Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO
2
to value‐added chemicals would be an efficient way to utilize CO
2
and mitigate greenhouse gas emission. However, the associated competitive hydrogen ...evolution reaction (HER) in aqueous electrolytes usually leads to poor selectivity for the CO
2
electroreduction reactions (CO
2
RR). Due to their high specific surface areas and tunable single active sites, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as promising candidates for CO
2
RR. Herein, the Fe‐porphyrin based Zr‐MOF, PCN‐222(Fe), was treated with perfluorocarboxylic acid to afford the hydrophobic F
n
‐PCN‐222(Fe) (
n
= 5 and 7,
n
is the number of fluorine atoms in the perfluoroalkyl chain) for improving the selectivity CO
2
RR via inhibiting the HER. Owing to the single active Fe sites were positioned in a hydrophobic microenvironment, the optimal F
5
‐PCN‐222(Fe) shows a high Faradic efficiency of 97% toward production of CO at −0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Meanwhile, F
5
‐PCN‐222(Fe) achieved a high turnover frequency value of 3850 h
−1
at −0.8 V, which was almost 3.6 times higher than that of PCN‐222(Fe) and surpassed most of other reported MOFs. This study paves a new way to improve the selectivity of the CO
2
RR via inhibiting the associated HER by increasing the hydrophobicity of the electrocatalysts.
We present a spectroscopic redshift catalog from the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area (LaCoSSPAr) in the Southern Galactic Cap (SGC), which is designed to observe all sources ...(Galactic and extragalactic) by using repeating observations with a limiting magnitude of in two fields. The project is mainly focusing on the completeness of LAMOST ExtraGAlactic Surveys (LEGAS) in the SGC, the deficiencies of source selection methods, and the basic performance parameters of the LAMOST telescope. In both fields, more than 95% of galaxies have been observed. A post-processing has been applied to the LAMOST 1D spectrum to remove the majority of remaining sky background residuals. More than 10,000 spectra have been visually inspected to measure the redshift by using combinations of different emission/absorption features with an uncertainty of . In total, 1528 redshifts (623 absorption and 905 emission line galaxies) in Field A and 1570 redshifts (569 absorption and 1001 emission line galaxies) in Field B have been measured. The results show that it is possible to derive redshift from low S/N galaxies with our post-processing and visual inspection. Our analysis also indicates that up to one-fourth of the input targets for a typical extragalactic spectroscopic survey might be unreliable. The multi-wavelength data analysis shows that the majority of mid-infrared-detected absorption (91.3%) and emission line galaxies (93.3%) can be well separated by an empirical criterion of . Meanwhile, a fainter sequence paralleled to the main population of galaxies has been witnessed both in Mr/ and M*/ diagrams, which could be the population of luminous dwarf galaxies but contaminated by the edge-on/highly inclined galaxies ( ).
Abstract Objective The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL) and flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) for treating patients on anticoagulant ...(AC) or antiplatelet (AP) medications. Patients and Methods The study included 213 patients with urinary stones who underwent URL or fURS between January 2019 and October 2022 at the Shanghai Municipal Hospital Urology Specialist Alliance. Among these patients, 20 received AC therapy, 198 received AP therapy, and 5 received both AC and AP therapy. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the real-world management of antithrombotic drugs: the continuation group (n = 62), the discontinuation group ( n = 91), and the discontinuation and bridge heparin group ( n = 60). Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were compared between the 3 groups. Results Age, sex, body mass index, stone location, stone size, stone side, and residual fragments were not different among the groups. None of the patients received blood transfusions or had thromboembolic events, emergencies for gross hematuria, significant bleeding-related complications, or unplanned secondary ureteroscopic surgery. The mean duration of hospital stay of the continuation group (3.97 days) was significantly lower than that of the discontinuation group (5.99 days) and the discontinuation and bridge heparin group (5.75 days) ( p < 0.001). Conclusions URL and fURS can be performed safely and effectively in patients on AC or AP drugs, resulting in reduced duration of hospital stay.
The PML/RARα fusion protein is the oncogenic driver in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Although most APL cases are cured by PML/RARα-targeting therapy, relapse and resistance can occur due to ...drug-resistant mutations. Here we report that thermal stress destabilizes the PML/RARα protein, including clinically identified drug-resistant mutants. AML1/ETO and TEL/AML1 oncofusions show similar heat shock susceptibility. Mechanistically, mild hyperthermia stimulates aggregation of PML/RARα in complex with nuclear receptor corepressors leading to ubiquitin-mediated degradation via the SIAH2 E3 ligase. Hyperthermia and arsenic therapy destabilize PML/RARα via distinct mechanisms and are synergistic in primary patient samples and
, including three refractory APL cases. Collectively, our results suggest that by taking advantage of a biophysical vulnerability of PML/RARα, thermal therapy may improve prognosis in drug-resistant or otherwise refractory APL. These findings serve as a paradigm for therapeutic targeting of fusion oncoprotein-associated cancers by hyperthermia. SIGNIFICANCE: Hyperthermia destabilizes oncofusion proteins including PML/RARα and acts synergistically with standard arsenic therapy in relapsed and refractory APL. The results open up the possibility that heat shock sensitivity may be an easily targetable vulnerability of oncofusion-driven cancers.
.
We present a spectroscopic redshift catalog from the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area (LaCoSSPAr) in the Southern Galactic Cap (SGC), which is designed to observe all sources ...(Galactic and extra-galactic) by using repeating observations with a limiting magnitude of \(r=18.1~mag\) in two \(20~deg^2\) fields. The project is mainly focusing on the completeness of LAMOST ExtraGAlactic Surveys (LEGAS) in the SGC, the deficiencies of source selection methods and the basic performance parameters of LAMOST telescope. In both fields, more than 95% of galaxies have been observed. A post-processing has been applied to LAMOST 1D spectrum to remove the majority of remaining sky background residuals. More than 10,000 spectra have been visually inspected to measure the redshift by using combinations of different emission/absorption features with uncertainty of \(\sigma_{z}/(1+z)<0.001\). In total, there are 1528 redshifts (623 absorption and 905 emission line galaxies) in Field A and 1570 redshifts (569 absorption and 1001 emission line galaxies) in Field B have been measured. The results show that it is possible to derive redshift from low SNR galaxies with our post-processing and visual inspection. Our analysis also indicates that up to 1/4 of the input targets for a typical extra-galactic spectroscopic survey might be unreliable. The multi-wavelength data analysis shows that the majority of mid-infrared-detected absorption (91.3%) and emission line galaxies (93.3%) can be well separated by an empirical criterion of \(W2-W3=2.4\). Meanwhile, a fainter sequence paralleled to the main population of galaxies has been witnessed both in \(M_r\)/\(W2-W3\) and \(M_*\)/\(W2-W3\) diagrams, which could be the population of luminous dwarf galaxies but contaminated by the edge-on/highly inclined galaxies (\(\sim30\%\)).
Reliable estimates of the anelastic attenuation factor, Q, are desirable to improve resolution through inversing Q filter and to facilitate amplitude analysis. This paper derives an energy ...attenuation formula of seismic waves in the wavelet‐scale domain from the wavelet theory and seismic wave propagation equations in anelastic media. The energy attenuation formula has the following features: (1) The larger Q is, the more slowly the energy attenuates; the smaller Q is, the faster the energy attenuates. (2) The smaller the scale, the less the energy involving in signal. (3) The energy of a signal on different scales is equal while impulse source propagates in an ideal elastic medium (i.e., Q = ∞). The energy attenuation formula can be used to estimate the quality factor Q from surface seismic data and to extract any scale energy attenuation section as an attribute parameter for discriminating fluid contents and lithology. It avoids window problems that classic spectral ratios encounter. Theoretical modeling experiments demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of this method.
Much of the communication within biological systems occurs at the level of protein-protein interactions （PPIs）. A quantitative understanding of the binding strengths of PHs is thus essential to ...fundamentally understand many critical biological processes, providing the means for novel re-working of existing pathways in synthetic biology as well as novel therapeutic approaches against diseases. To date, most of the binding strengths of PPls have been determined in an individualistic case-by-case basis, and thus only a minor fraction of the total PPIs that occur within biological systems has been elucidated. This limitation is primarily owing to the lack of techniques that can rapidly evaluate the strength of PPIs among hundreds to thousands of proteins in a single experimental setting.
A method is proposed to monitor and control Hopf bifurcations in multi-machine power systems using the information from wide area measurement systems （WAMSs）. The power method （PM） is adopted to ...compute the pair of conjugate eigenvalues with the algebraically largest real part and the corresponding eigenvectors of the Jacobian matrix of a power system. The distance between the current equilibrium point and the Hopf bifurcation set can be monitored dynamically by computing the pair of conjugate eigenvalues. When the current equilibrium point is close to the Hopf bifurcation set, the approximate normal vector to the Hopf bifurcation set is computed and used as a direction to regulate control parameters to avoid a Hopf bifurcation in the power system described by differential algebraic equations （DAEs）. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by regulating the reactive power loads in a 14-bus power system.
Aim： To investigate the effects of advanced glycation end products （AGEs） on calcification in human aortic smooth muscle cells （HASMCs） in vitro and the underlying mechanisms. Methods： AGEs were ...artificially prepared. Calcification of HASMCs was induced by adding inorganic phosphate （Pi, 2 mmol/L） in the media, and observed with Alizarin red staining. The calcium content in the supernatant was measured using QuantiChrome Calcium Assay Kit. Expression of the related mRNAs and proteins was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation （CHIP） assay was used to detect the binding of NF-KB to the putative IGFIR promoter. Results： AGEs （100 pg/mL） significantly enhanced Pi-induced calcification and the levels of osteocalcin and Cbfal in HASMCs. Further- more, the treatment decreased the expression of insulin-like growth factor I receptor （IGFIR）. Over-expression of IGFIR in HASMCs suppressed the AGEs-induced increase in calcium deposition. When IGFIR expression was knocked down in HASMCs, AGEs did not enhance the calcium deposition. Meanwhile, AGEs time-dependently decreased the amounts of IκBa and Flag-tagged p65 in the cytoplasmic extracts, and increased the amount of nuclear p65 in HASMCs. In the presence of NF-κB inhibitor PDTC （50 pmol/L）, the AGEs-induced increase in calcium deposition was blocked. Over-expression of p65 significantly enhanced Pi-induced mineralization, but suppressed IGFIR mRNA level. Knockdown of p65 suppressed the AGEs-induced increase in calcium deposition, and rescued the IGFIR expression. The ChIP analysis revealed that NF-κB bound the putative IGFIR promoter at position -230 to -219 bp. The inhibition of IGF1R by NF-κB was abolished when IGFIR reporter plasmid contained mutated binding sequence for NF-κB or an NF-κB reporter vector. Conclusion： The results demonstrate that AGEs promote calcification of human aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro via activation of NF-κB and down-regulation of IGFIR expression.
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