The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, 1754-2004 Phillips, Jim; Girard, Philip; Cahill, Barry
The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, 1754-2004,
2004, 20150201, 2004, 2020-01-01, 2004-01-01
eBook
Editors Philip Girard, Jim Phillips, and Barry Cahill have put together the first complete history of any Canadian provincial superior court. All of the essays are original, and many offer new ...interpretations of familiar themes in Canadian legal history.
Future multiscale and multiphysics models must use the power of high performance computing (HPC) systems to enable research into human disease, translational medical science, and treatment. ...Previously we showed that computationally efficient multiscale models will require the use of sophisticated hybrid programming models, mixing distributed message passing processes (e.g. the message passing interface (MPI)) with multithreading (e.g. OpenMP, POSIX pthreads). The objective of this work is to compare the performance of such hybrid programming models when applied to the simulation of a lightweight multiscale cardiac model. Our results show that the hybrid models do not perform favourably when compared to an implementation using only MPI which is in contrast to our results using complex physiological models. Thus, with regards to lightweight multiscale cardiac models, the user may not need to increase programming complexity by using a hybrid programming approach. However, considering that model complexity will increase as well as the HPC system size in both node count and number of cores per node, it is still foreseeable that we will achieve faster than real time multiscale cardiac simulations on these systems using hybrid programming models.
This chapter contains sections titled:
Introduction
Radiation Belt Structure and Dynamics
Inner Zone Properties
Outer Zone Electron Dependence on Solar Wind Forcing
Transient Solar Disturbances and ...Outer Belt Responses
Acceleration Mechanisms
High‐Speed Solar Wind Stream Acceleration
Radiation Belt Content and Statistical Studies
Radiation Belt Enhancement and Decay Rates
Electron Losses: Atmospheric Coupling
Microbursts and other Transient Electron Precipitation
The Profound 2007–2010 Solar Minimum
The Last Chapter of The Sampex Saga
Summary
α-Dystrobrevin is a dystrophin-related and -associated protein that is involved in synapse maturation and is required for normal muscle function. There are three protein isoforms in skeletal muscle, ...α-dystrobrevin-1, -2, and -3 that are encoded by the single α-dystrobrevin gene. To understand the role of these proteins in muscle we have investigated the localisation and transcript distribution of the different α-dystrobrevin isoforms. α-Dystrobrevin-1 and -2 are concentrated at the neuromuscular junction and are both recruited into agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clusters in cultured myotubes. We also demonstrate that all α-dystrobrevin mRNAs are transcribed from a single promoter in skeletal muscle. However, only transcripts encoding α-dystrobrevin-1 are preferentially accumulated at postsynaptic sites. These data suggest that the synaptic accumulation of α-dystrobrevin-1 mRNA occurs posttranscriptionally, identifying a novel mechanism for synaptic gene expression. Taken together, these results indicate that different isoforms possess distinct roles in synapse formation and possibly in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy.
Internal charging has been indicated as the cause of many satellite anomalies. In some cases, it has been argued that internal charging has caused satellite system failures. It may be possible to ...predict the occurrence of an internal charging threat in the future but that does not remove the necessity to know what the environmental threat may be. The existence, for many years now, of energetic electron and internal charging measurements in the inner magnetosphere provides the ability to identify the threat levels and generate internal charging specifications. The specifications must embody the worst-case environments that can be expected from magnetic storms and extreme solar/interplanetary conditions. Internal-charging environment specifications are needed by satellite manufacturers for setting design requirements for their systems. The specifications are also required for defining the worst-case energetic electron flux levels and total fluence levels from events. These are used for electron beam testing to verify that critical systems are immune to internal charging, for performing tests on subsystems, and for use in anomaly investigation programs. Data from the GOES, LANL, and CRRES satellites were used to develop preliminary internal-charging environment specifications for some commonly used orbits such as geosynchronous and Molniya or high earth orbits (HEO), and they are discussed. A specification is also given for a highly elliptical equatorial orbit that is used for lunar-transfer orbital maneuvers. The preliminary environments were used to estimate the shielding required to reduce worst-case electron fluxes to safe levels for these orbits.
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