We present a detailed discussion on the doubly charmed baryon
Ξ
cc
production at the RHIC and LHC via the proton–nucleus (
p
–N) and nucleus–nucleus (N–N) collision modes. The extrinsic charm ...mechanism via the subprocesses
g
+
c
→
(
c
c
)
n
+
c
¯
and
c
+
c
→
(
c
c
)
n
+
g
together with the gluon-gluon fusion mechanism via the subprocess
g
+
g
→
(
c
c
)
n
+
c
¯
+
c
¯
have been taken into consideration, where the intermediate diquark is in
n
=
1
S
0
6
-state or
3
S
1
3
¯
-state, respectively. Total and differential cross sections have been discussed under various collision energies. To compare with the
Ξ
cc
production via proton-proton collision mode at the LHC, we observe that sizable
Ξ
cc
events can also be generated via
p
–N and N–N collision modes at the RHIC and LHC. For examples, about
8.1
×
10
7
and
6.7
×
10
7
Ξ
cc
events can be accumulated in
p
-Pb and Pb-Pb collision modes at the LHC within one operation year.
Mass spectra and wave functions of the
J
P
=
1
2
+
(
bcq
) baryons are calculated by the relativistic Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) with considering the mixing effects between the
1
+
and
0
+
(
bc
...)-diquarks inside. Based on the diquark picture, the three-body problem of baryons is transformed into two two-body problems. The BSE and wave functions of the
0
+
diquark are given, and then solved numerically to obtain the effective mass spectra and form factors. Also we present the wave functions at zero point for the (
bc
)-diquark. Considering the obtained diquark form factors, the (
bcq
) baryons are then described by the BSE as the bound state of a diquark and a light quark, where the interaction kernel includes the inner transitions between the
0
+
and
1
+
diquarks. The general wave function of the
1
2
+
(
bcq
) baryons is constructed and solved to obtain the corresponding mass spectra. Especially, by using the obtained wave functions, the mixing effects between
Ξ
bc
(
Ω
bc
)
and
Ξ
bc
′
(
Ω
bc
′
)
in ground states are computed and determined to be small (
∼
1
%
). The numerical results indicate that it is a good choice to take
Ξ
bc
and
Ξ
bc
′
as the baryon states with the inside (
bc
)-diquarks occupying the definite spin.
Basing on the systems of linear partial differential equations derived from Mellin-Barnes representations and Miller's transformation, we obtain GKZ-hypergeometric systems of one-loop self energy, ...one-loop triangle, two-loop vacuum, and two-loop sunset diagrams, respectively. The codimension of derived GKZ-hypergeometric system equals the number of independent dimensionless ratios among the external momentum squared and virtual mass squared. Taking GKZ-hypergeometric systems of one-loop self energy, massless one-loop triangle, and two-loop vacuum diagrams as examples, we present in detail how to perform triangulation and how to construct canonical series solutions in the corresponding convergent regions. The series solutions constructed for these hypergeometric systems recover the well known results in literature.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with enhanced NETosis and impaired degradation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside binding ...protein and is associated with neutrophil functions as well as involved in mediating autoimmune disorders. In this study, we plan to examine the associations of galectin-3 with the pathogenesis of SLE and NETosis. Galectin-3 expression levels were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients for the association with lupus nephritis (LN) or correlation of SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). NETosis was observed in human normal and SLE and murine galectin-3 knockout (Gal-3 KO) neutrophils. Gal-3 KO and wild-type (WT) mice induced by pristane were used to evaluate disease signs, including diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH), LN, proteinuria, anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody, citrullinated histone 3 (CitH3) levels, and NETosis. Galectin-3 levels are higher in PBMCs of SLE patients compared with normal donors and positively correlated with LN or SLEDAI-2K. Gal-3 KO mice have higher percent survival and lower DAH, LN proteinuria, and anti-RNP antibody levels than WT mice induced by pristane. NETosis and citH3 levels are reduced in Gal-3 KO neutrophils. Furthermore, galectin-3 resides in NETs while human neutrophils undergo NETosis. Galectin-3-associated immune complex deposition can be observed in NETs from spontaneously NETotic cells of SLE patients. In this study, we provide clinical relevance of galectin-3 to the lupus phenotypes and the underlying mechanisms of galectin-3-mediated NETosis for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting galectin-3 for SLE.
Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) is an inherited retinal disease (IRD) that causes night blindness in childhood with heterogeneous genetic, electrophysical, and clinical characteristics. ...The development of sequencing technologies and gene therapy have increased the ease and urgency of diagnosing IRDs. This study describes seven Taiwanese patients from six unrelated families examined at a tertiary referral center, diagnosed with CSNB, and confirmed by genetic testing. Complete ophthalmic exams included best corrected visual acuity, retinal imaging, and an electroretinogram. The effects of identified novel variants were predicted using clinical details, protein prediction tools, and conservation scores. One patient had an autosomal dominant CSNB with a
variant; five patients had complete CSNB with variants in
,
, and
; and one patient had incomplete CSNB with variants in
. The patients had Riggs and Schubert-Bornschein types of CSNB with autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked inheritance patterns. This is the first report of CSNB patients in Taiwan with confirmed genetic testing, providing novel perspectives on molecular etiology and genotype-phenotype correlation of CSNB. Particularly, variants in
,
, and
in our patient cohort have not previously been described, although their clinical significance needs further study. Additional study is needed for the genotype-phenotype correlation of different mutations causing CSNB. In addition to genetic etiology, the future of gene therapy for CSNB patients is reviewed and discussed.
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UCMSCs) have potential applications in regenerative medicine. UCMSCs have been demonstrated to repair tissue damage in many inflammatory and ...degenerative diseases. We have previously shown that UCMSC exosomes reduce nerve injury-induced pain in rats. In this study, we characterized UCMSC exosomes using RNA sequencing and proteomic analyses and investigated their protective effects on cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice. Two independent experiments were designed to investigate the protective effects on cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice: (i) chronic intraperitoneal cisplatin administration (4 mg/kg) once per day for 5 consecutive days and intraperitoneal UCMSC exosome (1.2 μg/μL) injection at the same time point; and (ii) UCMSC exosome (1.2 μg/μL) injection through a round window niche 3 days after chronic cisplatin administration. Our data suggest that UCMSC exosomes exert protective effects in vivo. The post-traumatic administration of UCMSC exosomes significantly improved hearing loss and rescued the loss of cochlear hair cells in mice receiving chronic cisplatin injection. Neuropathological gene panel analyses further revealed the UCMSC exosomes treatment led to beneficial changes in the expression levels of many genes in the cochlear tissues of cisplatin-injected mice. In conclusion, UCMSC exosomes exerted protective effects in treating ototoxicity-induced hearing loss by promoting tissue remodeling and repair.
We present an approach to analyze the scalar integrals of any Feynman diagrams in detail here. This method not only completely recovers some well-known results in the literature, but also produces ...some new results on the C0 function. The approach can be employed to evaluate the coefficient of arbitrary power of ε in the expansion of a scalar integral, where D=4−2ε denotes the time–space dimension.
The solution to the ‘1/2 vs 3/2’ puzzle Wang, Guo-Li; Li, Qiang; Wang, Tianhong ...
European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
11/2022, Letnik:
82, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Using an almost complete relativistic method based on the Bethe–Salpeter equation, we study the mixing angle
θ
, the mass splitting
△
M
, the strong decay widths
Γ
(
D
1
(
′
)
)
and the weak ...production rates
B
r
(
B
→
D
1
(
′
)
ℓ
ν
ℓ
)
of the
D
1
(
2420
)
and
D
1
′
(
2430
)
. We find there is the strong cancellation between the
1
P
1
and
3
P
1
partial waves in
D
1
′
(
2430
)
with
θ
∼
-
35
.
3
∘
, which leads to the ‘1/2 vs 3/2’ puzzle. The puzzle can not be overcome by adding only relativistic corrections since in a large parameter range where
△
M
is linear varying and not small, the
θ
,
Γ
(
D
1
(
′
)
)
and
B
r
(
B
→
D
1
(
′
)
ℓ
ν
ℓ
)
remain almost unchanged but conflict with data. While in a special range around the mass inverse point where
△
M
=
0
and
θ
=
±
90
∘
, they change rapidly but we find the windows where
△
M
,
Γ
(
D
1
(
′
)
)
and
B
r
(
B
→
D
1
(
′
)
ℓ
ν
ℓ
)
are all consistent with data. The small
△
M
confirmed by experiment, is crucial to solve the ‘1/2 vs 3/2’ puzzle.
We give a systematical study on the recently reported excited charm and charm–strange mesons with potential
1
-
spin–parity, including the
D
s
1
∗
(
2700
)
+
,
D
s
1
∗
(
2860
)
+
,
D
∗
(
2600
)
0
,
D
...∗
(
2650
)
0
,
D
1
∗
(
2680
)
0
and
D
1
∗
(
2760
)
0
. The main strong decay properties are obtained in the framework of Bethe–Salpeter (BS) methods. Our results reveal that the two
1
-
charm–strange mesons can be well described by the further
2
3
S
1
–
1
3
D
1
mixing scheme with a mixing angle of
(
8
.
7
-
3.2
+
3.9
)
∘
. The predicted decay ratio
B
(
D
∗
K
)
B
(
D
K
)
for
D
s
1
∗
(
2860
)
is
0
.
62
-
0.12
+
0.22
.
D
∗
(
2600
)
0
can also be explained as the
2
3
S
1
predominant state with a mixing angle of
-
(
7
.
5
-
3.3
+
4.0
)
∘
. Considering the mass range,
D
∗
(
2650
)
0
and
D
1
∗
(
2680
)
0
are more likely to be the
2
3
S
1
predominant states, although the total widths under the two
2
3
S
1
and
1
3
D
1
assignments have no great conflict with the current experimental data. The calculated width for the LHCb
D
1
∗
(
2760
)
0
seems to be about 100 MeV larger than the experimental measurement if taking it as
1
3
D
1
or
1
3
D
1
dominant state
c
u
¯
. The comparisons with other calculations and several important decay ratios are also presented. For the identification of these
1
-
charm mesons, further experimental information, such as
B
(
D
π
)
B
(
D
∗
π
)
, is necessary.
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