The main research objective was to analyze and evaluate different systems of table egg production by using the multiple criteria analysis, the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in decision ...making within strategic planning of production. The survey involved 79 producers of table eggs registered in the Records on laying hens’ farms in the Republic of Croatia. In the first stage, the research defined the criteria and sub-criteria for system evaluation which were compared in pairs in order to determine the weight or importance for each of them. Alternatives were evaluation based on definition of priorities of examinees and the extent to which they meet each of the defined criteria and sub-criteria. Intensity of examinees’ preferences were entered into the Expert Choice software in order to evaluate ranking results of egg production systems. Defined model consisted of a quantitative criterion of economic indicators, and the other two referred to qualitative criteria, market indicators and technical-technological factors. Each criterion had its corresponding sub-criteria that were evenly distributed in numerical order. Based on individual assessments of the examinees, overall cumulative evaluation was obtained for the table egg production systems. Accordingly, the most acceptable alternative to egg production is the indoor keeping system (priority 0.301). It is followed by the free-range system of keeping laying hens (priority 0.253). The third-ranked alternative is egg production by hens kept in conventional cages (priority 0.226), while the fourth-ranked least acceptable alternative, as of the total evaluation, is the ecological system of egg production (priority 0.220). Taking into account the obtained results of multiple criteria evaluation as well as EU and world trends in changing consumers’ habits including food safety and quality as well as customers’ preferences towards local market and local products, it is recommended that eggs should be produced by laying hens kept in an indoor keeping system. In this sense, organized egg production on small farms in an indoor keeping system offers a possibility for self-employment serving as a source of additional income certainly has great potentials for development.
There are limited data on Croatian consumers' preferences and willingness to pay for fresh meat from the Black Slavonian pig. The survey was conducted on a sample of
= 410 Croatian consumers, using a ...hypothetical choice experiment to examine how food attributes and information treatment influence consumers' decisions regarding fresh ham meat of the Black Slavonian pig. The hypothetical choice experiment was conducted using fresh boneless pork ham with three attributes (price, colour and geographical information) as the focuses of the product. Croatian consumers were randomly assigned to one of two treatment options (control or information) in an online survey to investigate the role of information. Our results indicate that Croatian consumers have a clear preference for fresh boneless ham from the Black Slavonian pig produced in both production systems and labelled as reared in continental Croatia and with a protected designation of origin (PDO) label, compared with fresh boneless ham produced from conventionally reared pigs (intensive rearing-indoor rearing) without the label. The results show that the information given to consumers about the production system, meat colour and geographical information positively influenced consumer choice. Appropriate labelling and information about the product can positively influence consumers' preferences, which indicates the importance of highlighting the traditional characteristics (production system, darker colour of the meat and production area) of fresh meat from Black Slavonian pig on the label in promotional activities.
This study investigated the attitudes of Croatian consumers regarding their preferences for cured meat products from the Black Slavonian Pig. The survey was conducted on a sample of 410 consumers who ...completed an online survey about their consumption habits, knowledge about the pig breed, and socio-demographic characteristics. In this study, the independent samples t-test and ANOVA were conducted to determine the significant differences between the most important attributes in the purchase of cured Black Slavonian Pig products and the socio-demographic characteristics, consumption, and purchase habits of the respondents. Statistically significant differences were found between the studied intrinsic (color, odor, fat content, and salt content) and extrinsic variables (production method, brand, quality mark, and origin) in relation to the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents (gender, age, employment status, number of household members, and number of children under 15 in the household) and place of purchase, knowledge about the breed, and frequency of consumption of Black Slavonian Pig meat and products. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to determine the consumer segments. Based on the responses received, three homogeneous consumer segments were identified: intrinsically oriented meat consumers, extrinsically oriented meat consumers, and uninterested meat consumers. The information obtained in the study is important for producers and retailers, as they can use our findings to develop successful marketing tools and different marketing strategies to promote cured Black Slavonian Pig products.
Mushroom growing, as a branch of agriculture has been rapidly developing in recent years. Emphasis is particularly put on the application of technology that can accelerate the production process to ...increase yield and to minimize human labor invested in production. Mushroom production was analyzed on a farm with a monthly production of 15,000 kg or an annual production of 180,000 kg. The calculations were based on the defined difference between the costs of manual labor and machine service invested in the mushroom growing room. The break-even point or the coverage point was set at 83,414 kg, referring to the production level with the same manual and machine work costs. Machine refilling for mushroom production above the mentioned amount is more profitable, while manual refilling is economically efficient within the production below the determined amount. On the analyzed farm, applied machine work led to the lowering of costs for 167,778.00 HRK per year. Purchase of machinery requires a total investment of 1,207,500 HRK with the return of 7.2 years.
The final result of milk quality management is a superior product with high quality levels of all intrinsic and extrinsic components. To achieve this, most activities in the management process should ...be directed towards the quality components that are recognized by the average consumer of milk. To determine these factors, an indicative research was carried out on a sample of 1,157 respondents among the young population. Regarding the intrinsic components, the results indicate that young consumers mostly appreciate the taste and milk fat content in the range 2.8-3.2 %, whereas regarding the extrinsic components they value price and the origin of products, that is, the origin of milk. The last component has not been fully used in promotional efforts of producers in their advertising of milk, especially in a sub segment of urban young consumers. A stronger emphasis of this would help producers to differentiate themselves, and achieve competitive advantage on domestic and international markets.
Competitiveness of table egg production in the Republic of Croatia is closely related to the process of adjustment to EU standards. Following the EU legislative, laying hens will be kept in improved ...cages and within alternative keeping systems (outdoor keeping, deep litter keeping and indoor caged layer keeping). In order to determine prerequisites for table egg production development, the present research aimed at evaluating investment requirements table egg producers were faced with. Obtained research results proved that production infrastructure and equipment at about 80% of analyzed farms did not meet required standards, and only 20% of producers could assure technical and technological conditions as required by the legal regulations. While being in the process of EU standards adjustment, producers indicated that the greatest threat was primarily found in the increase of production costs, and secondly in the lowering production capacities. Sustainability of production and competitiveness of table egg producers would be possibly assured by efficient production organization which would involve horizontal relations between producers.
BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS (BEA) IN EGG PRODUCTION Jadranka Deže; Ljubica Ranogajec; Ana Crnčan ...
Poljoprivreda (Osijek, Croatia),
12/2010, Letnik:
16, Številka:
2
Journal Article
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A conducted research analyzes two systems of egg production, the conventional, commercial egg production and the egg production with a higher nutritive value - PUFA n-3 enriched eggs. Financial ...result of eggs production with PUFA n-3 is significantly higher than that of the conventional production - profitability of the conventional production was 19.29% and the one with PUFA n-3 enriched eggs 36.10%. It is, therefore, important to evaluate the efficiency of the use of capital based on the profitability of capital that is in the conventional egg production 23.9%, and in the production of PUFA n-3 enriched eggs 56.1%. According to the results of investigation, it is necessary to produce 258 eggs in the conventional egg production, whereas in the production of enrichments eggs with PUFA n-3 breakeven point (BEP) is lower and amounts 204 eggs per laying hen per year. A higher cover rate with a difference of 10% (42.99±53.07) confirms that the production of enrichments eggs with PUFA n-3 is economically more efficient.
lj je ovog rada utvrđivanje ekonomske isplativosti proizvodnje sadnica jabuke. Prije svakog istraživanja isplativosti, korisno je uvidjeti snage, slabosti, prilike i prijetnje, što se vrlo detaljno ...može prikazati SWOT analizom. Najvažnije snage ove proizvodnje u prvom redu odlikuju se tradicijom i iskustvom, te velikim brojem sorti sadnica, dok su slabosti uglavnom vezane uz pojavu mješovitih matičnjaka i lošijom razinom tehnologije. Financijska analiza provedena u radu sastoji se od izračuna računa dobiti i gubitka, praga profitabilnosti, odnosno točke pokrića proizvodnje, ekonomskih pokazatelja ekonomičnosti, rentabilnosti i proizvodnosti. Prema ekonomskim pokazateljima, ova je proizvodnja ekonomična (Ep=1,46) i rentabilna (Rp=26,45 %).
Price and promotion, as elements of marketing, are very important tools for product positioning and differentiating it from the competition. In order for them to be effective, producers should know ...the purchasing and eating habits of both their consumers and potential buyers. In order to determine consumer attitudes on the importance of price and promotional elements of milk and dairy products, and to identify possible differences in their attitudes with regard to different demographic variables, a survey of 1,157 respondents was conducted. The results showed that prices (M = 3.36) and promotion of milk and dairy products (M = 3.34) are equally important to the consumers. The price of milk is more important to the consumers of UHT milk (p<0.05) and the consumers with lower monthly household income (p<0.000) than it is to the consumers of fresh milk. Both consumers of fresh milk (p<0.01) and those who solely work in the agricultural domain (p = 0.012) agree more with the claim of loyalty to just one particular product brand. Respondents from rural areas agree more with the claim that the prices of milk by domestic producers are significantly lower than those by the foreign ones (p = 0.011)
Hrvatska je jedna od europskih zemalja s najmanjim udjelom navodnjavanih poljoprivrednih površina što je nespojivo s njezinim klimatskim i proizvodnim značajkama. S udjelom od 2% navodnjavanih ...površina Hrvatska zaostaje desetak i više puta od usporedivih mediteranskih zemalja. Unatoč tome, zbog visokih investicijskih troškova koji su u Nacionalnom projektu navodnjavanja procijenjeni na 9.000 Eura po ha projektnog područja, uvođenje sustava navodnjavanja potrebno je planirati racionalno kako bi se izbjegli nepovoljni ekonomski i financijski učinci. Cilj rada je opisati neke od najvažnijih čimbenika isplativosti sustava navodnjavanja koji bi trebali biti uvaženi prilikom odluke o izgradnji sustava navodnjavanja na nekom području. Osnovni preduvjeti isplativosti ovakvih projekata su odabir lokacije na kojoj su utvrđeni realni rizici od suša, u kojoj je u strukturi biljne proizvodnje značajna zastupljenost povrća i voćnih vrsta te na kojoj su moguća tehnološka rješenja koja osiguravaju povoljnu cijenu za poljoprivrednike.
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