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•SnO2 and CeO2 nanoparticles were firstly used to modified graphene electrode.•The synergistic effect of bimetals enhanced the electron transfer of electrode.•DFT calculation ...substantiated the increased adsorption energy and electron transfer.•The developed sensor achieved a very low detection limit of 0.01 μg/L for Cd ion.
A novel laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode modified with SnO2 and CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was created to detect Cd(II) ions via differential pulsed anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and contact angle (CA) analyses were used to characterize the physical and electrochemical properties of the electrode. Both the electrochemical activity and adsorption capacity of the carbon electrode were significantly enhanced. Due to the synergistic effects of SnO2 and CeO2 NPs, the modification enhanced the transfer of free electrons on the electrode surface, increasing the electrode sensitivity and accelerating the response speed in the detection process. The use of poly-aminobenzene sulfonic acid (p-ABSA) further increased the conductivity of the electrode. The enhanced adsorption energy and electron transfer properties of the modified electrode were also substantiated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Parameters such as Sn/Ce ratio, deposition time, number of polymerization cycles of p-ABSA and solution pH were optimized to determine the best detection conditions for Cd(II) ions. Under optimal conditions, our sensor showed a broad linear concentration range (0.1 ∼ 160 μg/L) with a low detection limit (0.01 μg/L). This sensor was also successfully applied for detection of Cd(II) ions in groundwater and tap water. Recovery rates ranged from 94 to 111% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 6.06%. This sensor has good anti-interference ability, reproducibility and stability. Our results provide a promising sensor technique for efficient and rapid in situ monitoring of Cd(II) ions in aquatic environments.
Human genomics is witnessing an ongoing paradigm shift from a single reference sequence to a pangenome form, but populations of Asian ancestry are underrepresented. Here we present data from the ...first phase of the Chinese Pangenome Consortium, including a collection of 116 high-quality and haplotype-phased de novo assemblies based on 58 core samples representing 36 minority Chinese ethnic groups. With an average 30.65× high-fidelity long-read sequence coverage, an average contiguity N50 of more than 35.63 megabases and an average total size of 3.01 gigabases, the CPC core assemblies add 189 million base pairs of euchromatic polymorphic sequences and 1,367 protein-coding gene duplications to GRCh38. We identified 15.9 million small variants and 78,072 structural variants, of which 5.9 million small variants and 34,223 structural variants were not reported in a recently released pangenome reference
. The Chinese Pangenome Consortium data demonstrate a remarkable increase in the discovery of novel and missing sequences when individuals are included from underrepresented minority ethnic groups. The missing reference sequences were enriched with archaic-derived alleles and genes that confer essential functions related to keratinization, response to ultraviolet radiation, DNA repair, immunological responses and lifespan, implying great potential for shedding new light on human evolution and recovering missing heritability in complex disease mapping.
Wilkes Land and Totten Glacier (TG) in East Antarctica (EA) have been losing ice mass significantly since 1989. There is a lack of knowledge of long-term mass balance in the region which hinders the ...estimation of its contribution to global sea level rise. Here we show that this acceleration trend in TG has occurred since the 1960s. We reconstruct ice flow velocity fields of 1963-1989 in TG from the first-generation satellite images of ARGON and Landsat-1&4, and build a five decade-long record of ice dynamics. We find a persistent long-term ice discharge rate of 68 ± 1 Gt/y and an acceleration of 0.17 ± 0.02 Gt/y
from 1963 to 2018, making TG the greatest contributor to global sea level rise in EA. We attribute the long-term acceleration near grounding line from 1963 to 2018 to basal melting likely induced by warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water. The speed up in shelf front during 1973-1989 was caused by a large calving front retreat. As the current trend continues, intensified monitoring in the TG region is recommended in the next decades.
Protein missense mutations and resulting protein stability changes are important causes for many human genetic diseases. However, the accurate prediction of stability changes due to mutations remains ...a challenging problem. To address this problem, we have developed an unbiased effective model: PMSPcnn that is based on a convolutional neural network. We have included an anti-symmetry property to build a balanced training dataset, which improves the prediction, in particular for stabilizing mutations. Persistent homology, which is an effective approach for characterizing protein structures, is used to obtain topological features. Additionally, a regression stratification cross-validation scheme has been proposed to improve the prediction for mutations with extreme ΔΔG. For three test datasets: Ssym, p53, and myoglobin, PMSPcnn achieves a better performance than currently existing predictors. PMSPcnn also outperforms currently available methods for membrane proteins. Overall, PMSPcnn is a promising method for the prediction of protein stability changes caused by single point mutations.
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•PMSPcnn is an unbiased CNN-based predictor to predict protein stability changes•Persistent homology is used to extract topological features•Includes a strategy of regression stratification cross-validation•PMSPcnn achieves state-of-the-art performance compared to existing methods
Sun et al. present the unbiased model PMSPcnn for the prediction of mutation-induced protein stability changes. PMSPcnn considers the anti-symmetry property, utilizes five types of characteristics including PH-based topology features, and is trained via regression stratification cross-validation. PMSPcnn achieves a state-of-the-art performance compared to existing methods on multiple test sets.
Proteins are essential for all living organisms, and perform a wide variety of functions in the cell and human body, including structural, mechanical, biochemical, and signaling. Since proteins can ...serve as valuable biomarkers for health status and diseases states, and enable personalized medicine, sensitive and rapid detection of proteins is of paramount importance. Herein, we report a chemically functionalized conical shaped poly-(ethylene terephthalate) nanopore (PET nanopore) as a stochastic sensing element for detection of proteins at the single-molecule level. We demonstrate that the PET nanopore sensor is not only sensitive and selective, but also can differentiate proteins rapidly, offering the potential for label-free protein detection and characterization. Our developed PET nanopore sensing strategy not only provides a general platform for exploring fundamental protein dynamics and rapid detection of proteins at the single-molecule level, but also opens new avenues toward advanced deeper understanding of enzymes, development of more efficient biosensing technologies, and constructing novel biomimetic nanopore systems.
•PET nanopore was utilized as a single-molecule stochastic sensing element for protein detection for the first time.•The net charge of a protein species played a significant role in its residence time in the functionalized PET nanopore.•The PET nanopore is sensitive and selective, offering the potential for label-free protein detection and characterization.
This study intends to test the connection between fiscal decentralization, energy demand dynamics, and energy poverty status from the context of China. The study has collected large datasets ranging ...from 2001 to 2019 to justify the empirical findings. The long-run analysis economic techniques were considered and applied for this. The results indicated that a 1% adverse change in energy demand dynamics causes 13% of energy poverty. Supportively, a 1% positive rise in energy supply to fulfill energy demand reduces energy poverty by 9.4% in the study context. Moreover, empirical findings show that a 7% rise in fiscal decentralization accelerates 19% fulfillment in energy demand and mitigates energy poverty up to 10.5%. We demonstrate that if enterprises can only alter their technology choices in the long run, the short-run reaction of energy demand must be less than the long-run response. Second, we demonstrate that the elasticity of demand approaches its long-run level exponentially at the rate defined by the capital depreciation rate and the economy’s growth rate, using a putty-clay model with induced technical development. According to the model, it takes more than 8 years for half of the long-run impact of induced technological change on energy consumption to be realized in industrialized nations once the carbon price is implemented. This research document also gives multiple policy directions for policy developers.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of covalently closed endogenous single-stranded RNA, have been regarded as the byproducts of the aberrant splicing of genes without any biological functions. ...Recently, with the development of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics, thousands of circRNAs and their differential biological functions have been identified. Except for the great advances in identifying circRNA roles in tumor progression, diagnosis, and treatment, accumulated evidence shows that circRNAs are enriched in the brain, especially in the synapse, and dynamically change with the development or aging of organisms. Because of the specific roles of synapses in higher-order cognitive functions, circRNAs may not only participate in cognitive functions in normal physiological conditions but also lead to cognition-related diseases after abnormal regulation of their expression or location. Thus, in this review, we summarized the progress of studies looking at the role of circRNA in cognitive function, as well as their involvement in the occurrence, development, prognosis, and treatment of cognitive-related diseases, including autism, depression, and Alzheimer's diseases.
In this study, the radiation scheme BCC-RAD (Beijing Climate Center RADiative transfer model) developed for global climate models is implemented into the Global–Regional Integrated SysTem (GRIST) ...model as an alternative to the default RRTMG (general circulation model (GCM) version of the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model) scheme. Its impact on the simulated climate is comprehensively evaluated under different physics parametrization packages, in comparison with both the CERES (partly from ERA5 reanalysis) observations and multi-model results from CMIP6. The results indicate that under the default physics parameterization package of GRIST (PhysC), BCC-RAD improved the simulated global mean cloud cover by ~3% and the clear-sky outgoing longwave radiation by ~5.6 W/m2. Upon the inclusion of the PhysCN parameterization package, BCC-RAD exhibited further improvement in simulated cloud cover and radiative forcing (particularly longwave radiative forcing, the bias of which decreases from −9.2 W/m2 to −1.8 W/m2), leading it to be closer to observations than RRTMG. Additionally, BCC-RAD improved the simulation of atmospheric temperature and hence notably diminished the apparent overestimation of atmospheric humidity seen in RRTMG. This study demonstrates the advantages of BCC-RAD over RRTMG in certain aspects of the GRIST-simulated climate, verifying its capability for the climate-oriented configuration of GRIST.
The microbiologically influenced corrosion of 201 stainless steel by
was investigated via modulating the concentration of fumarate (electron acceptor) in the medium and constructing mutant strains ...induced by Δ
. The ICP-MS and electrochemical tests showed that the presence of
enhanced the degradation of the passive film; the lack of an electron acceptor further aggravated the effect and mainly affected the early stage of MIC. The electrochemical tests and atomic force microscopy characterization revealed that the ability of Δ
to transfer electrons to the passive film was significantly reduced in the absence of the c-type cytochrome
related to EET progress, leading to the lower corrosion rate of the steel.
•Jinan area experienced granulite facies metamorphism at ~8.5–7 kbar and 800-760 ℃.•The peak metamorphism occurred at1.87–1.84 Ga along with a clockwise P-T path.•Porphyritic granitoids intruded at ...1.87–1.84 Ga in a post collisional tectonic setting.•The post collisional igneous and metamorphic activities occurred simultaneously after collision.•This study suggests the existence of subduction before collision in the JLJB.
The Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt (JLJB) is a Paleoproterozoic collisional belt between the Longgang Block in the northeastern North China Craton and the Nangrim Massif on the Korean Peninsula. The Jinan area, located in the northeastern JLJB, was intruded by monzogranite at 2151 ± 6 Ma and then intruded again by porphyritic granites at 1842 ± 5 Ma in a postcollisional tectonic setting. The monzogranite and an associated gabbro were metamorphosed into metamonzogranite and metabasite at 1868 ± 11 Ma–1846 ± 3 Ma. Pelitic granulites occur together with the porphyritic granites. The pelitic granulites have peak metamorphic mineral assemblages of garnet + biotite + plagioclase + K-feldspar + sillimanite + quartz + ilmenite and underwent retrograde metamorphism, as evidenced by the presence of cordierite and muscovite. Pseudosection analysis of the granulites yields peak metamorphic conditions of ~8.5–7 kbar and 800–760 °C, and conventional geothermobarometry analysis of garnet rims and adjacent minerals yields retrograde metamorphic conditions of ~5–3.5 kbar and 740–680 °C. Dating of monazite from the two granulites demonstrates that peak metamorphism occurred between 1840 ± 2 Ma and 1847 ± 4 Ma. These results, together with the findings of previous studies, indicate that in the Liaodong and Jinan areas of the JLJB, igneous and metamorphic activities occurred together at ~1.85 Ga in a postcollisional tectonic setting, suggesting that collision between the Longgang Block and the Nangrim Massif occurred before ~1.85 Ga.
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