•This study is a meta-analytic review of video modeling interventions for improving functional living skills of individuals with ASD.•A total of 23 studies were included in this review which met the ...Basic Design Standards developed by WWC (Kratochwill et al., 2010).•The Tau-U effect size was calculated to analyze learners’ age, diagnosis, intervention type, and target outcome.•In overall, video modeling interventions have been found to have moderate effects on improving functional living skills of individuals with ASD.
Many individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show deficits in functional living skills, leading to low independence, limited community involvement, and poor quality of life. With development of mobile devices, utilizing video modeling has become more feasible for educators to promote functional living skills of individuals with ASD.
This article aims to review the single-case experimental literature and aggregate results across studies involving the use of video modeling to improve functional living skills of individuals with ASD.
The authors extracted data from single-case experimental studies and evaluated them using the Tau-U effect size measure. Effects were also differentiated by categories of potential moderators and other variables, including age of participants, concomitant diagnoses, types of video modeling, and outcome measures.
Results indicate that video modeling interventions are overall moderately effective with this population and dependent measures. While significant differences were not found between categories of moderators and other variables, effects were found to be at least moderate for most of them.
It is apparent that more single-case experiments are needed in this area, particularly with preschool and secondary-school aged participants, participants with ASD-only and those with high-functioning ASD, and for video modeling interventions addressing community access skills.
Efficacy of Point-of-View Video Modeling Mason, Rose A.; Davis, Heather S.; Boles, Margot B. ...
Remedial and special education,
11/2013, Letnik:
34, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Point-of-view video modeling (POV), a variation of video-based modeling interventions, involves creating a video exemplar from a first-person perspective. The advantage is a significant reduction in ...extraneous stimuli, as well as increased efficiency in production. However, the lack of systematic analysis to evaluate differential impact on targeted outcomes for individuals with disabilities limits the identification of the population for whom POV is most appropriate, as well as the most efficacious implementation procedure. Through meta-analysis of single-subject studies using POV to improve targeted outcomes, this study identifies differential effects of participant characteristics, implementation procedures, and targeted outcomes. Results of the systematic search reveal that POV has only been implemented with individuals with developmental disabilities or an autism spectrum disorder. Analysis yielded an overall improvement rate difference (IRD) effect size of .78 (83.4% confidence interval CI = .76, .80). Furthermore, age, disability, and implementation variables moderate outcomes. Areas of future research and implications for practice are discussed.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and complex communication needs often rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) as a means of functional communication. This ...meta-analysis investigated how individual characteristics moderate effectiveness of three types of aided AAC: the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), speech-generating devices (SGDs), and other picture-based AAC. Effectiveness was measured via the Improvement Rate Difference. Results indicated that AAC has small to moderate effects on speech outcomes, and that SGDs appear to be most effective when considering any outcome measure with individuals with ASD without comorbid intellectual/developmental disorders (IDD). PECS appears to be most effective when considering any outcome measure with individuals with ASD and IDD. SGDs and PECS were the most effective type of AAC for preschoolers, when aggregating across outcome measures. No difference was found between systems for elementary-aged and older individuals.
Although electronic tools such as handheld computers have become increasingly common throughout society, implementation of such tools to improve skills in individuals with intellectual and ...developmental disabilities has lagged in the professional literature. However, the use of visual scripts for individuals with disabilities, particularly those with autism spectrum disorders, has been demonstrated to be effective, though frequently in static formats. Thus, this study involved the implementation of an alternating-treatment design to investigate the effects of tablet computer-based visual scripts on vocabulary use in three 8- to 14-year-old children with autism. Results indicated that all the participants showed increased use of verbs or nouns with the treatment materials, all the participants required less invasive prompts as the project progressed, and one participant had mixed results in the spontaneous use of nouns, increasing in their use in treatment and nontreatment conditions.
This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed peer-reviewed research concerning the generalization and maintenance of functional living skills for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. ...Following the application of predetermined inclusion criteria, 31 articles (containing 32 studies) were reviewed and summarized in terms of (a) generalization dimension, (b) generalization assessment design, (c) maintenance assessment design, (d) maintenance and generalization teaching strategy, and (e) latency to maintenance probes. Using Tau effect size and post hoc analyses, the type of generalization and maintenance teaching strategies were analyzed as potential moderators. Outcomes identified strong effects for generalization strategies employed. Resulting maintenance effects demonstrated strong effects for baseline to maintenance contrasts. Negative effects for the train and hope method were identified using intervention to maintenance contrasts. Results indicated statistically significant findings supporting the use of training in a natural setting and training to a criterion as compared to the train and hope strategy. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Introduction: Empirical support regarding effective interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) within a postsecondary community is limited. Video modeling, an empirically ...supported intervention for children and adolescents with ASD, may prove effective in addressing the needs of individuals with ASD in higher education.
Objective: This study evaluated the effects of video modeling without additional treatment components to improve social-communicative skills, specifically, eye contact, facial expression, and conversational turntaking in college students with ASD.
Method: This study utilized a multiple baseline single-case design across behaviors for two post-secondary students with ASD to evaluate the effects of the video modeling intervention.
Results: Large effect sizes and statistically significant change across all targeted skills for one participant and eye contact and turntaking for the other participant were obtained.
Conclusion: The use of video modeling without additional intervention may increase the social skills of post-secondary students with ASD. Implications for future research are discussed.
Abstract
Objective: To examine latency to criterion for reduction of challenging behaviour with and without stating a contingency statement immediately prior to a DRO procedure.
Method: An ABAC ...design in which A was baseline, B was used to evaluate the efficacy of a DRO procedure, and C was used to evaluate the efficacy of a DRO procedure with a contingency statement.
Results: The DRO with the contingency statement intervention was associated with a shorter latency to behaviour change than the DRO procedure without the contingency statement.
Discussion: These preliminary findings from this case study highlight the importance of examining the efficiency of behaviour change procedures. Directions for future research are provided.
► Meta-analysis of video based modeling (VBM) for individuals with disabilities. ► Differential effects do not exist based on the type of VBM implemented. ► The type of model utilized moderates the ...effect of VBM on targeted outcomes. ► Variations in procedural implementation of VBM appear to influence intervention effect size.
Identifying evidence-based practices for individuals with disabilities requires specification of procedural implementation. Video-based modeling (VBM), consisting of both video self-modeling and video modeling with others as model (VMO), is one class of interventions that has frequently been explored in the literature. However, current information related to differential effects that occur based on variations in procedural implementation is not available. The purpose of this study was to analyze VBM with individuals with disabilities using improvement rate difference meta-analytic procedures. The impact of type of VBM and type of model was investigated as well as the differential effects that occur when VBM is implemented alone or as a component of a package. In addition, the quality of research is assessed. Results yielded an overall large effect size of .81 CI.834 .80, .82 with a range from −.26 to .96. No statistically significant differences were found based on type of VBM. However, when disaggregated by model, differential effects were indicated with VMO with adult as model demonstrating the greatest magnitude of change. Additionally, VMO with reinforcement demonstrated greater effects then when delivered alone or as part of a package. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Functional living skills are skills needed for being an independent individual in society. As individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) get older, the discrepancy between functional living ...skills of themselves and their peers increases. However, it is not known which type of intervention is more or less effective specifically for adolescent-and adult-aged persons with ASD. This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed peer-reviewed research concerning functional living skills for individuals with ASD. Using the Tau-U effect size analysis, the following categories were analyzed: participant diagnoses, independent variables, and dependent variables. In addition, to identify statistically significant differences based on categories of the evaluated variables, we conducted the Kruskal-Wallis analysis and a Dunn post-hoc test. A total of 32 single-case studies were included in this analysis. Results indicated that interventions to improve functional living skills with adolescent- and adult-aged persons with ASD had overall strong effects. Moderate to strong effects were noted across categories for diagnosis. Findings indicated strong effects across categories for dependent and independent variables. Limitations and implications for practice and future research were discussed.
A meta-analysis of 52 studies teaching functional living skills to individuals with autism spectrum disorder was conducted. Using the Tau effect size with the Dunn and the Kruskal–Wallis post-hoc ...analyses, the following categories were analyzed: age, diagnosis, intervention type, dependent variable, setting, and implementer. Analyses for age yielded statistically significant findings supporting greatest outcomes for elementary-aged individuals compared to secondary-aged individuals as well as adolescents and adults in comparison with preschool- and secondary-aged individuals. Moderate to strong effect sizes were noted across categories for diagnosis, intervention, and dependent variable. Outcomes indicated strong effects across categories for setting and implementer. Convergent validity of Tau effect sizes with visually analyzed ratings of evidence was evaluated, which largely resulted in correspondence.
PDF
