A real-time assessment of sustained attention requires a continuous performance measure ideally obtained objectively and without disrupting the ongoing behavioral patterns. In this work, we ...investigate whether the phasic functional connectivity patterns from short- and long-range attention networks can predict the tonic performance in a long Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART). Pre-trial phase synchrony indices (PSIs) from individual experiment blocks are used as features for assessment of the proposed average cumulative vigilance score (CVS) and hit response time (HRT). Deep neural networks (DNNs) with the mean-squared-error (MSE) loss function outperformed the ones with mean-absolute-error (MAE) in 4-fold cross-validations. PSI features from the 16-20 Hz beta sub-band obtained the lowest RMSE of 0.043 and highest correlation of 0.806 for predicting the average CVS, and the alpha oscillation PSIs resulted in an RMSE of 51.91 ms and a correlation of 0.903 for predicting the mean HRT. The proposed system can be used for monitoring performance of users susceptible to hypo- or hyper-vigilance and the subsequent system adaptation without implemented eye trackers. To the best of our knowledge, functional connectivity features in general and phase locking values in particular have not been used for regression models of vigilance variations with neural networks.
Hypophosphatemia Due to Adefovir Treatment Nazlım AKTUĞ DEMİR; Servet KÖLGELİER; Serap ÖZÇİMEN ...
Mediterranean journal of infection, microbes & antimicrobials,
12/2012, Letnik:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Adefovir dipivoxil is an orally effective prodrug excreted unchanged in urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. While it effectively suppresses hepatitis B virus replication, it may ...cause nephrotoxicity characterized by severe hypophosphatemia. In this report, we present a case of isolated hypophosphatemia due to long-term use of adefovir dipivoxil (10 mg/day). Due to the risk of hypophosphatemia with extended use, calcium and serum levels and symptoms suggesting nephrotoxicity should be followed in patients using adefovir dipivoxil for an extended period.
Sanayi, teknoloji, iş yapış şekilleri ve iş yönetimi günümüzde hızlı bir değişim geçirmekte ve buna bağlı olarak işletmelerde tehlikeler farklılaşmakta, risklerin boyutları değişmekte tüm bu ...nedenlerle insan hayatı ve ekonomik açıdan kayıplara neden olan riskler giderek artmaktadır. Yapay Zekâ teknolojisinin hızla gelişmesi, işletmeler için pek çok alanda büyük fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Bu alanda en önemli konulardan biri, risk analizidir. İşletmeler, karşılaşabilecekleri potansiyel riskleri belirleyerek, stratejik kararlar almak ve rekabet avantajı elde etmek için risk analizi yapmaktadır. Yapay Zekâ tabanlı risk analizi, geleneksel yöntemlere kıyasla önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır. Yapay Zekâ, büyük veri kümelerini hızla analiz edebilme yeteneği sayesinde kapsamlı ve detaylı sonuçlar sağlar. Aynı zamanda, karmaşık veri yapılarını anlama ve önemli desenleri belirleme kabiliyeti, işletmelere risklerin kökenini ve potansiyel sonuçlarını daha iyi anlama fırsatı tanır. Yapay Zekâ tabanlı risk analizlerinin işletmelerin sürdürülebilirlikleri ve rekabet güçleri üzerinde büyük etkileri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Yapay Zekâ ’nın hassas tahminleri ve geleceğe yönelik senaryo oluşturma yeteneği, karar vericilere stratejik planlama ve kaynak yönetimi açısından değerli bir rehberlik sunar. Ayrıca, işletmelerin beklenmedik durumlar ve belirsizliklerle başa çıkma yeteneklerini arttırarak risklerle baş etme stratejilerini geliştirme konusunda da katkı sağlar. Bu nedenle, işletmelerin yapay zekâ tabanlı risk analizi yöntemlerini benimsemesi, uzun vadeli başarıları için kritik bir unsurdur. Çalışmanın amacı, gerçek yaşam temelli eğitim materyalleri geliştirerek analitik düşünme, problem çözme, yaratıcılık, girişimcilik gibi eğitim-öğretim programlarının çıktıları arasında olması gereken becerilerin bireye kazandırılmasını sağlamaktır. Çalışma ile sanal gerçeklik ve artırılmış gerçeklik tabanlı simülasyon üreterek risk analizi eğitimi ile muhatap olacak bireylere çoklu sistem ile yeni ve özgün bir öğrenme ortamı oluşturulması, bireyin öğrenme düzeyinin iyileştirilmesi ve nihai hedef olan ‘‘tam öğrenmenin’’ gerçekleştirilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Böylece işletmelerdeki risk faktörlerinin tespitinde ve yorumlanmasında alana katkı sağlanması planlanmaktadır.
Industry, technology, business practices, and management approaches are undergoing rapid changes in today's world. Consequently, the hazards in businesses are diversifying, and the dimensions of risks are changing. For all these reasons, risks causing losses in terms of human life and economy are increasing. The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology presents significant opportunities for businesses. One of the most crucial aspects in this field is risk analysis. Businesses perform risk analysis to identify potential risks they may encounter, make strategic decisions, and gain a competitive advantage. AI-based risk analysis offers substantial advantages compared to traditional methods. AI's ability to analyze large datasets rapidly provides comprehensive and detailed results. Additionally, its capability to understand complex data structures and identify significant patterns offers businesses an opportunity to better comprehend the origins and potential consequences of risks. It is believed that AI-based risk analysis has a considerable impact on the sustainability and competitive strength of businesses. AI's precise predictions and ability to create future scenarios provide decision-makers with valuable guidance for strategic planning and resource management. Moreover, it contributes to enhancing businesses' ability to cope with unexpected situations and uncertainties, thereby developing strategies to deal with risks effectively. Therefore, the adoption of AI-based risk analysis methods by businesses is a critical element for their long-term success. The aim of this paper is to develop real-life-based educational materials that enable individuals to acquire skills such as analytical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, and entrepreneurship, which are among the outcomes of education and training programs. The paper aims to create a new and unique learning environment with multi-systems for individuals who will be exposed to risk analysis education through virtual reality and augmented reality-based simulations. This will improve the individual's level of learning and achieve the ultimate goal of "complete learning." Thus, the study is planned to contribute to the field by aiding in the detection and interpretation of risk factors in businesses.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of 55 cases diagnosed as spondylodiscitis due to brucellosis. Materials and Methods: This study ...was performed between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2011. It included patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed as spondylodiscitis by neurosurgery and physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists in the presence of clinical findings (a titer ≥1/160 in standard tube agglutination (STA) and/or growth of Brucella spp. in appropriately obtained cultures) in addition to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Patient charts, which included age, sex, laboratory culture results, treatment protocols, and radiographic findings, were evaluated retrospectively. Data were recorded to the SPSS 16.0 package program, and descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests were used. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Thirty-two (58.2%) patients were male and 23 (41.8%) were female. The most common three findings were lower back pain (100%), fever (83.6%) and night sweats (81.8%). Lumbar vertebra involvement was detected in 50 patients, thoracal vertebra involvement in 4 and cervical vertebra involvement in 1. Multiple discs were involved in 17 patients. When we evaluated patients according to gender, fatigue was more frequent in females (p=0.046), the mean age of males was higher (p=0.018), and multiple disc involvement was more frequent in males (p=0.04). The most frequently involved vertebrae were L4-5. Follow-up MRIs of 36 patients could be obtained at the 12th week of treatment. Inflammation and edema in the disc space had increased in 6 (16.6%), decreased in 20 (55.6%), and were unchanged in 10 (27.8%) patients. Conclusion: Spondylodiscitis can be observed as a result of musculoskeletal involvement, which is the most common complication of brucellosis, and the lumbar region is the most frequently affected. In spinal brucellosis, first the vertebra corpus is involved, then spread to the neighboring disc space and vertebra corpus is observed, and with disc involvement, spondylitis evolves into spondylodiscitis. Brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in the presence of fever and lower back symptoms, especially in patients living in endemic regions.
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most comDmeopnarmtmaelingtnoafnXcyXoXf,thXeXuXrinTarayinsyinsgteamndanRdetsheearscihxtHhomsopsitapl,reCviatyle,nCtocuantcreyr in both men and women. There is 3 currently no ...biomarker ideDnetipfaiertdmteonftaocfiliXtaXteXt,hUe ndivagernsoitsyisooffXBXCXa,nXdXwXhicThracianninbgeacnodnRsiedseeraerdchasHthoespgiotaldl, sCtaitnyd,aCrdo.uTnthreyaim of this study was to 4 determine the diagnostic significance of serDumepasritgmneanltpoefpXtidXeX-C,UFaBc-uEltGyFofdXomXaXin,-Cciotyn,taCinoiunngtrpyrotein 1 (SCUBE1) levels in patients newly diagnosed with BC and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of SCUBE1 with those of carbonic anhydrases IX (CAIX), which has previously been shown to be positive in BC. SCUBE1 and CAIX levels were investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from 19 patients with bladder cancer and 25 healthy peers. Levels of both were significantly higher in the BC group compared with the control group (p=0.0001). Based on ROC analysis, SCUBE1 emerged as a sensitive test, similarly to CAIX, for identifying BC. These findings suggest that increased SCUBE1 levels may be a useful addition to clinical findings of disease in the diagnosis of BC patients.
Background: Depression and obesity are common disorders. Obesity is also predictive of several chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare ...depression frequency of obese patients with hypertension or diabetes. Methods: Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were measured. The definition of obesity was a body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2) ≥30 kg/m2. Obese patients with hypertension or diabetes were documented. All participants had a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) evaluation. Results: A total of 389 subjects were included, of whom 100, 101, 92, 96 participants were healthy, obese, obese with hypertension, obese with diabetes, respectively. Beck Depression Inventory scores of obese patients, obese patients with hypertension or diabetes were higher compared to the control group. BDI scores of obese patients with diabetes were higher compared to obese and obese with hypertension subjects.
Resting-state brain networks represent the intrinsic state of the brain during the majority of cognitive and sensorimotor tasks. However, no study has yet presented concise predictors of task-induced ...vigilance variability from spectrospatial features of the pre-task, resting-state electroencephalograms (EEG). We asked ten healthy volunteers (6 females, 4 males) to participate in 105-minute fixed-sequence-varying-duration sessions of sustained attention to response task (SART). A novel and adaptive vigilance scoring scheme was designed based on the performance and response time in consecutive trials, and demonstrated large inter-participant variability in terms of maintaining consistent tonic performance. Multiple linear regression using feature relevance analysis obtained significant predictors of the mean cumulative vigilance score (CVS), mean response time, and variabilities of these scores from the resting-state, band-power ratios of EEG signals, p<0.05. Single-layer neural networks trained with cross-validation also captured different associations for the beta sub-bands. Increase in the gamma (28-48 Hz) and upper beta ratios from the left central and temporal regions predicted slower reactions and more inconsistent vigilance as explained by the increased activation of default mode network (DMN) and differences between the high- and low-attention networks at temporal regions. Higher ratios of parietal alpha from the Brodmann's areas 18, 19, and 37 during the eyes-open states predicted slower responses but more consistent CVS and reactions associated with the superior ability in vigilance maintenance. The proposed framework and these findings on the most stable and significant attention predictors from the intrinsic EEG power ratios can be used to model attention variations during the calibration sessions of BCI applications and vigilance monitoring systems.
Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to determine the sleep quality and the factors affecting sleep quality of the hospitalized patients orthopedics and traumatology clinic.
Methods: This study ...was conducted as a descriptive study in a hospital between March 30 and June 16, 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 200 patients hospitalized in the orthopedics and traumatology clinic. The data of the study were collected through face-to-face interviews with the patients using the ‘’Sociodemographic and Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire’’ and the ‘’Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire’’.
Results: The average Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire scores of the patients were determined to be 43.33±28.31. While there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) observed between the gender, preoperative or postoperative status, presence of noise, room lighting, room crowding, attached the body medical devices, treatment interventions during sleep hours, and Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire score averages of the patients; a statistically significant difference was found in the Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire score averages based on pain and medical diagnosis (p
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