Even the most socially aware countries in the World have noticed the gap increase between the poorest and the richest population groups. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of ...inequity and to identify main barriers for equitable health care utilization by economic status, region and area of living, controlled for health needs in the Croatian adult population. The data from the Croatian Adult Health Survey 2003 were used in this study. The results show that among the respondents with higher health needs, those with economic status above average had higher proportion of regular annual general practitioner and medical specialist visits. In contrast, highly frequent visits to physician were more common in respondents who were below average economic status. Economically worse-off women, regardless on their health care needs reported gynecologist visits less regularly than the better-off women. Long waiting and the large distance from the health care facilities were the most commonly reported barriers in health care utilization. High expenses were present as the main barrier at dentist and inpatient health services utilization. Suburban and rural settlements were more burdened with long distance from the health care facilities and high expenses for all health services, aggravated by the long waiting time for visits to GP. Respondents from the urban settings reported long waiting time and unkindness of the health personnel as the main barriers. The results of this study clearly show the main barriers in the equitable health care delivery to Croatia population from the health care users perspective.
U radu se daju neke mogućnosti primjena novih računalnih tehnologija u modeliranju i upravljanju sustava u pomorstvu. Nove računalne tehnologije i tehnike kao: neizrazita logika (FL), ekspertni ...sustavi (ES), umjetne neuronske mreže (ANN), genetički algoritmi (GA), objektno orjentirano programiranje (OOP) pružaju nove proširene mogućnosti za identifikaciju, modeliranje i upravljanje dinamičkih sustava. U ovom radu prezentiraju se neke od mogućnosti praktičnog iskorištenja naprednih računalnih tehnologija s primjenom u svrhe modeliranja i upravljanja drodskih dizelskih strojeva. Naglasak se u radu daje na dvije priznate i dobro prihvaćene tehnike, neizrazite logike i ekspertnih sustava. U radu se daje nekoliko primjera primjene ovih tehnika i metoda, te pokazuje njihova učinkovitost.
The paper deals with some application possibilities of advanced computing technologies in marine systems modelling and control. New computing technologies and techniques like fuzzy logic (FL), expert systems (ES), artificial neural networks (ANN), genetic algorithms (GA), object oriented programming (OOP) offer new, extended possibilities to identification, modelling and control of dynamic systems. This paper presents some possibilities of practical use of advanced computing technologies applied to the modelling and control of marine diesel engines. The emphasis is put on two well recognised techniques, fuzzy logic and expert systems. Some application examples are illustrated in the paper to show effectivness of using such methods and techniques in marine diesel engine modelling and control.
The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of psychiatric inpatients who committed suicide in the Vrap~e Psychiatric Hospital with respect to clinical, ethical, and legal context. The ...study included all patients hospitalized in the Vrap~e Psychiatric Hospital between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2006 who committed suicide (n=25). The suicide rate in the observed period was 32.9 per 100.000 (suicide coefficient, 50), which is similar that in general population. Based on the characteristics of hospitalized patients who committed suicide, we obtained a typical profile as follows: a middle-aged person, single, unemployed, repeatedly hospitalized, with schizophrenia and a history of suicide attempts, committing suicide using a violent method after more than three weeks of hospital treatment. If further prevention of hospital suicide will be treated as a legal rather than medical issue, the hospital atmosphere would be totalitarian rather than therapeutic. The success of psychiatric treatment is the perception of both of these aspects of suicide as well as their efficient balancing.
Pseudocista gušterače kao najčešće cistično oštećenje gušterače može nastati kao posljedica akutnog ili kroničnog pankreatitisa, traume gušterače ili opstrukcije gušteračnog kanala. Simptomatične, ...komplicirane ili pseudociste koje se povećavaju zahtijevaju liječenje koje može biti endoskopsko (transmuralna i transpapilarna drenaža), perkutano ili kirurško. Prikazuje se bolesnica s pseudocistom gušterače liječenom endoskopskom transgastričnom punkcijom naslijepo i postavljanjem stenta nakon neuspjelog pokušaja endoskopske transpapilarne drenaže. Ukazuje se na to da je ovaj jednostavan pristup siguran i učinkovit u odabranoj skupini bolesnika.
Osim izrade odjeće, tekstilna industrija se bavi konfekcioniranjem tehničkog tekstila, između ostalog i interijera automobila. Načelno konfekcioniranje navlaka automobilskih sjedala je slično ...tehnološkim procesima proizvodnje odjevnih predmeta, ali, zbog specifičnosti kože i tehničkog tekstila koji se koristi u izradi navlaka postoje bitne razlike. Razlike se ogledaju u udio različitih strojeva i opreme u procesu krojenja i šivanja. Postupci konfekcioniranja navlaka automobilskih sjedala zahtijevaju različita stručna znanja, drugačije vidove stručne suradnje u tehničkoj pripremi proizvodnje i tehnološkim procesima proizvodnje zastupljenost računalne tehnike za pripremu i vođenje procesa proizvodnje, kao i za samo vođenje procesa proizvodnje. Osim navedenog, različite su i veličine proizvodnih serija, zahtjevi za točnost izrade i u troškovima investiranja po jednom radnom mjestu. Bez obzira na navedene razlike u omjerima zastupljenosti, osnove tehnike konfekcioniranja vrlo su slične onima koje se rabe u tehnološkim procesima proizvodnje odjeće, tako da tehnolog iz odjevne industrije vrlo brzo može savladati temeljne značajke konfekcioniranja tehničkog tekstila.
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