In the 2nd decade of the 21st century the Lithuanian stock of proper names is enriched with new compound names. They are formed in the following ways: a) from ordinary compound names, either changing ...or adding a new termination or altering the stems, e.g. Jo-gaĩl-is beside Jo-gáil-a, Dei-mant-ė́ja beside Deĩ-mant-ė, Ei-výl-ė beside Ei-vìl-ė; b) adding to a new name a stem used in other compound names, e.g. Ner-mìl-ė, Man-gìr-is; c) from Lithuanian stems of different origin (appellatives, hypocoristics, borrowings) added to the stem of other compound names, e.g. Bang-ì-mant-as: bang- < bangà ‘wave’, Jó-vyt-ė: vyt- < Výta, Výtė, Výtautė, Teo-mìl-ė: teo- < Teo, Teodorà; d) combining two new expansive stems, e.g. Ad-vità ← ad- < Adà, Adèlė + -vita < Vità, Jovità, Oks-mind-à ← oks- < Oksanà + mind- < Mìnda, Mìndaugė. These names continue the tendencies of the formation of names of the previous period. Most names are made without taking semantics into consideration. The stems are taken from popular names. The first stems are more diverse than the second, which coincide with frequent stems from the previous century. New stems are more frequent as first members of the compound. They are more often made from borrowings than from inherited lexicon. Some of them became stable new stems, etc. All this shows that the creation of new compound names remains an ongoing process.
On the authenticity of the Lithuanian compound proper name stem gerd-This article deals with the issue of authenticity of the Lithuanian compound proper name stem gerd- and the proposal presented is ...that the stem gerd- is a secondary variant of gird- that arose in the process of writing Lithuanian onyms in Old Russian and Polish documents.
By presenting new compound personal names given to Lithuanian citizens born in
the period 1991–2010, the article discusses one of the ways used to update the Lithuanian stock of proper names in the ...recent decades. The study revealed that compound proper names are created by combining commonplace stems with new components which mostly originate from appellatives (or names of appellative origin), hypocoristic compound personal names or foreign names which are the most common base words. They show that the meaning of the base word is not important in the formation of the stem of a proper name. There are also proper names composed of two new stems, which testify the tendency to create personal names with a single new stem. The proper names under analysis make it clear that the main reason behind the creation of a new name component is the popularity or frequency of the personal name which has it; it was also supported by the selection of traditional stems for the creation of new proper names. The most common base of stems is the first syllable and the first consonant of the second syllable, which shows that as the part of the word is turning into a stem, the beginning, being its most important meaningful part, usually surpasses the limits of the syllable.
ON THE ORIGIN OF LITHUANIAN COMPOUND PROPER NAMES WITH FIRST STEM dal-SummaryLithuanian compound proper names with first element dal- (as well as place names derived from them) cannot contain an ...independent element dal- related to the word family of Lith. dal-ià, dal-ýti. Lithuanian onyms with first element dal- originated in two different ways: a) cases with second element ‑mant- arising through contamination of the originally unrelated proper names Daũmantas and Dálmatas; b) cases with second element ‑ged‑arising through folk etymology alteration of dau‑ged- as dalg-ed- (vel sim.). There are no other proper names with dal- that could be related to the root dal-. In some cases proper nouns with dal- can be incorrect renderings of dau- before g due to Slavic influence or, alternatively, they may be an irregular variant of dol- (for dau-). Lithuanian compound proper nouns with dal- are thus all secondary, having arisen through alteration of already existing proper nouns. The evidence of the other Baltic languages is entirely unclear. A thorough analysis of the writing tradition of Curonian personal names would be needed in order to test the possibility that Cur. Dalbutt contains the first element dal- to be related to Lith. dal-.
OBSERVATIONS ON ŽEMAITIAN SHORTENED SURNAMES DERIVED FROM THE PROPER NAME Gedrìmas SummaryBeside the Lithuanian proper name Gedrìmas and its shortened derivatives in Gedr- we also ...frequently find Giedrìmas, Giedr-. The variant Giedr- was probably due to the influence from documents written in Polish, where Gedr- was regularly written Giedr-. The variant Gedr- is particularly well attested in Žemaitian area (where Giedr- in any case also occurs) where it was not changed to Giedr- because there was no possible secondary association with the adjective gydras, the form used in most of Žemaitian area instead of (Aukštaitian) giẽdras.
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