity limits are always very upper than the higher therapeutic dose concentration, the inter assay relative standard deviation are less than 8 p. cent for the 7 drugs at the 3 levels of concentration and the analytical recoveries ranged from 93 to 104 p. cent. The technique is simple and rapid: 4 anticonvulsants are simultaneously extracted and dosed, valproic acid, only has to be dosed lonely. Finally, comparatively to the other immunoassay technique, this method is cheaper.
Dose-Response Analysis Using R Ritz, Christian; Baty, Florent; Streibig, Jens C ...
PloS one,
12/2015, Letnik:
10, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Dose-response analysis can be carried out using multi-purpose commercial statistical software, but except for a few special cases the analysis easily becomes cumbersome as relevant, non-standard ...output requires manual programming. The extension package drc for the statistical environment R provides a flexible and versatile infrastructure for dose-response analyses in general. The present version of the package, reflecting extensions and modifications over the last decade, provides a user-friendly interface to specify the model assumptions about the dose-response relationship and comes with a number of extractors for summarizing fitted models and carrying out inference on derived parameters. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of state-of-the-art dose-response analysis, both in terms of general concepts that have evolved and matured over the years and by means of concrete examples.
Among those who have little direct experience of grammar schools, whose opinions are formed by chatty articles and cranky correspondence in the more light-hearted newspapers, it is an accepted view—a ...dogma in the proper sense of the word—that Latin is on its rapid way out of the schools and that Greek is already virtually extinct. If I explain to the curious outsider that, besides a general interest in schools, I have a special concern for the Latin and Greek taught in them, the almost invariable response is, ‘I shouldn't think you have much to do, then, nowadays’. Whether my own time is properly filled or not, it would be inappropriate to discuss in public; but the implication is worth considering. A few facts may be given, for without them opinions are of little value.
PDF
