Network buzzwords are ubiquitous in the internet era. To explore the psychology of college students using network buzzwords, the development trend and characteristics of network buzzwords are ...analyzed first. A questionnaire survey is performed to learn how college students use network buzzwords currently; then, the obtained data are analyzed and discussed. Results demonstrate that 81.59% of college students can understand what the buzzwords mean. As for psychological factors, the average score of the identity dimension is the highest, and the average score of social support is the lowest. Among the behavioral factors, the communication factor scores the highest. Regarding the overall psychological and behavioral factors, in general, boys score higher than girls, and science and engineering students score higher than those majoring in literature, history, and art. Students of higher grades score lower than those of lower grades regarding using network buzzwords in communication and entertainment activities. The psychological mechanism of Generation Z college students using network buzzwords has been explored, which can provide scientific and practical reference materials for subsequent analysis and research on online behaviors of college students and is also of great significance for internet education of college students.
Covalently bonded carbon nitride (CN) has stimulated extensive attention as a metal-free semiconductor. However, because of the complexity of polymeric structures, the acquisition of critical roles ...of each molecular constituent in CN for photocatalysis remains elusive. Herein, we clarify the fundamental active units of CN in photocatalysis by synthesizing CN with more detailed molecular structures. Enabled by microwave synthesis, the as-prepared CN consists of distinguishable melem (M1) and its incomplete condensed form (M2). We disclose rather than the traditional opinion of being involved in the whole photocatalytic processes, M1 and M2 make primary contributions in light absorption and charge separation, respectively. Meanwhile, oxygen molecules are unusually observed to be activated by participating in the photoexcited processes via electronic coupling mainly to M2. As a result, such CN has a higher activity, which was up to 8 times that of traditional bulk CN for photocatalytic oxidation of tetracycline in water.
This work reports on the plasmonic properties of a symmetry-breaking system consisting of rhodium dual broken nanorings, in the ultraviolet–visible regime. In the structure, two rhodium broken rings ...are located with a separation on the scale of nanometers. As the separation, the light polarization, and the relative orientation of the broken angles are, respectively, varied, the plasmonic scattering efficiency of the system is investigated, using the finite difference time domain method. Multiple plasmonic resonances are revealed, and the associated asymmetry-induced Fano-like lineshapes are fitted to a model that employs multiple Fano lineshape functions. The resonance wavelengths, the spectral widths, and the characteristic
q
values are determined from the best fit parameters, and the plasmonic characteristics of the system are quantitatively probed. The results in this work may be beneficial in designs of plasmonic devices that operate at ultraviolet–visible wavelengths.
Solid solutions are the basis for most industrial alloys. However, the relationships between their characteristic short-range orders and chemical compositions have not been established. The present ...work combines Cowley parameter α with our cluster-plus-glue-atom model to accurately derive the chemical units of binary solid-solution alloys of face-centered cubic type. The chemical unit carries information on atomic structure and chemical composition, which explains prevailing industrial alloys. For example, chemical units in Cu
Zn
alloy with α
= - 0.137 are formulated as Zn-Cu
Zn
Zn
Cu
and Zn-Cu
Zn
Zn
Cu
, with 64.0-70.0 wt% Cu corresponding to the most widely used cartridge brass C26000 (68.5-71.5 Cu). This work answers the long-standing question on the composition origin of solid-solution-based industrial alloys, by tracing to the molecule-like chemical units implied in chemical short-range ordering in solid solutions.
Iron is an essential element for the growth and proliferation of cells. Cellular iron uptake, storage, utilization and export are tightly regulated to maintain iron homeostasis. However, cellular ...iron metabolism pathways are disturbed in most cancer cells. To maintain rapid growth and proliferation, cancer cells acquire large amounts of iron by altering expression of iron metabolism- related proteins. In this paper, normal cellular iron metabolism and the alterations of iron metabolic pathways in cancer cells were summarized. Therapeutic strategies based on targeting the altered iron metabolism were also discussed and disrupting redox homeostasis by intracellular high levels of iron provides new insight for cancer therapy. Altered iron metabolism constitutes a promising therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
The space environment chiefly includes microgravity and radiation, which seriously threatens the health of astronauts. Bone loss and muscle atrophy are the two most significant changes in mammals ...after long-term residency in space. In this review, we summarized current understanding of the effects of microgravity and radiation on the musculoskeletal system and discussed the corresponding mechanisms that are related to iron overload and oxidative damage. Furthermore, we enumerated some countermeasures that have a therapeutic potential for bone loss and muscle atrophy through using iron chelators and antioxidants. Future studies for better understanding the mechanism of iron and redox homeostasis imbalance induced by the space environment and developing the countermeasures against iron overload and oxidative damage consequently may facilitate human to travel more safely in space.
Acute intestinal obstruction is a frequently encountered condition characterized by sudden abdominal pain, and its prompt and accurate diagnosis plays a crucial role in the management and prognosis ...of patients. Although traditional abdominal X-ray imaging has certain limitations in identifying acute ileus, the emergence of multi-slice spiral CT has offered potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Thus, this study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of abdominal radiographs and multi-slice spiral CT in acute ileus and explore their respective advantages and limitations. A total of 64 patients diagnosed with acute intestinal obstruction and admitted to our hospital between March 2021 and March 2022 for surgical intervention were selected for this study. All patients initially underwent conventional abdominal X-ray examinations, followed by multi-slice spiral CT scans after a 12-hour interval. In the case of acute intestinal obstruction patients, multi-slice spiral CT demonstrated superior diagnostic performance compared to abdominal X-ray plain film. The use of multi-slice spiral CT resulted in enhanced diagnostic experience, lower rates of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
Glass formation is usually related to deep eutectic points. The present work addresses the composition interpretation of eutectic Ti57Cu43 and relevant bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) by introducing the ...“dual-cluster” model. In this model, the eutectic liquid structure is presumably composed of two chemical units derived from relevant eutectic phases, each corresponding to a stable liquid satisfying a general cluster formula for ideal metallic glasses cluster(glue atom)1or3 in terms of the cluster-plus-glue-atom model. Detailed procedures are introduced to apply this model in interpreting the eutectics, based on which eutectic Ti57Cu43 is interpreted as dual-cluster formulas of 2{Ti–Cu6Ti8Cu3} + Ti–Cu5Ti9Ti3 and 2{Ti–Cu6Ti8Cu2Ti} + Ti–Cu5Ti9Cu2Ti, where the two clusters Ti–Cu6Ti8 and Ti–Cu5Ti9 are, respectively, derived from eutectic phases TiCu and Ti2Cu. Two interpretations are equivalent, and one of the involved chemical units Ti–Cu6Ti8Cu3 = Ti50Cu50 is a basic unit for multicomponent Ti–Cu-based BMGs; typical BMGs are formed by replacing the atoms in the basic unit with alloying ones.
•We confirmed that curcumin could antagonize inorganic arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative injuries in vivo.•We found the potent up-regulation of nuclear factor Nrf2, as well as Nrf2 ...downstream genes by curcumin treatment.•We observed the involvement of curcumin in promoting arsenic methylation and elimination which is less reported at present.•We are trying to provide experimental data to counteract arsenic intoxication by means of dietary components.
Oxidative stress is one of the major mechanisms implicated in inorganic arsenic poisoning. Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound with impressive antioxidant properties. What’s more, curcumin is recently proved to exert its chemopreventive effects partly through the activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-2 related) factor 2 (Nrf2) and its antioxidant and phase II detoxifying enzymes. In vivo, we investigated the protective effects of curcumin against arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative injuries. Our results showed that arsenic-induced elevation of serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, augmentation of hepatic malonaldehyde (MDA), as well as the reduction of blood and hepatic glutathione (GSH) levels, were all consistently relieved by curcumin. We also observed the involvement of curcumin in promoting arsenic methylation and urinary elimination in vivo. Furthermore, both the hepatic Nrf2 protein and two typically recognized Nrf2 downstream genes, NADP(H) quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), were consistently up-regulated in curcumin-treated mice. Our study confirmed the antagonistic roles of curcumin to counteract inorganic arsenic-induced hepatic toxicity in vivo, and suggested that the potent Nrf2 activation capability might be valuable for the protective effects of curcumin against arsenic intoxication. This provides a potential useful chemopreventive dietary component for human populations.
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