To study the respiratory system injury in fur processing environment.
Environmental fungal survey was conducted in the fur processing procedures. Investigation of respiratory symptoms and chest X-ray ...examination were also carried out in 138 fur processing workers and 40 control workers. At the same time, the serum antibodies to fungi were analyzed by ELISA.
Fungal number(629-3,681 cfu/m3) in fur processing procedures was much higher than those in the control environment. Cladosporium and Alternaria were the leading strains of fungi in fur processing procedures. The rates of respiratory symptoms(cough, sputum, chest tightness, dyspnea, and fever) in fur processing workers were higher than those in the control workers. The rates of the symptoms in female workers were 37.9%, 28.4%, 10.5%, 22.1%, 4.2%, respectively. Abnormalities of chest X ray were found in 7 workers. The serum antibodies to Cladosporium and Alternaria(A450 nm 0.631, 0.724, respectively) in fur workers were significantly higher than those in the
The title compound, C(7)H(7)N(11)O(11)·C(3)H(6)O, consisting of one mol-ecule of 10-formyl-2,4,6,8,12-penta-nitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexa-azatetra-cyclo-5.5.0.0(5,9).0(3,11)dodecane ...(penta-nitro-mono-form-yl-hexa-aza-isowurtzitane, PNMFIW) and one acetone solvent mol-ecule, is a member of the caged hexa-azaisowurtzitane family. PNMFIW has a cage structure which is constructed from one six-membered and two five-membered rings which are linked by a C-C bond, thus creating two seven-membered rings. In the PNMFIW mol-ecule, one formyl group is bonded to the N heteroatom of the six-membered cycle, and five nitro groups are appended to other five N heteroatom of the caged structure. The acetone solvent mol-ecule is arranged beside a five-membered plane of PNMFIW with an O atom and an H atom close (with respect to the sum of the van der Waals radii) to the neighbouring nitro O atom O⋯O = 2.957 (3) and 2.852 (3) Å; O⋯ H = 2.692 (2), 2.526 (3) and 2.432 (3) Å.
To investigate the early recognition and management of acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) to improve maternal and fetal survival.
Eight cases of AFLP seen in our hospital during the past three ...years were studied retrospectively. Symptoms, laboratory findings, timing of liver biopsy, and maternal and fetus outcome were assessed.
The mean gestational age at onset was 34 +/- 2 weeks. All cases were primigravida. In the early stages, all patients presented malaise, nausea, vomiting and epigastric distress followed by jaundice in the third trimester of pregnancy.
all had raised transaminases and serum bilirubin (32.5-510.8 mumol/L), hypoalbuminemia (22.4-30.0 g/L), hypofibrinogenemia (< 180 mg/dl), prolonged prothrombin time and prolonged partial thromboplastin time. Maternal complication included hepatic encephalopathy (6 cases), ascites (6), hypoglycemia (5), hematemesis (2), and postpartum hemorrhage (5) and preeclampsia (4). Emergency cesarean section was performed in 3 cases. One mother died of fulminant hepatic failure and the others survived. There was no fetus death. Liver biopsy was done on the 5th to 15th postpartum day in 8 cases.
With increasing awareness, especially in the early recognition of milder cases, and prompt progressive management including early termination of pregnancy by cesarean section and large dose infusion of fresh frozen plasma and albumin alternately, the prognosis of AFLP can be improved.
Insect herbivores often secrete glucose oxidase (GOX) onto
plants to counteract plant defenses and potential pathogens. Whether generalist
herbivores always have significantly higher GOX activities ...than their specialist
counterparts at any comparable stage or conditions and how this is realized remain
unknown. To address these two general questions, we subjected larvae of a pair of sister
species differed mainly in host range, the generalist Helicoverpa armigera and its
specialist counterpart Helicoverpa assulta, to the same sets of stage, protein to
digestible carbohydrate (P:C) ratio, allelochemical or host plant treatments for
simultaneous analyses of GOX transcripts and activities in their labial glands. GOX
activity and transcripts are upregulated concurrently with food ingestion and body
growth, downregulated with stopping ingestion and wandering for pupation in both
species. The three tested host plants upregulated GOX transcripts, and to a lesser extent,
GOX activity in both species. There were significant differences in both GOX
transcripts and activity elicited by allelochemicals, but only in GOX transcripts by P:C
ratios in both species. GOX activities were higher in H. armigera than H. assulta in all
the comparable treatments, but GOX transcripts were significantly higher either in
generalists or in specialists, depending on the developmental stages, host plants, P:C
ratio and allelochemicals they encounter. These data indicate that the greater GOX
activity in generalist herbivores is not achieved by greater transcription rate, but by
greater transcript stability, greater translation rate, better enzyme stability and/or their
combination.
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