Aims: We report the discovery of CoRoT-8b, a dense small Saturn-class exoplanet that orbits a K1 dwarf in 6.2 days, and we derive its orbital parameters, mass, and radius. Methods: We analyzed two ...complementary data sets: the photometric transit curve of CoRoT-8b as measured by CoRoT and the radial velocity curve of CoRoT-8 as measured by the HARPS spectrometer. Results: We find that CoRoT-8b is on a circular orbit with a semi-major axis of 0.063 ± 0.001 AU. It has a radius of 0.57 ± 0.02 RSUBJ/SUB, a mass of 0.22 ± 0.03 MSUBJ/SUB, and therefore a mean density of 1.6 ± 0.1 g cmSUP-3/SUP. Conclusions: With 67% of the size of Saturn and 72% of its mass, CoRoT-8b has a density comparable to that of Neptune (1.76 g cmSUP-3/SUP). We estimate its content in heavy elements to be 47-63 {M}_⊕, and the mass of its hydrogen-helium envelope to be 7-23 {M}_⊕. At 0.063 AU, the thermal loss of hydrogen of CoRoT-8b should be no more than 0.1% over an assumed integrated lifetime of 3 Ga. Observations made with SOPHIE spectrograph at Observatoire de Haute Provence, France (PNP.07B.MOUT), and the HARPS spectrograph at ESO La Silla Observatory (081.C-0388 and 083.C-0186). The CoRoT space mission, launched on December 27, 2006, has been developed and is operated by the CNES with the contribution of Austria, Belgium, Brasil, ESA, Germany, and Spain.Both data sets are available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/520/A66
TESS’s first planet Gandolfi, D.; Barragán, O.; Livingston, J. H. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
11/2018, Letnik:
619
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We report on the confirmation and mass determination of
π
Men c, the first transiting planet discovered by NASA’s TESS space mission.
π
Men is a naked-eye (V = 5.65 mag), quiet G0 V star that was ...previously known to host a sub-stellar companion (
π
Men b) on a longperiod (
P
orb
= 2091 days), eccentric (
e
= 0.64) orbit. Using TESS time-series photometry, combined with
Gaia
data, published UCLES at AAT Doppler measurements, and archival HARPS at ESO-3.6m radial velocities, we found that
π
Men c is a close-in planet with an orbital period of
P
orb
= 6.27 days, a mass of
M
c
= 4.52 ± 0.81
M
⊕
, and a radius of
R
c
= 2.06 ± 0.03
R
⊕
. Based on the planet’s orbital period and size,
π
Men c is a super-Earth located at, or close to, the radius gap, while its mass and bulk density suggest it may have held on to a significant atmosphere. Because of the brightness of the host star, this system is highly suitable for a wide range of further studies to characterize the planetary atmosphere and dynamical properties. We also performed an asteroseismic analysis of the TESS data and detected a hint of power excess consistent with the seismic values expected for this star, although this result depends on the photometric aperture used to extract the light curve. This marginal detection is expected from pre-launch simulations hinting at the asteroseismic potential of the TESS mission for longer, multi-sector observations and/or for more evolved bright stars.
We report a study of the eclipse timing variations in contact binary systems, using long-cadence lightcurves from the Kepler archive. As a first step, observed minus calculated (O - C) curves were ...produced for both the primary and secondary eclipses of some 2000 Kepler binaries. We find ~390 short-period binaries with O - C curves that exhibit (1) random walk-like variations or quasi-periodicities, with typical amplitudes of + or -200-300 s, and (2) anticorrelations between the primary and secondary eclipse timing variations. We present a detailed analysis and results for 32 of these binaries with orbital periods in the range of 0.35 + or - 0.05 days. The anticorrelations observed in their O - C curves cannot be explained by a model involving mass transfer, which, among other things, requires implausibly high rates of ~0.01 M sub(middot in circle) yr super(-1). We show that the anticorrelated behavior, the amplitude of the O - C delays, and the overall random walk-like behavior can be explained by the presence of a starspot that is continuously visible around the orbit and slowly changes its longitude on timescales of weeks to months. The quasi-periods of ~50-200 days observed in the O - C curves suggest values for k, the coefficient of the latitude dependence of the stellar differential rotation, of ~0.003-0.013.
Aims.The large majority of BL Lacertae objects belonging to the 1 Jy sample, the class prototype for radio-selected sources, are thought to emit most of their synchrotron power in the far infrared ...band. Ironically, this spectral region is very sparsely sampled, with only a minority of the objects having IRAS data (most of them being upper limits or low-quality detections). We aim at filling this infrared gap by presenting new, simultaneous ISOCAM and ISOPHOT observations over the $7{-}200~\mu$m range (observer's frame) for half the sample. A precise measurement of the position of the synchrotron peak frequency, $\nu_{\rm peak}$, can provide direct information about particle acceleration mechanisms and constrain the inverse Compton radiation that will be detected by up-coming new γ-ray missions. Methods.We have observed seventeen 1 Jy BL Lacertae objects with the camera and the photometer on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) satellite. Given the intrinsic variability of these sources, the data were taken by concatenating the pointings to ensure simultaneity. The ISOPHOT data reduction was done employing a novel correction, which mitigates the effect of chopping for faint sources. Results.Using our new ISO data, complemented by nearly-simultaneous radio and optical observations for ten and four objects respectively, and other multi-frequency data, we have built the spectral energy distributions of our sources (plus a previously published one) and derived the rest-frame $\nu_{\rm peak}$. Its distribution is centred at ${\sim} 10^{13}$ Hz (${\sim} 30~\mu$m) and is very narrow, with ${\sim} 60\%$ of the BL Lacs in the $1 {-} 3 \times 10^{13}$ Hz range. Given our set of simultaneous infrared data, these represent the best determinations available of the synchrotron peak frequencies for low-energy peaked BL Lacs. A comparison with previous such estimates, based on non-simultaneous optical and near infrared data, may indicate strong $\nu_{\rm peak}$ variations in a number of sources, possibly associated with large flares as observed in the high-energy peaked BL Lac MKN 501.
CoRoT
is a space telescope which aims at studying internal structure of stars and detecting extrasolar planets. We present here a list of transits detected in the light curves of stars observed by
...CoRoT
in two fields in the anti-center direction: the LRa03 one observed during 148 days from 3 October 2009 to 1 March 2010 followed by the SRa03 one from the 5 March 2010 to the 29 March 2010 during 25 days. 5329 light curves for the LRa03 field and 4169 for the SRa03 field were analyzed by the detection team of
CoRoT
. Then some of the selected exoplanetary candidates have been followed up from the ground. In the LRa03 field, 19 exoplanet candidates have been found, 8 remain unsolved. No secured planet has been found yet. In the SRa03 field, there were 11 exoplanetary candidates among which 6 cases remain unsolved and 3 planets have been found:
CoRoT
-18b,
CoRoT
-19b,
CoRoT
-20b.
Context.
TOI-2076 is a transiting three-planet system of sub-Neptunes orbiting a bright (
G
= 8.9 mag), young (340 ± 80 Myr) K-type star. Although a validated planetary system, the orbits of the two ...outer planets were unconstrained as only two non-consecutive transits were seen in TESS photometry. This left 11 and 7 possible period aliases for each.
Aims.
To reveal the true orbits of these two long-period planets, precise photometry targeted on the highest-probability period aliases is required. Long-term monitoring of transits in multi-planet systems can also help constrain planetary masses through TTV measurements.
Methods.
We used the MonoTools package to determine which aliases to follow, and then performed space-based and ground-based photometric follow-up of TOI-2076 c and d with CHEOPS, SAINT-EX, and LCO telescopes.
Results.
CHEOPS observations revealed a clear detection for TOI-2076 c at $P = 21.02538_{ - 0.00074}^{ + 0.00084}$ d, and allowed us to rule out three of the most likely period aliases for TOI-2076 d. Ground-based photometry further enabled us to rule out remaining aliases and confirm the
P
= 35.12537 ± 0.00067 d alias. These observations also improved the radius precision of all three sub-Neptunes to 2.518 ± 0.036, 3.497 ± 0.043, and 3.232 ± 0.063
R
⊕
. Our observations also revealed a clear anti-correlated TTV signal between planets b and c likely caused by their proximity to the 2:1 resonance, while planets c and d appear close to a 5:3 period commensurability, although model degeneracy meant we were unable to retrieve robust TTV masses. Their inflated radii, likely due to extended H-He atmospheres, combined with low insolation makes all three planets excellent candidates for future comparative transmission spectroscopy with JWST.
We report the detection of a rare transiting brown dwarf with a mass of 59 M sub(Jup) and radius of 1.1 R sub(Jup) around the metal-rich, Fe/H = +0.44, G9V star CoRoT-33. The orbit is eccentric (e = ...0.07) with a period of 5.82 d. The companion, CoRoT-33b, is thus a new member in the so-called brown dwarf desert. The orbital period is within 3% to a 3:2 resonance with the rotational period of the star. CoRoT-33b may be an important test case for tidal evolution studies. The true frequency of brown dwarfs close to their host stars (P < 10 d) is estimated to be approximately 0.2% which is about six times smaller than the frequency of hot Jupiters in the same period range. We suspect that the frequency of brown dwarfs declines faster with decreasing period than that of giant planets.
We report on the discovery of three transiting planets around GJ 9827. The planets have radii of 1.75 0.18, 1.36 0.14, and R⊕, and periods of 1.20896, 3.6480, and 6.2014 days, respectively. The ...detection was made in Campaign 12 observations as part of our K2 survey of nearby stars. GJ 9827 is a V = 10.39 mag K6V star at a distance of 30.3 1.6 parsecs and the nearest star to be found hosting planets by Kepler and K2. The radial velocity follow-up, high-resolution imaging, and detection of multiple transiting objects near commensurability drastically reduce the false positive probability. The orbital periods of GJ 9827 b, c, and d planets are very close to the 1:3:5 mean motion resonance. Our preliminary analysis shows that GJ 9827 planets are excellent candidates for atmospheric observations. Besides, the planetary radii span both sides of the rocky and gaseous divide, hence the system will be an asset in expanding our understanding of the threshold.
ABSTRACT
We report new photometric and spectroscopic observations of the K2-99 planetary system. Asteroseismic analysis of the short-cadence light curve from K2’s Campaign 17 allows us to refine the ...stellar properties. We find K2-99 to be significantly smaller than previously thought, with R⋆ = 2.55 ± 0.02 R⊙. The new light curve also contains four transits of K2-99 b, which we use to improve our knowledge of the planetary properties. We find the planet to be a non-inflated warm Jupiter, with Rb = 1.06 ± 0.01 $\mathrm{R_{\rm Jup}}$. 60 new radial velocity measurements from HARPS, HARPS-N, and HIRES enable the determination of the orbital parameters of K2-99 c, which were previously poorly constrained. We find that this outer planet has a minimum mass Mcsin ic = 8.4 ± 0.2 $\mathrm{M_{\rm Jup}}$, and an eccentric orbit (ec = 0.210 ± 0.009) with a period of 522.2 ± 1.4 d. Upcoming TESS observations in 2022 have a good chance of detecting the transit of this planet, if the mutual inclination between the two planetary orbits is small.
We report the discovery of EPIC 219388192b, a transiting brown dwarf in a 5.3 day orbit around a member star of Ruprecht 147, the oldest nearby open cluster association, which was photometrically ...monitored by K2 during its Campaign 7. We combine the K2 time-series data with ground-based adaptive optics imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy to rule out false positive scenarios and determine the main parameters of the system. EPIC 219388192b has a radius of RJup and mass of MJup, yielding a mean density of . The host star is nearly a solar twin with mass M , radius R , effective temperature Teff = 5850 85 K, and iron abundance Fe/H = 0.03 0.08 dex. Its age, spectroscopic distance, and reddening are consistent with those of Ruprecht 147, corroborating its cluster membership. EPIC 219388192b is the first mature brown dwarf with precise determinations of mass, radius, and age, and serves as benchmark for evolutionary models in the substellar regime.
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