Societal Impact Statement
Cultivation of strawberry plants in urban production systems, whether in green open‐air spaces or under some form of protected horticulture such as vertical farming, has ...demonstrated to be challenging to new farmers and businesses. Commercial strawberry producers have an advanced understanding of strawberry plant physiology, enabling them to grow the crop successfully and profitably. Lack of knowledge exchange between commercial growers and new urban farmers seems to result in the abandonment of strawberries as crop of choice in urban systems. This review will confront the specific plant science challenges urban growers need to address to incorporate this nutritional crop into their revolutionary urban growing systems, whilst achieving good quality produce with high yields.
Summary
To ensure a sustainable future of farming, urban horticulture (UH) will need to be a key part of our everyday life. There are increasing demands for higher productivity and more locally produced food, even close to densely populated urban areas, to address environmental pressures and accelerate the resilience of modern food systems. UH is a broad term and can include numerous cultivation methods; rooftop gardens, public spaces, vertical walls, indoor vertical farms, as well as an array of crops including, salads, soft fruits and trees. Crops such as strawberries are expected to soon make a significant contribution to UH. Urban strawberry production promises all‐year round fruit availability, reduced reliance on imports, increased self‐sufficiency, lower food miles, a supply of high‐quality fresh fruits from hyper‐local spaces, increased employment opportunities, welfare benefits and an opportunity to promote a sense of community. Strawberry is a complex perennial crop with agronomical challenges, which requires specialist knowledge that is not always available to new urban farmers. Achieving an urban version of a strawberry field will require knowledge exchange between the commercial rural strawberry producers and the newly entered urban growers. Plant physiology, management of plant pathogens, choice of propagation material, fertigation, pollination and environmental requirements are the most common challenges for urban strawberry production. This review aims to consolidate the common bottleneck challenges of UH for new urban strawberry facilities.
Cultivation of strawberry plants in urban production systems, whether in green open‐air spaces or under some form of protected horticulture such as vertical farming, has demonstrated to be challenging to new farmers and businesses. Commercial strawberry producers have an advanced understanding of strawberry plant physiology, enabling them to grow the crop successfully and profitably. Lack of knowledge exchange between commercial growers and new urban farmers seems to result in the abandonment of strawberries as crop of choice in urban systems. This review will confront the specific plant science challenges urban growers need to address to incorporate this nutritional crop into their revolutionary urban growing systems, whilst achieving good quality produce with high yields.
El cultivo de plantas de fresa en sistemas de producción urbanos, ya sea en espacios agrícolas al aire libre o mediante alguna forma de horticultura controlada, como la agricultura vertical, ha demostrado ser un desafío para los nuevos agricultores y empresas. Los productores comerciales de fresas tienen un conocimiento detallado de la fisiología de las plantas de fresa, lo que les permite cultivar con éxito y de manera rentable. La falta de intercambio de conocimientos entre los productores comerciales y los nuevos agricultores urbanos, parece tener como resultado el abandono de las fresas como un cultivo preferido en los sistemas urbanos. Esta revisión aborda los desafíos específicos de la ciencia vegetal que los productores urbanos deben enfrentar para incorporar este cultivo nutritivo en sus revolucionarios sistemas de cultivo urbano, y al mismo tiempo lograr productos de buena calidad con altos rendimientos.
...Brent Dawson reads slime in The Faerie Queene as the basis of a shared materiality that in turn "offers a different mode of universal relation" across various social hierarchies (41), while Lynn ...Maxwell, looking at the "contradictory vision of female selfhood negotiated around the microcosm/macrocosm" trope in Donne and Shakespeare, claims that the materiality of women's bodies and reproductive capacities often destabilizes, through excess, that trope's attempted containment of female agency (199).After a balanced and useful appraisal of previous readings of melancholy and same-sex desire in Merchant of Venice, Bovilsky charts how Antonio's masochism and his affection for Bassanio do not square with dominant early modern discourses, and she locates in this incongruity an important political, social, and economic critique.James M. Bromley JAMES M. BROMLEY is an Associate Professor of English at Miami University specializing in early modern literature, the history of sexuality, and queer studies.
Sex before Sex Bromley, James M; Stockton, Will
02/2013
eBook
What is sex exactly? Does everyone agree on a definition? And does that definition hold when considering literary production in other times and places?Sex before Sexmakes clear that we cannot simply ...transfer our contemporary notions of what constitutes a sex act into the past and expect them to be true for the people who were then reading literature and watching plays. The contributors confront how our current critical assumptions about definitions of sex restrict our understanding of representations of sexuality in early modern England.
Drawing attention to overlooked forms of sexual activity in early modern culture, from anilingus and interspecies sex to "chin-chucking" and convivial drinking,Sex before Sexoffers a multifaceted view of what sex looked like before the term entered history. Through incisive interpretations of a wide range of literary texts, includingRomeo and Juliet, The Comedy of Errors, Paradise Lost, the figure of Lucretia, and pornographic poetry, this collection queries what might constitute sex in the absence of a widely accepted definition and how a historicized concept of sex affects the kinds of arguments that can be made about early modern sexualities.
Contributors: Holly Dugan, George Washington U; Will Fisher, CUNY-Lehman College; Stephen Guy-Bray, U of British Columbia; Melissa J. Jones, Eastern Michigan U; Thomas H. Luxon, Dartmouth College; Nicholas F. Radel, Furman U; Kathryn Schwarz, Vanderbilt U; Christine Varnado, U of Buffalo-SUNY.
Bromley examines the play The Roaring Girl by Thomas Dekker and Thomas Middleton. The play has shaped the understanding of how London's denizens figured their changing relationships to each other and ...to material culture as the city's population and economic activity rapidly increased in the early modern period. For many of the play's feminist and queer readers, the title character's cross-dressing connects early modern material culture to urban sexuality like a doublet to a pair of trunk hose. Central to this analysis has been the question of whether Dekker and Middleton's representation of Moll challenges or retrenches dominant early modern understandings of gender and sexuality.
This essay looks to cruising (i.e., searching for and engaging in sex in public and quasi-public spaces) in order to reexamine our understanding of sartorial extravagance, masculinity, urbanism, and ...sexuality in the early modern period. Attending to aspects of Ben Jonson’s Every Man Out of His Humour (1599) that seem at odds with the play’s satiric aims, this essay queries critical assumptions that the play and early modern culture speak univocally and unequivocally in condemnation of extravagant male dress. In Jonson’s representations of extravagantly dressed men finding pleasures in urban spaces otherwise hostile to their practices, there are traces of utopian fantasies about and longings for queer public sexual culture. The historicism this essay proposes is “cruisy” not only because it offers a reading of representations of cruising, but also because it derives its methodology from those representations. The essay demonstrates that by thinking through the relationship of cruising to historicity, spatiality, and textuality, queer readers of early modern culture can forge forms of historicist engagement with literary texts that also speak to twentieth and twenty-first century issues involving the politics of sexuality.
StCKP1 (Solanum tuberosum cytokinin riboside phosphorylase) catalyses the interconversion of the N9-riboside form of the plant hormone CK (cytokinin), a subset of purines, with its most active free ...base form. StCKP1 prefers CK to unsubstituted aminopurines. The protein was discovered as a CK-binding activity in extracts of tuberizing potato stolon tips, from which it was isolated by affinity chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequence matched the translation product of a set of ESTs, enabling a complete mRNA sequence to be obtained by RACE-PCR. The predicted polypeptide includes a cleavable signal peptide and motifs for purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity. The expressed protein was assayed for purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity against CKs and adenine/adenosine. Isopentenyladenine, trans-zeatin, dihydrozeatin and adenine were converted into ribosides in the presence of ribose 1-phosphate. In the opposite direction, isopentenyladenosine, trans-zeatin riboside, dihydrozeatin riboside and adenosine were converted into their free bases in the presence of Pi. StCKP1 had no detectable ribohydrolase activity. Evidence is presented that StCKP1 is active in tubers as a negative regulator of CKs, prolonging endodormancy by a chill-reversible mechanism.
The effectiveness of community coalition building and program technical assistance was compared in implementation of collaborative care for depression among health care and community sector clients.
...In under-resourced communities, within 93 programs randomly assigned to coalition building (Community Engagement and Planning) or program technical assistance (Resources for Services) models, 1,018 clients completed surveys at baseline and at six, 12, or 36 months. Regression analysis was used to estimate intervention effects and intervention-by-sector interaction effects on depression, mental health-related quality of life, and community-prioritized outcomes and on services use.
For outcomes, there were few significant intervention-by-sector interactions, and stratified findings suggested benefits of coalition building in both sectors. For services use, at 36 months, increases were found for coalition building in primary care visits, self-help visits, and appropriate treatment for community clients and in community-based services use for health care clients.
Relative to program technical assistance, community coalition building benefited clients across sectors and shifted long-term utilization across sectors.
Little is known about how exclusionary practices (i.e., ignored, ostracized) by managers differ across demographics and influence nursing outcomes. This study examines whether managerial exclusion ...varies by generation, race, and gender, and the extent to which these variables, in turn, relate to turnover intention and perceived patient care among a sample of 747 nurses working in hospitals in a midwestern health system. Exclusion did not differ across most demographic groups, though men reported less exclusion than women. Younger nurses of the Millennial generation, those feeling excluded, and those with fewer years of experience reported lower quality patient care. Managerial exclusion, being a nurse of color, and less experience were associated with stronger intentions to leave. Nursing leaders should attend to factors that may contribute to racial minorities seeking other jobs, diminish younger nurses’ ability to provide high-quality care, and minimize practices that might lead nurses to feel excluded.
Bromley argues that The Nice Valour opens up a space for the representation of masochistic pleasure and allows those pleasures to circulate--just as Lapet's book does within the world of the ...play--among readers and audiences who may not know what they would enjoy erotically until they see it represented.
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