The La2O3 added in (80-x) B2O3:10SiO2:10 CaO:xLa2O3 glass (where x = 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mol%) were prepared by melt-quenching technique have been investigated for x-ray shielding, physical and ...optical properties. The density of the glass samples found to increase which increasing La2O3 concentrations. The transmission spectra result demonstrated that the glass samples had high transparency similar with commercial window, corresponding to high visibility in the visible region as already observed. The mass attenuation coefficient (µm) were increased with the decreasing of kilovoltage peak (kVp) of an x-ray instrument, and increased with the increasing of La2O3 concentration. The half value layer (HVL) and ten value layer (TVL) of glass samples trend to decrease when the kVp of an x-ray instrument decrease and La2O3 concentrations increase. The trend of lead equivalent increase which Ln2O3 concentrations and the kVp of an x-ray instrument increasing. All results indicating the potential of the prepared glasses as Pb-free and high visibility for diagnostic x-ray shielding material.
•La2O3 based glass were prepared.•Density of the glass increased with La2O3.•High transparency and visibility similar with commercial window.•Shielding properties increased with La2O3.•Prepared glasses as Pb-free and high visibility for diagnostic x-ray shielding material.
The Dy3+-doped yttrium calcium silicoborate glasses of composition of 25Y2O3 + 10CaO + 10SiO2 + (55-x)B2O3 + x Dy2O3, where x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mol%, have been synthesized and ...are characterized through optical, photoluminescence and X-ray induced luminescence properties. The Judd-Ofelt model has been adopted to evaluate the radiative properties of the 4F9/2 → 6HJ (J = 15/2, 13/2 and 11/2) emission transitions. The concentration quenching effect of Dy3+ ion concentration on the emissions from the 4F9/2 excited level is discussed in details. The luminescence decay curves of the 4F9/2 level transform from exponential to non-exponential nature for higher Dy3+ ion concentration. The yellow to blue (Y/B) intensity ratio, CIE Chromaticity coordinates and correlated color temperatures (CCT) were calculated from the emission spectra and were found that they fall in yellowish white light region. Thus, these results showed that the present YCaSBDy glasses could be aptly suitable for cool white light emitting diodes as well as glass scintillation applications.
•Dy3+-doped yttrium calcium silicoborate glasses were prepared and characterized.•Spectroscopic parameters were evaluated using Judd-Ofelt theory.•Strong visible emission at 574 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) has been found for YCaSBDy glasses.•The Y/B intensity ratios, CIE color coordinates and CCT values have been evaluated.•YCaSBDy glasses could be considered as a good candidate for cool white LED applications.
The effects of the BaO on the optical, physical and radiation shielding properties of the xBaO: 20ZnO: (80−x)B2O3, where x=5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mol%, were investigated. The glasses were developed by ...the conventional melt-quenching technique at 1400°C with high purity chemicals of H3BO3, ZnO, and BaSO4. The optical transparency of the glasses indicated that the glasses samples were high, as observed by visual inspections. The mass attenuation coefficients (µm), the effective atomic numbers (Zeff), and the effective electron densities (Ne) were increased with the increase of BaO concentrations, and the decrease of gamma-ray energy. The developed glass samples were investigated and compared with the shielding concretes and glasses in terms of half value layer (HVL). The overall results demonstrated that the developed glasses had good shielding properties, and highly practical potentials in the environmental friendly radiation shielding materials without an additional of Pb.
•xBaO: 20ZnO: (80−x) B2O3, where x=5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mol%, glasses were prepared.•The µm, Zeff and Ne were increased with increase BaO concentrations and decrease gamma-ray energy.•Glasses show excellent shielding properties compared with standard shielding materials.•Developed glasses will be practical potentials in the environmental friendly shielding material.
Gamma-ray exposure buildup factor (EBF) values and neutron shielding effectiveness of bismuth borosilicate (BBS) glass systems in composition (50−x)SiO2:15B2O3:2Al2O3:10CaO:23Na2O:xBi2O3 (where x=0, ...5, 10, 15 and 20mol%) were calculated. The EBF values were computed for photon energy 0.015–15MeV up to penetration depths of 40mfp (mean free path) by the geometrical progression (G-P) method. The EBF values were found dependent upon incident photon energy, penetration and bismuth molar concentration. In low- and high-energy photon regions, the EBF values were minimum whereas maximum in the intermediate-energy region. The fast neutron removal cross sections for energy 2–12MeV were calculated by the partial density method. The BBS glass with 20mol% Bi2O3 is found to be superior gamma-ray and neutron transparent shielding. The EBF values of the BBS glasses were compared with steel–magnetite concrete and lead. The investigation was carried out to explore the advantages of the BBS glasses in different radiation shielding applications.
•We reported gamma and neutron shielding of bismuth borosilicate glasses.•We found borosilicate glass with 20mol% Bi2O3 a superior shielding.•We report that Bi2O3 containing glasses are most promising shielding materials.•Buildup factors of glasses were compared with steel–magnetite concrete and lead.
The paper was reported on the spectrum results of Dy3+ (1.0 mol%) ions-doped Li2O–AlF3–NaF–KF–P2O5 (LANKPD) glass. The absorption spectrum was investigated in the UV–Vis–NIR region from 300 to ...2000 nm. Judd-Ofelt parameters, Ωλ (λ = 2,4,6) has been evaluated from absorption spectrum. Several J-O parameters: oscillator strength, radiative transition probability, stimulated emission cross section and branching ratio also observed. The Ω2 > Ω4 > Ω6 trend of J-O parameters for glass sample exhibits the good quality of host glass for using as an optical device application. The highest excitation spectrum showed at 351 nm for transition 6H5/2 → 6P7/2. The emission spectrum showed two major peaks corresponding to 483 nm blue emission (4F9/2 → 6H15/2) and 572 nm yellow emission (4F9/2 → 6H13/2). Moreover, the radioluminescence spectrum was measured and compared with the BGO scintillation crystal.
•Dy3+ doped Li2O–AlF3–NaF–KF–P2O5 (LANKPD) glass was prepared.•Ωλ (λ = 2,4,6) has been evaluated and found Ω2 > Ω4 > Ω6.•J-O parameters exhibits for using as an optical device.•The high emission of 483 nm (4F9/2. → 6H15/2) and 572 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) were observed.•RL was measured and compared with the BGO scintillation crystal.
Research highlights ao We change Bi2O3, PbO and BaO concentration in silicate glasses. ao The densities of Bi2O3 glasses more than PbO glasses and BaO glasses. ao The Um of Bi2O3 glasses and PbO ...glasses are comparable and more than BaO glasses. ao This suggests that Bi2O3 can replace PbO in radiation shielding glasses. The radiation shielding and optical properties of xBi2O3:(100-x)SiO2, xPbO:(100-x)SiO2 and xBaO:(100-x)SiO2 glass systems (where 30aCO12 x aCO1270 is the composition by weight%) have been investigated. Total mass attenuation coefficients ( mu m ) of glasses at 662keV were improved by increasing their Bi2O3 and PbO content, which raised the photoelectric absorption in glass matrices. Raising the BaO content to the same fraction range, however, brought no significant change to mu m . These results indicate that photon is strongly attenuated in Bi2O3 and PbO containing glasses, and but not in BaO containing glass. The results from the optical absorption spectra show an edge that was not sharply defined; clearly indicating the amorphous nature of glass samples. It is observed that the cutoff wavelength for Bi2O3 containing glass was longer than PbO and BaO containing glasses.
The research work emphasizes on physical and luminescence properties of oxide and oxyfluoride phosphate glasses and discusses the energy transfer between Gd3+ and Sm3+ ions. Lithium gadolinium oxide ...and oxy-fluoride phosphate glasses doped with Sm3+ ions were prepared by conventional melt quenching technique. Subsequently the physical and luminescence properties were investigated systematically to understand their behavior. The density of the prepared glass samples show high in oxide glasses as compared to oxy-fluoride glasses, and the density of both glass samples increase with increase in the Sm2O3 concentrations. In total, ten signature Sm3+ ion peaks were observed in the UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra. In photoluminescence spectra the oxy-fluoride glass samples show higher excitation and emissions intensity than oxide glasses. The emission intensity increases up to 1mol% concentration of Sm3+ ions and then decreases due to non-radiative energy transfers. The same is observed in case of radioluminescence emission spectra. The calculated J-O intensity parameters show Ω2 > Ω4 > Ω6 trend. From Judd-Ofelt analysis, these glasses exhibit high potential for using as laser host medium. The life time recorded at the excitation and emission wavelength 401 nm and 598 nm respectively and it is observed that the life time decreases with increase in the Sm3+ ions concentration. The CIE coordinates positioned in the orange region of CIE diagram. The properties evaluated in the present work indicate that these glasses can be a good candidate of orange LEDs applications.
Energy level diagram and Comparison of the Radioluminescence emission spectra at 1mol% Sm3+ concentration. Display omitted
•17Li2O:17Gd2O3/GdF3(66-x) P2O5:xSm2O3 were synthesized.•J-O (Ωλ) parameters for these glasses showed Ω2> Ω4> Ω6 trend.•Oxy-fluoride glass has less phonon energy and less non-radiative energy transfer.•The ratiative transition probability show high values for 4G5/2. → 6H7/2 transition.•The energy transfer between Sm3+ ions is confirmed using IH Fit.
Potassium aluminium gadolinium phosphate (KAGP) doped with difference contents of Sm
3+
ion were synthesized by melt-quenching technique. The samples were further used to measure some physical, ...optical and luminescence properties. Absorption spectra show the hypersensitive transitions
6
H
5/2
→
6
P
3/2
and
6
H
5/2
→
6
F
7/2
at the wavelengths 402 and 1233 nm respectively. The photoluminescence spectra were recorded under 401 nm excitation, displayed the emission bands at 562, 597, 644 and 703 nm that corresponding to the transitions
4
G
5/2
→
6
H
J
(J = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, 11/2) respectively, and the concentration quenching of Sm
3+
showed at 1.0 mol%. Using the highest concentration of Sm
3+
for emission spectra, Judd-Ofelt (J-O) analysis was performed to calculate the various radiative properties such as transition probabilities (A
R
), radiative lifetimes (τ
R
), branching ratios (β
R
) and stimulated emission cross-section (σ(λ
p
)) for different excited states. From the results of J-O parameter found to be Ω
2
> Ω
6
> Ω
4
and the highest value of radiative properties was
4
G
5/2
→
6
H
7/2
transition. The decay curve for lower concentration was single exponential and became non-exponential for higher concentrations of the
4
G
5/2
level. According to the chromaticity coordinates (Commission Internationale de l′Eclairage), it indicated that the KAGP glass doped Sm
3+
ion at 1.0 mol% lies in orange region. The KAGP glass doped concentration of Sm
3+
at 1.0 mol% has potential application in developing the orange laser and suitable for optical device also.
•P2O5-Gd2O3/GdF3-BaO-ZnO were synthesized by traditional melt quenching method.•The JO-parameter trend for both the glasses is Ω2> Ω4> Ω6.•The FWHM (full-width-half maximum) of ZBaOEr and ZBaFEr is ...51 nm and 45 nm•Bandwidth-quality where evaluated that are 249 and 274 for ZBaOEr and ZBaFEr.•The CIE color coordinates for various concentrations fall emit yellowish-green light.
We develop two Er3+-ions-doped Phosphate glass systems, 69 P2O5-10Gd2O3-10BaO-10ZnO-1Er2O3 and 69 P2O5-10GdF3-10BaO-10ZnO-1Er2O3, labeled as ZBaFEr and ZBaOEr, respectively, by the melt-quenching technique and study systematically their physical, optical, and luminescence properties such as densities, refractive indexes, ultraviolet-visible near-infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) absorption, photoluminescence spectra in Vis-NIR region, CIE coordinates and lifetime. The absorption spectra revealed the Er3+ peaks at 378, 405, 451, 489, 522, 652, 803, 978, and 1537 nm, attributed to the transition from 4I15/2 level to 4G11/2, 2G9/2, 4F5/2, 4F7/2, 2H11/2, 4F9/2, 4I9/2, 4I11/2 and 4I13/2 levels, respectively. We find that at 380-nm excitation, the emission peak at 1543 nm in the near-infra-red (NIR) region has a higher intensity for ZBaFEr than for the ZBaOEr. Furthermore, we employ the Judd-Ofelt (JO) and McCumber theory to study the stimulated emission cross-section for 4I13/2→4 I15/2 transitions of Er3+ ion. We find the bandwidth-quality FWHM x σemi(λ) to be 249 and 274 for ZBaOEr and ZBaFEr, respectively. The NIR-emission for both glasses covers the S-, C- and L-band of low-less-communication-window. The present results suggest that these glasses can be potentially used in optical amplifiers and tunable lasers.
The physical and luminescent properties of Sm3+-doped oxide and oxy-fluoride phosphate glasses were investigated. The glass samples with chemical composition of 69P2O5-10BaO-10ZnO-10Gd2O3-1Sm2O3 and ...69P2O5-10BaO-10ZnO-10GdF3-1Sm2O3 were prepared by conventional melt quenching technique. The prepared glass samples were characterized with density, molar volume, refractive index, FTIR, UV-Vis-NIR, photoluminescence, radio luminescence, decay time profile and CIE diagram. The density and refractive index of the oxide glass have higher values as compared to the oxy-fluoride glass. The FTIR spectra show the reduction of O-H group in oxy-fluoride glass. The characteristic peaks of Sm3+ are observed at 360, 372, 402, 438, 419, 473, 944, 1077, 1227, 1373, 1474, 1529 and 1585 nm in UV-VIS-NIR spectra. These peaks are related respectively to the transitions from ground state 6H5/2 to 4D3/2, 6P7/2, 6P3/2, 4I11/2, 6F11/2, 6F9/2, 6F7/2, 6F5/2, 6F3/2, 6H15/2 and 6F1/2 excited states. From photoluminescence and radio-luminescence it is observed that the oxy-fluoride glass samples show better emission intensity than the oxide glass. The Judd-Ofelt theory (J-O theory) was used to find J-O intensity Ωλ (λ = 2,4 and 6) parameters and radiative properties such as transition probability, stimulated emission cross section and branching ratios for titled glasses. The trend observed in the J-O parameters is Ω4 >Ω2 >Ω6. The transition probability, emission cross section and branching ratio have the highest values for the 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 transition. The CIE coordinates of the prepared glass samples are positioned in the orange region and the CCT value is 3776.105 for oxide and oxyfluoride glass. The oxy-fluoride glass has shorter decay time as compared to the oxide glass and it is recorded to be 1.62 and 1.32 ms for oxide and oxy-fluoride respectively. According to the results obtained in this work, it is obvious that these glass samples can be good candidate materials for producing cool orange light.
Display omitted Energy level of Gd3+/Sm3+ system.
