Production space, living space, and ecological space (PLES) increasingly restrict and influence each other, and the urban PLES conflict significantly affects the sustainable development of a city. ...This study extracts multi-dimensional features from high-resolution remote sensing images, building vectors, points of interest (POI), and nighttime lighting data, and applies them to urban PLES feature recognition, dividing Ningbo into an agricultural production space, industrial and commercial production space, public living space, resident living space and ecological space. The specific research work was as follows: first, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to extract high-rise scene information from high-resolution remote sensing images; at the same time, through the geostatistical method, the building vector features, POI features, and night light features were extracted to express the economic and social characteristics of a city. Then, we used the nearest neighbor algorithm, decision-making tree algorithm, and random forest algorithm to train individual and combined features. Finally, random forest, which had the best training effect, was selected as the classifier in the fusion stage; as a result, the prediction accuracy rate reached 90.79%. The experimental results showed that the recognition model, based on multisource data and machine learning, had a good classification effect. Finally, we analyzed the current situation of the spatial distribution of PLES in Ningbo.
The 30 m resolution Landsat data have been used for high resolution aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval based on radiative transfer models. In this paper, a Landsat-8 AOD retrieval algorithm is ...proposed based on the deep neural network (DNN). A total of 6390 samples were obtained for model training and validation by collocating 8 years of Landsat-8 top of atmosphere (TOA) data and aerosol robotic network (AERONET) AOD data acquired from 329 AERONET stations over 30°W–160°E and 60°N–60°S. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud-computing platform is used for the collocation to avoid a large download volume of Landsat data. Seventeen predictor variables were used to estimate AOD at 500 nm, including the seven bands TOA reflectance, two bands TOA brightness (BT), solar and viewing zenith and azimuth angles, scattering angle, digital elevation model (DEM), and the meteorological reanalysis total columnar water vapor and ozone concentration. The leave-one-station-out cross-validation showed that the estimated AOD agreed well with AERONET AOD with a correlation coefficient of 0.83, root-mean-square error of 0.15, and approximately 61% AOD retrievals within 0.05 + 20% of the AERONET AOD. Theoretical comparisons with the physical-based methods and the adaptation of the developed DNN method to Sentinel-2 TOA data with a different spectral band configuration are discussed.
Influenced by historical background, regional economic development, and the frequent occurrence of armed conflict, the human–earth relationship in the Central and Southern Peninsula, which is located ...in a “fragmented zone”, is characteristic of the region. The Indochina Peninsula has now become an area of interest for the study of spatial changes in production–living–ecological spaces (PLES). Taking the Indochina Peninsula as the study area, this paper explores the evolution of the spatiotemporal patterns of PLES and its driving mechanism in the Indochina Peninsula, from 2010 to 2020, based on a grid scale. Methods such as the land-use transition matrix, land-use dynamics index, and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) were used in our model, which will provide the basic data and reference for sustainable development planning across the Indochina Peninsula. Our results show that, from 2010 to 2020, ecological space dominated the PLES pattern on the Indochina Peninsula, but its area gradually decreased, accompanied by a sharp increase in the areas of productive and living spaces. The area of PLES interconversion on the Indochina Peninsula in 2010–2020 was 212,818.70 km2, and the intertransfer of production and ecological spaces was distributed in a networklike manner throughout the Indochina Peninsula, while the transfer of living space was distributed in a pointlike manner. The migration path of the center of gravity of PLES on the Indochina Peninsula demonstrated a significant directional difference, and the direction and extent of the standard deviation ellipse distribution of the ecological space was similar to that of the production space. The PLES’s pattern evolution was affected by the degree of multiple factors, with a significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity. The positive and negative feedback effects of the factors were distributed in different areas and in different transfer directions.
Sustainable land use is an important part of sustainable development. China is the largest developing country and has made significant achievements in economic development. However, in the process of ...development, there are also problems such as tightening resource constraints and intensifying land use conflicts. With mainland China as the research area in this article, the perspective of “production–living–ecological spaces” (PLES) from the administrative unit scale and grid scale was used to build a land use evaluation index system. Through geographic information technology and mathematical models, we researched PLES spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of various Chinese cities, regions, and provinces, and analyzed the present situation of the coupling coordination and drew several conclusions. (1) From 2010–2019, the PLES function scores of cities in China increased to a certain extent, presenting a high spatial distribution pattern in the south and low in the north, and the spatial correlation analysis shows that there is a certain correlation between the land use function scores of each city. (2) From 2010–2019, the spatial suitability of PLES in China showed a downward trend, suggesting that human activities and different land use patterns may have a certain impact on land use suitability. In addition, ecological space suitability is negatively correlated with human production and living activities. (3) The coupling coordination degree of land use in China has been continuously reducing over the past 9 years, indicating that the coordination degree of different land use activities has been continuously deteriorated. There are also some cities with poor PLES coordination, caused by unreasonable production and living activities inflicting great damage upon the ecological space, or by low production efficiency with dense populations. Therefore, it is suggested to reasonably adjust the layout of land space, improve the efficiency of land resource utilization, and pay attention to the harmonious development between humans and nature, so as to achieve the sustainable development of land use.
•Multi-scale mathematical and coupling coordination degree model are applied comprehensively.•A complete index system from different scales to evaluate land use sustainability are conducted.•The relationship between PLES and SDGs detailed indicators are analyzed and discussed.
Hydrologic regime plays an important role in maintaining aquatic ecosystem structures and biogeochemical processes of endorheic salt lakes. Due to joint influences of regional climate change, runoff ...regulation and water withdrawal, ecological water deficiency has been increasingly prominent in endorheic salt lakes in Northwest China, especially in the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Previous studies mainly focused on establishing and applying methods to determine ecological water levels of lakes, while much less attention was paid to a more important problem – how such water levels could be reached under changed watershed hydrological processes. Solutions of this gap were explored in this study using the Dalinuoer Lake as an example. This lake is a typical endorheic salt lake located in the Inner Mongolian Plateau. It is a critical source to provide important ecological services and economic values for locals. Its ecological water level to maintain the optimum salinity threshold was first calculated by applying a statistical analysis of relationships between the phytoplankton biomass, salinity and water level of the lake. Potential measures to preserve the ecological water level of the lake were subsequently evaluated based on a hydrological process analysis of the watershed. The results indicated that the optimum salinity threshold was 5.7 g/L. This value should be also valid for other endorheic salt lakes in this region. According to a function between the water storage and the mean water depth of this lake, the ecological water level was determined to be 10.28 m with an ecological water deficit of 2.5 × 108 m3. A basin water balance analysis using the results proposed measures to maintain a sustainable ecological water level, including controlling local water consumption and infusing ecological water. The results of this study could be extrapolated to other similar conditions to provide guidance for policy‐makers, so that better decisions could be hopefully forged to protect eco‐hydrological processes of endorheic salt lakes in the Mongolian Plateau, as well as other comparable scenarios.
This study calculated the optimum ecological water level of the Dalinuoer Lake based on the analysis of the relationships between the aquatic ecosystems, eco‐environmental factor and the hydrologic regimes. The optimum salinity threshold of 5.7 g/L has been proposed in the inland lakes across the Neimenggu‐Xinjiang Plateau, and the optimum ecological water level and ecological water storage of the Dalinuoer Lake is 10.28 m and 13.09 × 108 m3, respectively. There are two major measures proposed to preservation the Dalinuoer Lake water level, including controlling local water consumption and the cross‐basin water diversion project.
In spectral information acquisition, the removal of stray light, noise, and other signals in the spectral system have always been an important part of the research. In this paper, the removal ...technology of stray light, noise, and other signals in the development of an ink testing system based on visible spectrum technology is deeply studied. Then, by researching composite digital filtering, curve fitting algorithm, and the fitting equation peak-seeking calibration method, a system for dynamically collecting grating spectral information is designed, which effectively improves the system's detection and extraction accuracy of light source signals. The experimental results show that the composite digital filtering method of moving average filtering and median filtering can not only suppress the accidental pulse interference, but also effectively filter out the observable random noise. For spectral information after filtering, the 6th order Gaussian algorithm was used to fit the acquired signal of the light source, and the R-square value and RMSE value were 0.9867 and 0.0277 respectively, showing better fitting accuracy and reduction degree. Finally, the fitting equation peak-seeking calibration method is adopted based on least square method. The experimental results show that the maximum error is 0.0045 nm and the RMSE value is 0.0029. The system shows better calibration accuracy.
Colon cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Unfortunately, there are no recognized and effective therapeutic strategies to prevent tumor recurrence after radical resection and ...chemotherapy, and the disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with stage IIIB or IIIC disease remains unsatisfactory. Xian-Lian-Jie-Du optimization decoction (XLJDOD) is a Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) empirical prescription, which has been validated experimentally and clinically that could inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer and ameliorate the symptoms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of XLJDOD in prevention of recurrence of colon cancer.
This study is a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 13 hospitals of China. Following the completion of surgery and adjuvant 5- fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, a total of 730 subjects with stage IIIB or IIIC colon cancer will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to an intervention group (n = 365; XLJDOD compound granule) and a control group (n = 365; Placebo). Patients will receive 6-month treatments and be followed up with 3 monthly assessments for 2 years. The primary outcome is 2-year DFS rate and the secondary outcomes are 1, 2-year relapse rate (RR), overall survival (OS) and quality of life (QoL). Safety outcomes such as adverse events will be also assessed. A small number of subgroup analysis will be carried out to explore the heterogeneity of effects of XLJDOD.
The outcomes from this randomized controlled trial will provide objective evidences to evaluate XLJDOD's role as an adjuvant treatment in colon cancer.
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gov , identifier: NCT05709249. Registered on 31 Jan 2023.
The liver is the most common anatomical site for hematogenous metastases of colorectal cancer, and colorectal liver metastases is one of the most difficult and challenging points in the treatment of ...colorectal cancer. To improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in China, the Guidelines have been edited and revised several times since 2008, including the overall evaluation, personalized treatment goals and comprehensive treatments, to prevent the occurrence of liver metastases, improve the resection rate of liver metastases and survival. The revised Guideline includes the diagnosis and follow-up, prevention, MDT effect, surgery and local ablative treatment, neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, and comprehensive treatment, and with advanced experience, latest results, detailed content, and strong operability.
