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Domain of Unknown Function 266 (DUF266) is a plant-specific domain. DUF266-containing proteins (DUF266 proteins) have been categorized as ‘not classified glycosyltransferases (GTnc)’ due to amino ... acid similarity with GTs. However, little is known about the function of DUF266 proteins. As a result, Phylogenetic analysis revealed that DUF266 proteins are only present in the land plants including moss and lycophyte. We report the functional characterization of one member of DUF266 proteins in Populus, PdDUF266A. PdDUF266A was ubiquitously expressed with high abundance in the xylem. In Populus transgenic plants overexpressing PdDUF266A (OXPdDUF266A), the glucose and cellulose contents were significantly higher, while the lignin content was lower than that in the wild type. Degree of polymerization of cellulose in OXPdDUF266A transgenic plants was also higher, whereas cellulose crystallinity index remained unchanged. Gene expression analysis indicated that cellulose biosynthesis-related genes such as CESA and SUSY were upregulated in mature leaf and xylem of OXPdDUF266A transgenic plants. Moreover, PdDUF266A overexpression resulted in an increase of biomass production. Their glucose contents and biomass phenotypes were further validated via heterologous expression of PdDUF266A in Arabidopsis. Results from saccharification treatment demonstrated that the rate of sugar release was increased by approximately 38% in the OXPdDUF266A transgenic plants. več

Due to the drastically different intralayer versus interlayer bonding strengths, the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials are highly anisotropic between ... the in-plane and out-of-plane directions. The structural anisotropy may also play a role in chemical reactions, such as oxidation, reduction, and etching. Here, the composition, structure, and electrical properties of mechanically exfoliated WSe2 nano- sheets on SiO2/Si substrates were studied as a function of the extent of thermal oxidation. A major component of the oxidation, as indicated from optical and Raman data, starts from the nano-sheet edges and propagates laterally towards the center. Partial oxidation also occurs in certain areas at the surface of the flakes, which are shown to be highly conductive by microwave impedance microscopy. Using secondary ion mass spectroscopy, we also observed extensive oxidation at the WSe2/SiO2 interface. The combination of multiple microcopy methods can thus provide vital information on the spatial evolution of chemical reactions on 2D materials and the nanoscale electrical properties of the reaction products. več

目的构建玉米通用表达载体，以期为利用转基因手段提高玉米对非生物胁迫的耐受性奠定基础。方法通过对现有的pGreen0229植物表达载体进行改造，构建含有CaMv35S启动子驱动的抗草胺膦筛选基因bar、可用于连接目的基因的玉米表达载体PGM-35Sbar，并通过花粉管通道法转化吉444玉米自交系。结果PGM-35Sbar玉米通用载体构建成功，转化玉米植株后，得到抗性植株14棵，经PCR检测其中有12棵为阳性植株。结论该研究为快速构建含有特定目的基因的玉米表达载体奠定了基础。 Objective The paper was to construct maize universal expression vector, in order to provide basis for using transgenic methods to improve abiotic stress tolerance of maize. Method Based on the transformation of existing pGreen0229 plant expression vector, phosphinothricin-resistant selectable marker-bar gene driving by CaMv35S promoter was constructed, which could be used to connect target gene of maize expression vector PGM-35Sbar, and transform Ji444 maize inbred lines by pollen tube pathway. Result The universal expression vector for PGM- 35Sbar maize had been successfully constructed. When the maize plants were transformed, 14 resistant plants were obtained, and 12 plants were identified to be positive plants by PCR detection. Conclusion The study provide