Sports activities may induce long-lasting changes in mandibular trajectories. The aim was to compare condylar and mandibular movements in athletes with orofacial injuries with values measured in ...non-injured athletes. The group of 132 athletes without mandibular injury included asymptomatic athletes with a history of a blow to the right side (N = 43) and the group included asymptomatic athletes with a history of a blow to the left side (N = 41) of the mandible. The injured athletes suffered from stiffness/pain and/or limitation of jaw movements. The symptoms disappeared shortly after the injury. Athletes with a history of injury have smaller mean values of Bennett angle on the side of impact, and Bennett angle on the opposite side is greater than the mean found in non-injured athletes. Significantly smaller Bennett angle values in athletes with a history of a blow to one side of the mandible are due to the adaptability of the orofacial system. The larger Bennett angle on the opposite side of the injury is also due to the adaptive mechanism of the TMJ. Clinical Relevance: An individualized approach to TMJ values is mandatory in restorative procedures in every patient, especially in patients with a history of trauma to the orofacial system.
This is a case of a 35-year-old patient who was selected to participate in the humanitarian project of a complete oral rehabilitation and quality of life improvement. The project was carried out by ...the dean, professors, teaching assistants and students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health in Osijek. Patient's oral cavity status was incongruent with his age due to the extensive inflammatory disease and active caries on multiple teeth. Further progression of dental disease in this patient would have led to a complete loss of function, alveolar ridge resorption and edentulousness of the both laws. Clinical examination revealed the following: decay of the teeth 18, 13, 12, 23, 33, 43 (FDI system), dental attrition of teeth 32, 31, 41, 42, root remnants 15, 14, 11, 24, 26, 27, 38, 37, 36, 35 and 34, periodontitis and periapical periodontitis. Extensive dental reparative work has been done in this patient and he was prepared for the upcoming prosthetic work.
This is a case of a 35-year-old patient who was selected to participate
in the humanitarian project of a complete oral rehabilitation and quality of
life improvement. The project was carried out by ...the dean, professors, teaching
assistants and students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health in Osijek.
Patient’s oral cavity status was incongruent with his age due to the extensive
inflammatory disease and active caries on multiple teeth. Further progression
of dental disease in this patient would have led to a complete loss of
function, alveolar ridge resorption and edentulousness of the both jaws. Clinical
examination revealed the following: decay of the teeth 18, 13, 12, 23, 33, 43
(FDI system), dental attrition of teeth 32, 31, 41, 42, root remnants 15, 14,
11, 24, 26, 27, 38, 37, 36, 35 and 34, periodontitis and periapical
periodontitis. Extensive dental reparative work has been done in this patient
and he was prepared for the upcoming prosthetic work.
Ovo je slučaj 35-godišnjega pacijenta koji je izabran za sudjelovanje u humanitarnom projektu s ciljem cjelovite oralne rehabilitacije i poboljšanja kvalitete života koja je pokrenuta od strane dekana, profesora, asistenata te studenata Fakulteta za dentalnu medicinu i zdravlje u Osijeku. Stanje pacijentove oralne šupljine nije bilo u skladu s njegovim godinama zbog opsežne upalne bolesti i aktivnoga zubnog karijesa na mnogima od preostalih zubi. Daljnja progresija dentalne bolesti dovela bi do potpunoga gubitka funkcije, resorpcije alveolarnoga grebena te kompletne anodoncije obje čeljusti. Kliničkim pregledom ustanovljeno je sljedeće: infektivna bolest karijes na zubima 18, 13, 12, 23, 33, 43, dentalna atricija zuba 32, 31, 41 42, zaostali korjenovi na mjestu zuba 15, 14, 11, 24, 26, 27, 38, 37, 36, 35 i 34 te parodontitis i periapikalni procesi. Na ovom pacijentu obavljeni su opsežni dentalni reparativni zahvati koji su ujedno činili pripremu za daljnji protetski rad, koji je također u planu kao dio ovoga projekta.
This is a case of a 35-year-old patient who was selected to participate in the humanitarian project of a complete oral rehabilitation and quality of life improvement. The project was carried out by ...the dean, professors, teaching assistants and students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health in Osijek. Patient’s oral cavity status was incongruent with his age due to the extensive inflammatory disease and active caries on multiple teeth. Further progression of dental disease in this patient would have led to a complete loss of function, alveolar ridge resorption and edentulousness of the both laws. Clinical examination revealed the following: decay of the teeth 18, 13, 12, 23, 33, 43 (FDI system), dental attrition of teeth 32, 31, 41, 42, root remnants 15, 14, 11, 24, 26, 27, 38, 37, 36, 35 and 34, periodontitis and periapical periodontitis. Extensive dental reparative work has been done in this patient and he was prepared for the upcoming prosthetic work.
Display omitted
•We have developed a novel non-destructive Aphanomyces astaci-detection protocol.•The method detects A. astaci DNA in cuticle-associated biofilm of infected or carrier animals.•The ...new method is applicable in monitoring of A. astaci in endangered crayfish species.
The pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, transmitted mainly by invasive North American crayfish, causes the crayfish plague, a disease mostly lethal for native European crayfish. Due to its decimating effects on native crayfish populations in the last century, A. astaci has been listed among the 100 worst invasive species. Importantly, detecting the pathogen in endangered native crayfish populations before a disease outbreak would provide a starting point in the development of effective control measures. However, current A. astaci-detection protocols either rely on degradation-prone eDNA isolated from large volumes of water or, if focused on individual animals, include killing the crayfish. We developed a non-destructive method that detects A. astaci DNA in the microbial biofilm associated with the cuticle of individual crayfish, without the need for destructive sampling. Efficiency of the new method was confirmed by PCR and qPCR and the obtained results were congruent with the traditional destructive sampling method. Additionally, we demonstrated the applicability of the method for A. astaci monitoring in natural populations. We propose that the new method should be used in future monitoring of A. astaci presence in endangered European native crayfish individuals as an alternative to eDNA-based monitoring.
Invasive alien crayfish threaten the diversity of freshwater ecosystems and native crayfish fauna. In Europe, this is largely due to transmission of the crayfish plague to susceptible native ...crayfish. Many invasive species tolerate crayfish plague, but the infection still has the potential to reduce the fitness of a tolerant host due to energy trade-offs between immune response maintenance and life-history traits, such as growth and reproduction. In combination with other unfavourable conditions, such a response could alter further invasion success of an otherwise successful crayfish invader. We examined whether repeated infection with one of the most virulent haplogroups of crayfish plague agent (
Aphanomyces astaci
) affects growth or survival of the juvenile marbled crayfish (
Procambarus virginalis
). Juveniles were exposed to i) two levels of pathogen concentrations, and ii) two different feeding regimes under the higher pathogen concentration. In all performed trials, repeated infection reduced growth rates, while the combination of recurring infection and food limitation significantly increased mortality. The average energy cost of the immune response was estimated at 12.07 J/day for individuals weighing 0.3 grams. Since infections were frequent and pathogen concentrations high, results suggest that marbled crayfish is resistant to
A. astaci
pathogen and its survival is only affected by adding the stress of food limitation. The survival of almost half of the individuals exposed to high pathogen loads and extreme food limitation indicates that chronic infection by crayfish plague is unlikely to be an important factor impeding invasion success of the marbled crayfish, even under harsh conditions. Our results add to the growing body of evidence that marbled crayfish has potential to become one of the most successful freshwater invaders.
Schizophrenia is one of the most widespread and complex mental disorders. To characterize the impact of schizophrenia, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of >220,000 neurons from ...the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia and matched controls. In addition, >115,000 neurons were analyzed topographically by immunohistochemistry. Compositional analysis of snRNA-seq data revealed a reduction in abundance of GABAergic neurons and a concomitant increase in principal neurons, most pronounced for upper cortical layer subtypes, which was substantiated by histological analysis. Many neuronal subtypes showed extensive transcriptomic changes, the most marked in upper-layer GABAergic neurons, including down-regulation in energy metabolism and up-regulation in neurotransmission. Transcription factor network analysis demonstrated a developmental origin of transcriptomic changes. Last, Visium spatial transcriptomics further corroborated upper-layer neuron vulnerability in schizophrenia. Overall, our results point toward general network impairment within upper cortical layers as a core substrate associated with schizophrenia symptomatology.
Single-cell and spatial analyses reveal upper cortical neurons are the most vulnerable in schizophrenia.
PDF
