•The study assesses digital-enabled backer involvement in reward-based crowdfunding.•Primary survey and secondary platform data from 710 startup ventures is analyzed.•Involvement as informants and ...co-developers in product development is in focus.•Ventures’ social capital is positively related with backer involvement.•Backer involvement translates ventures’ social capital into product innovativeness.
Involving customers is often considered a method to develop products in line with market needs. However, we still need to obtain more insights into the respective drivers and outcomes in the context of (a) the involvement of customers by entrepreneurial ventures and (b) business-to-consumer (B2C) relationships. This study suggests that reward-based crowdfunding can provide a digital opportunity for both areas. We explore how community-derived social capital influences ventures’ approach to engaging backers in new product development and how this, in turn, advances product innovativeness. Using structural equation modeling, we test a unique dataset that combines primary survey and secondary platform data from 710 crowdfunding ventures. Our results provide a nuanced picture of how social capital dimensions are associated with backers as an information source and as co-developers and, indirectly, with new product innovativeness. This study underscores that crowdfunding serves as a digital platform for market-oriented innovation. It contributes empirical insights into how nascent teams can engage the digital crowd in product development via crowdfunding. We also add to social capital literature by illuminating web-mediated mechanisms that transform knowledge into tangible innovation outcomes.
Artificial intelligence (AI), conceived in the 1950s, has permeated numerous industries, intensifying in tandem with advancements in computing power. Despite the widespread adoption of AI, its ...integration into medicine trails other sectors. However, medical AI research has experienced substantial growth, attracting considerable attention from researchers and practitioners.
In the absence of an existing framework, this study aims to outline the current landscape of medical AI research and provide insights into its future developments by examining all AI-related studies within PubMed over the past 2 decades. We also propose potential data acquisition and analysis methods, developed using Python (version 3.11) and to be executed in Spyder IDE (version 5.4.3), for future analogous research.
Our dual-pronged approach involved (1) retrieving publication metadata related to AI from PubMed (spanning 2000-2022) via Python, including titles, abstracts, authors, journals, country, and publishing years, followed by keyword frequency analysis and (2) classifying relevant topics using latent Dirichlet allocation, an unsupervised machine learning approach, and defining the research scope of AI in medicine. In the absence of a universal medical AI taxonomy, we used an AI dictionary based on the European Commission Joint Research Centre AI Watch report, which emphasizes 8 domains: reasoning, planning, learning, perception, communication, integration and interaction, service, and AI ethics and philosophy.
From 2000 to 2022, a comprehensive analysis of 307,701 AI-related publications from PubMed highlighted a 36-fold increase. The United States emerged as a clear frontrunner, producing 68,502 of these articles. Despite its substantial contribution in terms of volume, China lagged in terms of citation impact. Diving into specific AI domains, as the Joint Research Centre AI Watch report categorized, the learning domain emerged dominant. Our classification analysis meticulously traced the nuanced research trajectories across each domain, revealing the multifaceted and evolving nature of AI's application in the realm of medicine.
The research topics have evolved as the volume of AI studies increases annually. Machine learning remains central to medical AI research, with deep learning expected to maintain its fundamental role. Empowered by predictive algorithms, pattern recognition, and imaging analysis capabilities, the future of AI research in medicine is anticipated to concentrate on medical diagnosis, robotic intervention, and disease management. Our topic modeling outcomes provide a clear insight into the focus of AI research in medicine over the past decades and lay the groundwork for predicting future directions. The domains that have attracted considerable research attention, primarily the learning domain, will continue to shape the trajectory of AI in medicine. Given the observed growing interest, the domain of AI ethics and philosophy also stands out as a prospective area of increased focus.
•Investigation of chief operating officers’ (COOs’) characteristics and exploration.•Archival data panel study of U.S. large firms from 2006 to 2015.•Long career horizon COOs relate negatively to ...patenting and positively to venturing.•Female COOs relate positively to corporate venturing and do not relate to patenting.•R&D and engineering COOs relate positively to patenting and not to venturing.
This article investigates the role of chief operating officers’ (COOs’) characteristics and their relation to the exploration modes of patenting and venturing. It relies on the upper echelons view to explain how COOs’ demographic and professional background features – represented by their career horizon, gender, and functional experience – may influence the path those COOs choose to conduct exploration. Based on a ten-year cross-industry panel of U.S. firms, the results provide support for the notion that distinct COO profiles relate to organizational exploration efforts. While COOs with long career horizons are associated negatively with patenting activity, they positively relate to corporate venturing activity. Female COOs are positively related to venturing, though no relation can be observed for patenting. COOs with backgrounds in development are positively associated with patenting activity and insignificantly related to venturing. This research adds to the debate on how functional top executives matter for firm exploration.
Abstract Climate hazards disrupt global value chains and business operations, leading to €52 billion in losses for the European Union in 2022 alone. In response to this escalating crisis, there is a ...need for corporate climate adaptation and resilience strategies (henceforth: CCAR) to effectively integrate climate risk challenges into strategic planning. Despite this urgency, there is a shortfall of research synthesising the drivers, strategies, and outcomes of corporate adaptation and resilience. Our study addresses this gap by conducting a systematic literature review to elucidate the academic status quo. From an initial dataset of over 3000 publications, we narrowed the sample to 66 papers, which specifically focus on these topics in the private sector. Grounded in this comprehensive review and regulatory observations, we delineate a CCAR typology to define the key elements required for a corporate approach to physical climate risks. This typology is translated into an actionable business adaptation framework, offering a clear path to begin the adaptation journey. Our in-depth content analysis contributes to the existing literature by identifying two main themes and several gaps: Current research covers the drivers, detailing why companies embark on such initiatives. Another stream focuses on how companies adapt, examining strategies to overcome these climate risks. However, work on the effectiveness and outcomes thereof is scarce. Consequently, our study delineates six trajectories for future research, the outcomes of which can serve as catalysts for advancing future CCAR efforts.
Green manufacturing (GM) plays a vital role in the fight against climate change. Since its introduction in the early 1990s, its relevance has increased for academia and practice. Scholars have found ...valuable insights in existing GM literature focused on bibliometric analyses, single industries, and countries. Nevertheless, structured and multidisciplinary research is needed. We conduct a comprehensive systematic literature review based on an initial 6,000 publications from three databases. The dataset is reduced using specific exclusion and inclusion criteria, resulting in a final dataset of 189 articles. The descriptive analysis indicates a significant increase in publications in recent years, with a focus on a few journals and research methods, while the co-occurrence analysis reveals former research foci. Based on a content analysis using MAXQDA, we develop a GM framework by clustering the defined 290 codes from previous literature into the segments of influences, elements, and results. Within these segments, we further differentiate the themes granularly into seven additional categories and 30 sub-categories. Finally, using in-depth analysis, we find three main new research streams covering GM’s performance, people, and interdisciplinary orientation. This work contributes to existing literature in three ways. First, we provide new insights into the previous development of GM research. Second, we offer a comprehensive GM framework that structures and systematizes the current research on GM, offering additional knowledge about this field. Third, we propose new perspectives on the future evolution of GM and derive guiding research questions.
•Research comprises mixed methods analysis of 189 articles from three databases.•Developed framework outlines influences, elements, and results of GM.•GM influences aspects besides ecology.•Performance, people, and interdisciplinary orientations are future research areas.
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Interactions between project creators and backers on the crowdfunding platform represent the linchpin of every campaign. However, the resulting internal social capital has received little academic ...attention. To address this topic, we frame how internal social capital can develop through project track record and how internal social capital can spill over to external online communities. Focusing on the long–term implications of these manifestations of social capital, we empirically assess whether they can increase funding success beyond a single campaign. We test our hypotheses with two data sets derived from platform and survey sources and find support for the proposed relationships.
Digitalization is increasingly seen as a strategic means for firms to yield competitive and environmental advantages. Still, current empirical research does not yet provide ample evidence on how a ...firm's strategic posture towards digitalization connects to environmental performance. This study examines the link between digital orientation and environmental performance as well as the moderating role of technological turbulence. The natural-resource-based view and literature on strategic orientations provide the conceptual foundations. The hypotheses are tested with data from 515 U.S. Standard and Poor's 500 companies with 2,800 firm observations from 2009 to 2019. The results indicate that, first, a firm's digital orientation has a significant and positive effect on environmental performance and, second, this effect is even more pronounced in technologically turbulent business environments. In sum, our findings suggest that managers can improve their firm's environmental performance and competitive position by increasing the digital orientation within their organizations. We thus add to the literature on the natural-resource-based view by identifying digital orientation as a strategy aligned with the natural environment. Finally, we derive practical implications for managers and policymakers aiming to bring together digitalization and green strategies.
•Strategic digital orientation positively affects firms' environmental performance.•This effect is more pronounced in technologically turbulent environments.•We provide a concrete manifestation of the natural resource-based view.•We use employee reviews to assess if companies' claims are put into practice.•We offer practical guidance on digital-to-green strategies.
Although chief executive officers (CEOs) are the primary decision‐makers in their firms, there has been little research on how CEOs' decision styles affect firm performance. This study explores the ...relationships between firm performance and two key dimensions of CEO decision style, namely the use of heuristics and decision standards. We conceptualize the speed and innovativeness of new product development (NPD) as mediators in these relationships. An empirical analysis of 1046 German firms indicates that CEOs' use of heuristics may lead to higher NPD speed and stronger firm performance. In addition, higher decision standards, i.e., a stronger tendency to make the best decisions possible, among CEOs may promote higher NPD speed, NPD innovativeness, and firm performance but may also lead to less use of heuristics. Our findings underscore the relevance of CEO decision styles for firm performance and NPD, contribute to the debate on the rationality of heuristics, and conceptually broaden the role of decision standards in decision‐making.
Abstract The extent and mechanisms through which religion intertwines with decision-making processes in family firms remain inadequately understood. Family firm owners, driven by their commitment to ...ethical business practices and the safeguarding of their socioemotional wealth, actively seek cues to inform their decision-making processes. This research demonstrates that, among these guiding cues, top-level executives’ perceived religiosity emerges as a relevant factor. Building upon the socioemotional wealth perspective and conducting a longitudinal analysis based on listed family firms between 2009 and 2018, our findings reveal a positive association between family voting rights and the presence of board members perceived to be religious. Furthermore, this relationship is less pronounced if family firms operate in industries with high research and development intensity. Our study confirms that boards with high shares of religiously perceived directors are positively associated with the appointment of chief executive officers perceived to be religious during succession events. We thereby present a unique perspective that acknowledges perceived religiosity as a micro-level constituent shaping board membership and successor selection. This investigation captures the intricate interplay between religion and family firms under a socioemotional wealth umbrella, offering important insights to the family business ethics discourse. Our research also offers practical implications for board and leadership diversity management in family firms.
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