The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of time in Mixed-Reality Simulations (MRS) on anxiety levels and coping for pre-service teachers (PSTs). A convergent parallel mixed-methods ...design was utilized. For each pair of matched observations on both levels for both surveys, no statistically significant difference was found. Three finding statements emerged from the qualitative data: (a) participants experienced anxiety surrounding the mixed-reality simulations from many different sources, (b) participants’ anxiety surrounding the mixed-reality simulations manifested itself in a variety of ways, and (c) participants implemented different coping skills to attempt to manage the anxiety they were experiencing surrounding the mixed-reality simulations. A comparison of the quantitative and the qualitative findings revealed two mixed-method findings: (a) pre-service teachers can benefit from experiencing anxiety within a mixed-reality simulation setting and (b) mixed-reality simulations provide pre-service teachers with the opportunity to develop their coping skills. Implications for the potential benefits and impact of time spent within a mixed-reality simulator on pre-service teachers’ anxiety and adaptiveness in coping are addressed.
This project was a 2-year investigation of elementary school children placed in programs for high-ability learners. The primary purpose of the study was to investigate academic and affective changes ...in students during their first 2 years in a gifted program. Students were assessed during the fall of one year and the spring of the next year. Subjects were from 14 different school districts in 10 states and included African American and Caucasian/ non-Hispanic students. The study compared students enrolled in gifted programs (special school, separate class, pull-out, within-class), high-achieving students from districts in which no program was available at the designated grade levels, and nongifted students in regular classrooms. This project focused on academic and affective student outcomes through multiple administrations of an achievement test, a self-perception survey, and a motivation inventory. In addition to comparing programs in general, an important dimension of the project was to examine characteristics of students from traditionally underserved populations. This was accomplished by including the variables of racial/ ethnic status and the social status of participants. Results revealed that there were differences in cognitive and affective outcomes across program types. Therefore, it is strongly advised that educators conduct ongoing evaluations of their programs to be better able to monitor and address all students' needs.
Seventy‐five participants from one suburban high school formed 21 teams with 3–4 members each for the Future Problem Solving Program International (FPSPI). Students were selected to participate in ...either the regular FPSPI or an enhanced FPSPI, where multiple group training activities grounded in problem‐solving style were incorporated into a 9‐week treatment period. An ANCOVA procedure was used to examine the difference in team responses to a creative problem‐solving scenario for members of each group, after accounting for initial differences in creative problem‐solving performance, years of experience in FPSPI, and creative thinking related to fluency, flexibility, and originality. The ANCOVA resulted in a significant difference in problem‐solving performance in favor of students in the treatment group (F(1, 57) = 8.21, p = .006, partial eta squared = .126, medium), while there were no significant differences in years of experience or creativity scores. This result led researchers to conclude that students in both groups had equivalent creative ability and that participation in the group activities emphasizing problem‐solving style significantly contributed to creative performance.
A measurement is presented of the inclusive neutral current
e
±
p
scattering cross section using data collected by the H1 experiment at HERA during the years 2003 to 2007 with proton beam energies
E
...p
of 920, 575, and 460 GeV. The kinematic range of the measurement covers low absolute four-momentum transfers squared, 1.5 GeV
2
<
Q
2
<120 GeV
2
, small values of Bjorken
x
, 2.9⋅10
−5
<
x
<0.01, and extends to high inelasticity up to
y
=0.85. The structure function
F
L
is measured by combining the new results with previously published H1 data at
E
p
=920 GeV and
E
p
=820 GeV. The new measurements are used to test several phenomenological and QCD models applicable in this low
Q
2
and low
x
kinematic domain.
A measurement is presented of the inclusive neutral current e±p scattering cross section using data collected by the H1 experiment at HERA during the years 2003 to 2007 with proton beam energies Ep ...of 920, 575, and 460 GeV. The kinematic range of the measurement covers low absolute four-momentum transfers squared, 1.5 GeV2<Q2<120 GeV2, small values of Bjorken x, 2.9⋅10−5<x<0.01, and extends to high inelasticity up to y=0.85. The structure function FL is measured by combining the new results with previously published H1 data at Ep=920 GeV and Ep=820 GeV. The new measurements are used to test several phenomenological and QCD models applicable in this low Q2 and low x kinematic domain.
Inclusive charm and beauty cross sections are measured in
e
−
p
and
e
+
p
neutral current collisions at HERA in the kinematic region of photon virtuality 5≤
Q
2
≤2000 GeV
2
and Bjorken scaling ...variable 0.0002≤
x
≤0.05. The data were collected with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 189 pb
−1
. The numbers of charm and beauty events are determined using variables reconstructed by the H1 vertex detector including the impact parameter of tracks to the primary vertex and the position of the secondary vertex. The measurements are combined with previous data and compared to QCD predictions.
Inclusive e(+/-)p single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current deep inelastic scattering processes are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were taken at a ...centre-of-mass energy of root s = 319 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 333.7 pb(-1) shared between two lepton beam charges and two longitudinal lepton polarisation modes. The differential cross sections are measured in the range of negative four-momentum transfer squared, Q(2), between 60 and 50 000GeV(2), and Bjorken x between 0.0008 and 0.65. The measurements are combined with earlier published unpolarised H1 data to improve statistical precision and used to determine the structure function xF(3)(gamma Z). A measurement of the neutral current parity violating structure function F-2(gamma Z) is presented for the first time. The polarisation dependence of the charged current total cross section is also measured. The new measurements are well described by a next-to-leading order QCD fit based on all published H1 inclusive cross section data which are used to extract the parton distribution functions of the proton.
Elastic J/ψ production at HERA Aktas, A.; Andreev, V.; Anthonis, T. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
06/2006, Letnik:
46, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Cross sections for elastic production of J/ψ mesons in photoproduction and electroproduction are measured in electron proton collisions at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 55 pb-1. Results are ...presented for photon virtualities Q2 up to 80 GeV2. The dependence on the photon-proton centre of mass energy Wγp is analysed in the range 40≤Wγp≤305 GeV in photoproduction and 40≤Wγp≤160 GeV in electroproduction. The Wγp dependences of the cross sections do not change significantly with Q2 and can be described by models based on perturbative QCD. Within such models, the data show a high sensitivity to the gluon density of the proton in the domain of low Bjorken x and low Q2. Differential cross sections dσ/dt, where t is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex, are measured in the range |t|<1.2 GeV2 as functions of Wγp and Q2. Effective Pomeron trajectories are determined for photoproduction and electroproduction. The J/ψ production and decay angular distributions are consistent with s-channel helicity conservation. The ratio of the cross sections for longitudinally and transversely polarised photons is measured as a function of Q2 and is found to be described by perturbative QCD based models.
A measurement of the inclusive ep scattering cross section is presented in the region of low momentum transfers, 0.2 GeV2 a parts per thousand currency signQ (2)a parts per thousand currency sign12 ...GeV2, and low Bjorken x, 5a <...10(-6)a parts per thousand currency signxa parts per thousand currency sign0.02. The result is based on two data sets collected in dedicated runs by the H1 Collaboration at HERA at beam energies of 27.6 GeV and 920 GeV for positrons and protons, respectively. A combination with data previously published by H1 leads to a cross section measurement of a few percent accuracy. A kinematic reconstruction method exploiting radiative ep events extends the measurement to lower Q (2) and larger x. The data are compared with theoretical models which apply to the transition region from photoproduction to deep inelastic scattering.
Diffractive electroproduction of ρ and ϕ mesons is measured at HERA with the H1 detector in the elastic and proton dissociative channels. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 51 pb
−1
. ...About 10500 ρ and 2000 φ events are analysed in the kinematic range of squared photon virtuality 2.5 ≤
Q
2
≤ 60 GeV
2
, photon-proton centre of mass energy 35 ≤
W
≤ 180 GeV and squared four-momentum transfer to the proton |
t
| ≤ 3 GeV
2
. The total, longitudinal and transverse cross sections are measured as a function of
Q
2
,
W
and |
t
|. The measurements show a transition to a dominantly “hard” behaviour, typical of high gluon densities and small
dipoles, for
Q
2
larger than 10 to 20 GeV
2
. They support flavour independence of the diffractive exchange, expressed in terms of the scaling variable (
Q
2
+
M
2
V
)/4, and proton vertex factorisation. The spin density matrix elements are measured as a function of kinematic variables. The ratio of the longitudinal to transverse cross sections, the ratio of the helicity amplitudes and their relative phases are extracted. Several of these measurements have not been performed before and bring new information on the dynamics of diffraction in a QCD framework. The measurements are discussed in the context of models using generalised parton distributions or universal dipole cross sections.
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