The branching ratio (BR) for the decay K+ → π+ν is a sensitive probe for new physics. The NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS will measure this BR to within about 10 . To reject the background from ...dominant kaon decays with final state photons, the large-angle photon vetoes (LAVs) must detect photons of energy as low as 200 MeV with an inefficiency of less than 10−4. The LAV detectors make use of lead glass blocks recycled from the OPAL electromagnetic calorimeter barrel. We describe the mechanical design and challenges faced during construction, the characterization of the lead glass blocks and solutions adopted for monitoring their performance, and the development of front-end electronics to allow simultaneous time and energy measurements over an extended dynamic range using the time-over-threshold technique. Our results are based on test-beam data and are reproduced by a detailed Monte Carlo simulation that includes the readout chain.
Four dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis were treated with intravenous vitamin K1 in lieu of plasma transfusion due to client cost constraints. Two dogs experienced a suspected ...anaphylactoid reaction, necessitating cessation of the treatment in one dog. Prothrombin time was rechecked 1 h after treatment in the remaining three dogs and all results were within the normal reference range. All four dogs were discharged from hospital within 48 h of presentation. Intravenous vitamin K1 rapidly reverses the coagulopathic state in dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis. It is a viable alternative therapy to plasma transfusion if circumstances preclude its use; however, patients must be monitored for anaphylactoid reactions.
Abstract We aimed to characterize the adult and regenerating tree components and their relationships with soil characteristics of a native vegetation remnant in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The area ...of the fragment is stratified into “dry area” (lithic neosoil) and “damp area” (gleisoil). We conducted a forest inventory with a random distribution of 25 parcels. We analyzed the physical and chemical components of the soil. We evaluated the vegetation's horizontal structure, diversity, and sample sufficiency using the Bootstrap richness estimator. We classified the species according to dispersal syndrome and ecological group. Overall, we found 93 species in the adult layer and 70 species in the regenerating layer. The similarity dendrograms based on the two evaluated indices demonstrated the existence of the two initially stratified environments in both strata. The IndVal (%) indicated that the set of indicator species differed between the strata. Thereby, the fragment is in an intermediate stage of successional progression. PCA showed that plots in the wet area had higher pH values and Ca, Zn, and Fe levels, while plots in the dry area did not clearly distinguish, varying in terms of K, B, and organic matter content. In CCA, a set of species that occurred exclusively in the damp area showed a strong relationship with the analyzed variables. The area is a diverse ecosystem that efficiently provides ecosystem services to society and should be the subject of long-term conservation and research.
Resumo Nós objetivamos caracterizar os componentes de arbóreos adultos e em regeneração, bem como suas relações com as características do solo de um remanescente de vegetação nativa em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. A área do fragmento foi estratificada em “área seca” (neossolo lítico) e “área úmida” (gleissolo). Realizamos um inventário florestal com uma distribuição aleatória de 25 parcelas. Analisamos os componentes físicos e químicos do solo. Avaliamos a estrutura horizontal da vegetação, além da diversidade e suficiência amostral por meio do estimador de riqueza Bootstrap. Classificamos as espécies de acordo com a síndrome de dispersão e o grupo ecológico. No geral, encontramos 93 espécies no extrato adulto e 70 espécies no extrato regenerante. Os dendrogramas de similaridade com base nos dois índices avaliados demonstraram a existência dos dois ambientes inicialmente estratificados em ambos os extratos. O Índice de Valor de Indicação (IndVal %) indicou que o conjunto de espécies indicadoras diferiu entre os extratos. Assim, o fragmento encontra-se em um estágio intermediário de progressão sucessional. A Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) mostrou que as parcelas na área úmida apresentavam valores de pH mais elevados e níveis elevados de cálcio (Ca), zinco (Zn) e ferro (Fe), enquanto as parcelas na área seca não se distinguiram claramente, variando em termos de potássio (K), boro (B) e teor de matéria orgânica. Na Análise de Correspondência Canônica (CCA), um conjunto de espécies que ocorreu exclusivamente na área úmida mostrou uma forte relação com as variáveis analisadas. A área é um ecossistema diversificado que fornece eficientemente serviços ecossistêmicos à sociedade e deve ser objeto de conservação e pesquisa de longo prazo.
Recently the media broadcast the news, together with illustrative videos, of a so-called Japanese method to perform multiplication by hand without using the multiplication tables. "Goodbye ...multiplication tables" was the headline of several websites, including important ones, where news are however too often `re-posted' uncritically. The easy numerical examples could induce naive internauts to believe that, in a short future, multiplications could be really done without the knowledge of multiplication tables. This is what a girl expresses, with great enthusiasm, to her father. The dialogues described here, although not real, are likely and have been inspired by this episode, being Maddalena the daughter of the author. Obviously the revolutionary value of the new method is easily disassembled, while its educational utility is highlighted to show (or remember) the reasoning on which the method learned in elementary school is based, although mostly applied mechanically.
A
bstract
The ratio
R
= Γ(
K
S
→ πeν
)
/
Γ(
K
S
→ π
+
π
−
) has been measured with a sample of 300 million
K
S
mesons produced in
ϕ → K
L
K
S
decays recorded by the KLOE experiment at the DAΦNE
e
+
e
...−
collider.
K
S
→ πeν
events are selected by a boosted decision tree built with kinematic variables and time-of-flight measurements. Data control samples of
K
L
→ πeν
decays are used to evaluate signal selection efficiencies. With 49647
±
316 signal events we measure
R
= (1
.
0421
±
0
.
0066
stat
±
0
.
0075
syst
)
×
10
−
3
. The combination with our previous measurement gives
R
= (1
.
0338
±
0
.
0054
stat
±
0
.
0064
syst
)
×
10
−
3
. From this value we derive the branching fraction
B
(
K
S
→ πeν
) = (7
.
153
±
0
.
037
stat
±
0
.
044
syst
)
×
10
−
4
and
f
+
(0)
|V
us
|
= 0
.
2170
±
0
.
009.
Four dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis were treated with intravenous vitamin K
in lieu of plasma transfusion due to client cost constraints. Two dogs experienced a suspected anaphylactoid ...reaction, necessitating cessation of the treatment in one dog. Prothrombin time was rechecked 1 h after treatment in the remaining three dogs and all results were within the normal reference range. All four dogs were discharged from hospital within 48 h of presentation. Intravenous vitamin K
rapidly reverses the coagulopathic state in dogs with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis. It is a viable alternative therapy to plasma transfusion if circumstances preclude its use; however, patients must be monitored for anaphylactoid reactions.
Supercritical fluid extraction has been widely employed in the extraction of high purity substances. In this study, we used the technology to obtain oil from seeds from a variety of grapes, from ...vinification residues generated in the Southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This work encompasses three varieties of Vitis vinifera (Moscato Giallo, Merlot, and Cabernet Sauvignon) and two of Vitis labrusca (Bordô e Isabel), harvested in 2005 and 2006. We obtained the highest oil content from Bordô (15.40%) in 2005 and from Merlot (14.66%), 2006. The biggest concentration of palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids was observed in Bordô, 2005, and in Bordô, Merlot, and Moscato Giallo, 2006. Bordô showed the highest concentration of oleic acid and α-tocopherol in both seasons too. For the equivalent of procyanidins, we did not notice significant difference among the varieties from the 2005 harvest. In 2006, both varieties Isabel and Cabernet Sauvignon showed a value slightly lower than the other varieties. The concentration of total phenolics was higher in Bordô and Cabernet Sauvignon. The presence of these substances is related to several important pharmacological properties and might be an alternative to conventional processes to obtain these bioactives.
The combination of complementary techniques in the characterization of catalysts under working conditions is a very powerful tool for an accurate and in‐depth comprehension of the system ...investigated. In particular, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) coupled with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and mass spectroscopy (MS) is a powerful combination since XAS characterizes the main elements of the catalytic system (selecting the absorption edge) and DRIFTS monitors surface adsorbates while MS enables product identification and quantification. In the present manuscript, a new reactor cell and an experimental setup optimized to perform time‐resolved experiments on heterogeneous catalysts under working conditions are reported. A key feature of this setup is the possibility to work at high temperature and pressure, with a small cell dead volume. To demonstrate these capabilities, performance tests with and without X‐rays are performed. The effective temperature at the sample surface, the speed to purge the gas volume inside the cell and catalytic activity have been evaluated to demonstrate the reliability and usefulness of the cell. The setup capability of combining XAS, DRIFTS and MS spectroscopies is demonstrated in a time‐resolved experiment, following the reduction of NO by Rh nanoparticles supported on alumina.
A new reactor cell and experimental setup designed to perform time‐resolved experiments on heterogeneous catalysts under working conditions that simulltaneously combines XAS, DRIFT and MS spectroscopies are reported.
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