Incorporating biomolecules into metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as exoskeletons to form biomolecules‐MOFs biohybrids has attracted great attention as an emerging class of advanced materials. Organic ...devices have been shown as powerful platforms for next‐generation bioelectronics, such as wearable biosensors, tissue engineering constructs, and neural interfaces. Herein, biomolecules‐incorporated MOFs as innovative gating module is realized for the first time, which is exemplified by biocatalytic precipitation (BCP)‐oriented horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐embedded zeolitic imidazolate framework‐90 (HRP@ZIF‐90)/CdIn2S4 gated organic photoelectrochemical transistor under light illumination. In connection to a sandwich immunocomplexing targeting the model analyte human IgG, the IgG‐dependent generation of H2O2 and the tandem HRP‐triggered BCP reaction can cause the in situ blocking of the pore network of ZIF‐90, leading to variant gating effect with corresponding responses of the device. This representative biodetection achieved good analytical performance with a wide linear range and a low detection limit of 100 fg mL−1. In the view of the plentiful biomolecule‐MOF complexes and their potential interactions with organic systems, this study provides a proof‐of‐concept study for the generic development of biomolecules‐MOFs‐gated electronics and beyond.
Herein, biomolecules‐incorporated MOFs as innovative gating module is realized for the first time, which is exemplified by biocatalytic precipitation‐oriented horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐embedded zeolitic imidazolate framework‐90 (HRP@ZIF‐90)/CdIn2S4 gated organic photoelectrochemical transistor under light illumination. By linking with a sandwich immunoassay, the proposed biosensor achieved good analytical performance at zero gate bias.
Reported is a general procedure to synthesize tetrasubstituted enones, which are borylated in the β‐position, using a copper‐catalyzed four‐component coupling reaction of simple chemical feedstocks: ...internal alkynes, alkyl halides, bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2pin2), and CO. A broad scope of highly functionalized β‐borylated enones, a largely unknown class of organic compounds, can be accessed efficiently using this method. The synthesis of all‐carbon tetrasubstituted enones was realized by employing the β‐borylated enone unit, without purification, in a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. The utility of the method was further demonstrated by various transformations, including halogenation, oxidation, and protodeboration, of the corresponding reduced oxaborole species to provide densely substituted allylic alcohol and ketone products.
Four bits: A copper‐catalyzed four‐component coupling reaction of alkynes, alkyl halides, B2pin2, and CO enables modular synthesis of β‐borylated tetrasubstituted enones. The reaction employs readily available feedstocks and proceeds under mild reaction conditions. The utility of this method was demonstrated by various transformations of the borylated products.
•Zein/ carboxymethyl dextrin nanoparticles were fabricated to deliver curcumin.•Addition of carboxymethyl dextrin enhanced encapsulation efficiency of curcumin.•Complex nanoparticles improved ...stability and antioxidant activity of curcumin.•Complex nanoparticles delayed release of curcumin in gastrointestinal fluids.
In this work, zein/carboxymethyl dextrin nanoparticles were successfully fabricated at different zein to carboxymethyl dextrin (CMD) mass ratios. Zein/CMD nanoparticles with the negative charge and the smallest size (212 nm) were formed when the mass ratio of zein to CMD was 2:1, exhibiting improved encapsulation efficiency of curcumin (85.5%). Electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions were main driven forces for nanoparticles formulation and curcumin encapsulation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy determined curcumin might be partially embedded in CMD during encapsulation. The spherical structures of zein/CMD nanoparticles and curcumin-loaded zein/CMD nanoparticles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The photothermal stability and antioxidant activity of curcumin were significantly enhanced after be loaded in zein/CMD nanoparticles. Furthermore, encapsulation of curcumin in zein/CMD nanoparticles significantly delayed the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. These results indicated that zein/CMD nanoparticles could be effective encapsulating materials for bioactive compounds in food industry.
Existing clinical studies supported the potential efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells as well as derived exosomes in the treatment of COVID-19. We aimed to explore the safety and efficiency of ...aerosol inhalation of the exosomes derived from human adipose-derived MSCs (haMSC-Exos) in patients with COVID-19.
The MEXCOVID trial is a phase 2a single-arm, open-labelled, interventional trial and patients were enrolled in Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China. Eligible 7 patients were assigned to receive the daily dose of haMSCs-Exos (2.0 × 10
nano vesicles) for consecutively 5 days. The primary outcomes included the incidence of prespecified inhalation-associated events and serious adverse events. We also observed the demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory results including lymphocyte count, levels of D-dimer and IL-6 as well as chest imaging.
Seven severe COVID-19 related pneumonia patients (4 males and 3 females) were enrolled and received nebulized haMSC-Exos. The median age was 57 year (interquartile range (IQR), 43 year to 70 year). The median time from onset of symptoms to hospital admission and administration of nebulized haMSC-Exos was 30 days (IQR, 15 days to 40 days) and 54 d (IQR, 34 d to 69 d), respectively. All COVID-19 patients tolerated the haMSC-Exos nebulization well, with no evidence of prespecified adverse events or clinical instability during the nebulization or during the immediate post-nebulization period. All patients presented a slight increase of serum lymphocyte counts (median as 1.61 × 10
/L vs. 1.78 × 10
/L). Different degrees of resolution of pulmonary lesions after aerosol inhalation of haMSC-Exos were observed among all patients, more obviously in 4 of 7 patients.
Our trial shows that a consecutive 5 days inhalation dose of clinical grade haMSC-Exos up to a total amount of 2.0 × 10
nano vesicles was feasible and well tolerated in seven COVID-19 patients, with no evidence of prespecified adverse events, immediate clinical instability, or dose-relevant toxicity at any of the doses tested. This safety profile is seemingly followed by CT imaging improvement within 7 days. Further trials will have to confirm the long-term safety or efficacy in larger population.
MEXCOVID, NCT04276987.
Isoquinoline alkaloids, an important class of N‐based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted considerable attention from researchers worldwide since the early 19th century. Over the past 200 years, ...many compounds from this class were isolated, and most of them and their analogs possess various bioactivities. In this review, we survey the updated literature on bioactive alkaloids and highlight research achievements of this alkaloid class during the period of 2014–2018. We reviewed over 400 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, antidiabetic and its complications, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, insecticidal, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and other activities. This review should provide new indications or directions for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloids.
This study proposes an improved temperature and emissivity separation (TES) algorithm for simultaneously retrieving the land surface temperature and emissivity (LST&E) from the Advanced Himawari ...Imager (AHI) data, including a modified water vapor scaling (WVS) method and a calibrated empirical relationship over vegetated surfaces. The modified WVS algorithm is comparable to the original WVS algorithm in deriving the LST&E but expands the application scope of the original WVS algorithm. The calibrated empirical relationship improved the LST&E and retrieval accuracy over vegetated surfaces by up to 0.165 K and 0.004, respectively. Comprehensive validation and evaluation are conducted in this study. In situ measurements from three networks are collected for the temperature-based validation. The bias and RMSE are 0.19 and 2.93 K in the daytime, and −0.43 and 1.95 K in the nighttime, respectively. Radiance-based LST validation shows that the bias and RMSE are 0.25 and 1.88 K, respectively. In addition, the AHI LST is evaluated using the MYD11 LST over large inland lakes, and the bias and RMSE are 0.25 and 1.12 K, respectively. The AHI LST is also compared to the MYD21 LST. The spatial distributions of the two LSTs are similar, and the LST differences are mostly within 4 K. The bias of the AHI LST ranges from −0.57 to 0.36 K, and the RMSE ranges from 1.7 to 2.64 K. The retrieved AHI LSE is compared with the latest MYD21 LSE. The biases and RMSEs are smaller than 0.005 and 0.014, respectively, for the three AHI bands. The improved TES algorithm is proven to be capable of obtaining accurate LST and LSE from AHI data.
Recently, biomass-derived carbon absorbing materials have received extensive attention due to their diverse structures, wide sources and low cost. However, it is still a great challenge to construct ...high-efficiency biomass-based absorbers with hierarchical and multi-component micro-nanoarchitecture. To this end, a novel Co @ mesoporous C/macroporous C sheet hybrid was successfully prepared by in-situ self-assembly of ZnCo MOF nanosheet arrays on biomass-derived porous carbon sheets via hydrothermal and pyrolysis methods. By tuning the molar ratio of Zn2+ to Co2+ ions, the optimal RLmin value was up to −66.9 dB and a wide EAB of 5.6 GHz was simultaneously obtained at the filler loading of 12 wt%. The results showed that this unique 3D micro-nanostructure possessed larger specific surface area, rich heterogeneous interfaces, massive defects and multi-level porosity, which was favorable for multiple reflection and scattering, dielectric loss, magnetic loss, as well as impedance matching. As a consequence, the as-prepared composites displayed significantly enhanced microwave absorption performance than the pristine biomass carbon. In this regard, the integration of MOF monomer and biomass matrix is expected to provide new guidance for the design of hierarchical multi-scale porous heterostructures as lightweight and enhanced microwave absorbing materials.
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•The synthesis process was low-cost, facile and green.•The RLmin of −66.9 dB and EAB of 5.6 GHz were achieved at a filling ratio of 12%.•A novel MOF/biomass absorber with multi-level pore structure was fabricated.
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