Summary
The dyskeratosis congenita 1 (DKC1) gene is located on the X chromosome at Xq28. Dyskerin encoded by the DKC1 gene is associated with the formation of certain small RNAs and the telomerase ...activity. Inherited mutations in DKC1 inactivate the dyskerin and causes dyskeratosis congenital, which is characterized by skin defects, hematopoiesis failure, and increased susceptibility to cancer. DKC1 reportedly up-regulates in several human cancers, including renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer. Dyskerin is deregulated in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia and breast carcinomas, but its expression and function in glioma have hardly been investigated. Hence, we were prompted to collect tissue samples and implement cell experiments. Our study reveals that DKC1 expression is significantly increased in the pathological tissues of glioma compared with that in normal tissues. The increased staining of DKC1 is related to the World Health Organization stages of tumors. DKC1 knockdown also significantly inhibits glioma cell growth by altering the expression of cell cycle-relative molecules to arrest at the G1 phase. In the transwell chamber, DKC1 knockdown glioma cells exhibit low motility. Consistent with classic oncogenic pathways, N-cadherin, HIF-1α, and MMP2 expression levels are lower compared with those of the control group. Therefore, DKC1 up-regulation in gliomas is common and necessary for extensive tumor growth. The phenotype of glioma cell lines after DKC1 down-regulation suggests its use as a valuable clinical treatment strategy.
•The incidence of suicide death among patients with cancer was disturbingly high, with 39.72 per 100,000 person-years.•The reported rate of suicide varied in different geographic region and ...site-specific cancers remarkably.•Suicide rate in cancer patients decreases with years after diagnosis, with the highest rate in the first six months.
Growing evidence indicated the higher risk of suicide in cancer survivors compared with general population. Our aim is to systematically quantify the extent of suicide death and identify risk factors associated with the incidence of suicide in cancer patients.
We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant studies published in English or Chinese before May 20, 2020. Suicide rate and the number of suicide death were extracted. Our main outcome was suicide rate per 100,000 person-years with 95% CIs using random-effects model.
The pooled incidence of suicide death was 39.72 per 100,000 person-years (95%CI, 33.91–46.52, I 2= 99.6%, P <0 .001). The suicide rate for cancer patients was higher in men (57.78, 95%CI, 47.31–70.56) than in women (14.47, 95%CI, 11.27–18.57). For both sexes combined, esophagus cancer had the highest rate of suicide (87.71, 95%CI, 27.42–280.54). By sex, suicide rates ranked first in males and females were pancreas cancer (195.70, 95%CI, 129.55–295.61) and esophagus cancer (18.34, 95%CI, 5.92–56.84), respectively. The highest suicide rate was 61.02(95%CI, 53.66–69.40) in Asia, and Oceania (24.07, 95%CI, 20.78–27.88) had lowest suicide rate. Suicide rate had a downward trend by years after diagnosis, with the first six months after cancer diagnosis clearly standing out (89.33, 95%CI, 50.64–157.58).
Included studies came from high-income countries and our results might not represent the suicide rate among cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries.
The incidence of suicide among cancer patients was high despite the declined trend recent years, which emphasized psychological health aspects of interventions and perfecting suicide prevention programs.
In this study, we report a simple and efficient two-step method consisting of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion technique and subsequent annealing process for synthesizing the hollow reduced graphene oxide ...microspheres embedded with Ni nanoparticles (Air@rGO€Ni). The microspheres showed good electromagnetic properties because of the coexistence of magnetic loss and dielectric loss to microwaves. The minimum reflection loss (RL
min
) value of Air@rGO€Ni microsphere reaches up to − 59.7 dB at 11.6 GHz with a thickness of 2.7 mm and an absorption bandwidth (lower than − 10 dB) is 4.8 GHz (9.4–14.2 GHz). Their resistance to chemical corrosion is amazingly, after treatment in hydrochloric acid for 5 days, the saturation magnetization (Ms) values of Air@rGO€Ni microsphere has fallen only six percentage points. More interestingly, we can easily controll the microwave absorbing properties of the microspheres by changing the ratio of the two components in the composites. The unique 3D structure and excellent electromagnetic match at the corresponding resonance peaks for dielectric and magnetic loss play an important role in improving microwave absorption property. Our study provides a good potential method for preparation of lightweight microwave absorbing materials.
In this study, we report a simple and efficient two-step method consisting of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion technique and subsequent annealing process for synthesizing the hollow reduced graphene oxide ...microspheres embedded with Co nanoparticles (Air@rGO€Co). The microspheres showed good electromagnetic properties because of the coexistence of magnetic loss and dielectric loss to microwaves. The minimum reflection loss (RL
) value of S
reaches -68.1 dB at 13.8 GHz with a thickness of 2.2 mm, and the absorption bandwidth (lower than -10 dB) is 7.1 GHz covering from 10.9 GHz to 18.0 GHz. More interestingly, we can easily controll the microwave absorbing properties of the microspheres by changing the ratio of the two components in the composites. The excellent electromagnetic match at the corresponding resonance peaks for dielectric and magnetic loss play an important role in improving microwave absorption property. Our study provides a good potential method for preparation of lightweight microwave absorbing materials.
Matrimony vine-like α-Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide have been prepared by a facile method, followed by transformation into Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide through annealing at 500 °C with the particle ...size and morphology significantly unchanged. By changing the mass ratio of iron oxide, the hybrids display optimal electromagnetic wave absorption performance. The maximum reflection loss value of α-Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide is −46.6 dB at 5.6 GHz with a thickness of 4.0 mm and the highest effective absorption bandwidth reaches 4.9 GHz at the thickness of 1.8 mm. Interestingly, after annealing treatment, the hybrids in which α-Fe2O3 were converted into Fe3O4 exhibit an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.6 GHz and the maximum reflection loss value reaches −42.8 dB at 13.3 GHz with the thickness of only 1.8 mm, indicating Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide can be used as an efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing material in high temperature and moisture environment, where Fe3O4 will be oxidized into α-Fe2O3. Results show the enhancement of electromagnetic wave absorption performance originates from synergistic effects of dielectric loss and magnetic loss. Our study provides a potential method for preparing environmental resistance electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.
Display omitted
•Matrimony vine-like α-Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide was prepared by facile and scalable method.•By annealing treatment, α-Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide was converted into Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide.•The obtained products both show enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption properties.•Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide absorber can be used in harsh environment.
The molecular basis for the diversity across influenza strains is poorly understood. To gain insight into this question, we mutagenized the viral genome and sequenced recoverable viruses. Only two ...small regions in the genome were enriched for insertions, the hemagglutinin head and the immune-modulatory nonstructural protein 1. These proteins play a major role in host adaptation, and thus need to be able to evolve rapidly. We propose a model in which certain influenza A virus proteins (or protein domains) exist as highly plastic scaffolds, which will readily accept mutations yet retain their functionality. This model implies that the ability to rapidly acquire mutations is an inherent aspect of influenza HA and nonstructural protein 1 proteins; further, this may explain why rapid antigenic drift and a broad host range is observed with influenza A virus and not with some other RNA viruses.
Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is emerging as a promising therapeutic approach for acute ischemic stroke and show some advantages. However, the data of predicting clinical outcome after ...thrombectomy with Solitaire retriever were limited. We attempt to identify prognostic factors of clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy with Solitaire retriever.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive acute ischemic strokes cases treated between December 2010 and December2013 where the Solitaire stent retriever was used for acute ischemic stroke. We assessed the effect of selected demographic characteristics, clinical factors on poor outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin score 3-6), mortality at 3 months, and hemorrhage within 24 h (symptomatic and asymptomatic). Clinical, imaging and logistic variables were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables influencing clinical outcome, based on discharge NIHSS score change and mRS at 3 months.
Eighty nine consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke underwent mechanical thrombectomy. Multivariate analysis revealed that admission NIHSS score, Serum glucose and endovascular procedure duration were independently associated with clinical outcome. Sex, NIHSS score at admission, diabetes and time of operation were associated with sICH in 1 day. NIHSS score ≥20 (OR 9.38; 95% CI 2.41-36.50), onset to reperfusion >5 hours (OR 5.23; 95% CI1.34,20.41) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (OR 10.19; 95% CI1.80,57.83) were potential predictive factors of mortality at 3 months.
Multiple pre- and intra-procedural factors can be used to predict clinical outcome, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular therapy. This knowledge is helpful for patients selection for endovascular mechanical thrombectomy.
Identification of genomic mutations by molecular testing plays an important role in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of myeloid neoplasms. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is an efficient method ...for simultaneous detection of clinically significant genomic mutations with high sensitivity. Various NGS based in-house developed and commercial myeloid neoplasm panels have been integrated into routine clinical practice. However, some genes frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies are particularly difficult to sequence with NGS panels (e.g., CEBPA, CARL, and FLT3). We report development and validation of a 48-gene NGS panel that includes genes that are technically challenging for molecular profiling of myeloid neoplasms including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Target regions were captured by hybridization with complementary biotinylated DNA baits, and NGS was performed on an Illumina NextSeq500 instrument. A bioinformatics pipeline that was developed in-house was used to detect single nucleotide variations (SNVs), insertions/deletions (indels), and FLT3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD). An analytical validation study was performed on 184 unique specimens for variants with allele frequencies ≥5%. Variants identified by the 48-gene panel were compared to those identified by a 35-gene hematologic neoplasms panel using an additional 137 unique specimens. The developed assay was applied to a large cohort (n = 2,053) of patients with suspected myeloid neoplasms. Analytical validation yielded 99.6% sensitivity (95% CI: 98.9-99.9%) and 100% specificity (95% CI: 100%). Concordance of variants detected by the 2 tested panels was 100%. Among patients with suspected myeloid neoplasms (n = 2,053), 54.5% patients harbored at least one clinically significant mutation: 77% in AML patients, 48% in MDS, and 45% in MPN. Together, these findings demonstrate that the assay can identify mutations associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options of myeloid neoplasms even in technically challenging genes.
High primary rock stress can limit the generation of rock cracks caused by blasting, and blasting usually shows different rock breaking states under different primary rock stress conditions. There ...are a large number of naturally formed joints in rock mass, due to the limitations of laboratory tests, a numerical model of jointed rock mass was established using LS-DYNA software to investigate the evolution of blasting damage under various in-situ stresses and open joints. In this simulation, using the Lagrange-Euler (ALE) procedure and the equation of state (JWL) that defines explosive materials, the study considered different joint thicknesses (2cm, 4cm, and 6cm), joint angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°), and in-situ stress conditions (lateral stress coefficients of 0.5, 1, and 2, with vertical in-situ stresses of 10MPa and 20MPa), through stress analysis and damage area comparison, the relationship between damage crack propagation and horizontal and vertical stress difference is explored. The research aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying crack initiation and propagation. The results show that: (1) The presence of joints exerts a barrier effect on the expansion and penetration of cracks. When explosion stress waves reach the joint surface, their propagation is impeded, leading to the diffusion of wing cracks at the joint ends. When the lateral stress coefficient and joint angle are the same, an increase in initial in-situ stress results in a reduction in the area of the blasting damage zone. (2) Under the same initial in-situ stress conditions, the area of the blasting damage zone initially increases and then decreases with an increasing joint angle. However, it remains larger than that without a joint, and there exists an optimal angle that maximizes the damage area. In the simulated conditions, the area of damage cracks is greatest when the joint angle is 60° dip angle. (3) The presence of initial in-situ stress has a certain impact on the initiation and expansion of blasting cracks. The degree and nature of this influence are not solely related to the lateral stress coefficient but also depend on the joint's angle and thickness. When in-situ stress is present, the initial in-situ stress field's pressure is not conducive to the initiation and propagation of blasting cracks. However, the existence of a joint has a noticeable guiding and promoting effect on crack propagation, and the pattern of crack propagation is influenced by both joint and in-situ stress conditions.
A new iron(III) complex (1) of 5-nitro-8-hydroxylquinoline (HNOQ) was synthesized and structurally characterized in its solid state and solution state by IR, UV-Vis, electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS, ...elemental analysis, conductivity and X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The DNA binding study suggested that complex 1 interacted with calf thymus (ct)-DNA mainly via an intercalative binding mode. By 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the in vitro cytotoxicity of complex 1, comparing with HNOQ and cisplatin, was screened towards a series of tumor cell lines as well as the normal liver cell line HL-7702. Complex 1 showed higher cytotoxicity towards the tested tumor cell lines but lower cytotoxicity towards HL-7702 than HNOQ, in which the T-24 was the most sensitive cell line for 1. Complex 1 caused G2 phase cell cycle arrest and induced cell apoptosis in T-24 cells in a dose-dependent mode, evidenced by changes in cell morphology. Targeting the mitochondrial pathway due to the redox potential of Fe(III)/Fe(II), the apoptotic mechanism in T-24 cells treated by 1 was investigated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, intracellular Ca2+ measurement and caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity assay. It suggested that complex 1 induced cell apoptosis by triggering the caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation via a mitochondrion-mediated pathway.
PDF
