The development of intelligent traffic systems can benefit from the pervasiveness of IoT technologies. In recent years, increasing numbers of devices are connected to the IoT, and new kinds of ...heterogeneous data sources have been generated. This leads to traffic systems that exist in extended dimensions of data space. Although cloud computing can provide essential services that reduce the computational load on IoT devices, it has its limitations: high network bandwidth consumption, high latency, and high privacy risks. To alleviate these problems, edge computing has emerged to reduce the computational load for achieving TDaaS in a dynamic way. However, how to drive all edge servers' work and meet data service requirements is still a key issue. To address this challenge, this article proposes a novel three-level transparency-of-traffic-data service framework, that is, a KID-driven TEC computing paradigm. Its aim is to enable edge servers to cooperatively work with a cloud server. A case study is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed new computing paradigm with associated mechanisms. The performance of the proposed system is also compared to other methods.
Abstract
Over the last decade, more than 10 independent SNPs have been discovered to be associated with the risk of renal cell carcinoma among different populations. However, the biological functions ...of them remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed eQTL analysis, ChIP-PCR, luciferase reporter assay, and Cox regression analysis to identify the functional role and underlying mechanism of rs67311347 in RCC. The ENCORI database, which contains the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interactions, was used to explore the possible target miRNA of ENTPD3-AS1. The results showed that the G > A mutation of rs67311347 created a binding motif of ZNF8 and subsequently upregulated ENTPD3-AS1 expression by acting as an enhancer. The TCGA-KIRC and our cohorts both confirmed the downregulation of ENTPD3-AS1 in RCC tissues and demonstrated that increased ENTPD3-AS1 expression was associated with good OS and PFS. Furthermore, ENTPD3-AS1 interacted with miR-155-5p and activated the expression of HIF-1α, which was an important tumor suppressor gene in the development of RCC. The functional experiments revealed that overexpression of ENTPD3-AS1 inhibited cell proliferation in RCC cell lines and the effect could be rescued by knocking down HIF-1α. Our findings reveal that SNP-mediated lncRNA-ENTPD3-AS1 upregulation suppresses renal cell carcinoma via miR-155/HIF-1α signaling.
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite photodetectors have been reported to possess superior optoelectronic properties, such as high sensitivity, ultrafast response, and capability of strongly absorbing ...the light in the visible range. While in the near‐infrared range, the performances of these photodetectors deteriorate seriously, originating from the weak coupling of infrared light to the perovskites. In this study, an organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite photodetector on arrays of Au nanostructures is fabricated, which exhibits a remarkable photocurrent enhancement in the visible and near‐infrared range, ascribed to the huge localized electric field induced by the surface plasmon resonance of Au nanostructures. The maximum external quantum efficiency of this photodetector is as high as about 65%, 2.5 times that on a usual Si/SiO2 substrate without Au nanostructures. Obviously, by exploiting Au nanostructures, the light harvesting ability of the photodetector breaks through the perovskite absorption edge, and extends to the near‐infrared range.
A broadband perovskite photodetector, based on plasmonic‐functionalized multilayer substrate, displays an extended response spectrum beyond the ordinary visible‐light into the near‐infrared region. By using the enhanced localized electrical field from the plasmonic substrate, this device shows improved external quantum efficiency, low dark current, and high specific detectivity at zero bias.
•Revealing the influences of time, space and external load on the future mechanical behavior of tunnel structure.•Coupling mechanism of different influencing factors for the prediction of structural ...mechanical behavior.•Interdisciplinary application of mechanical analysis and big data technology.
Predicting the future mechanical behavior of tunnel structure is vitally important to prevent accident disasters. However, in most of the existing models, the inadequate consideration for influencing factors reduced the final prediction accuracy. To this end, this study aims to develop an accurate prediction model considering the coupling effects of multiple influencing factors. First, the framework of model integrates the effects of Temporal, Spatial, and Load (TSL) dependencies is developed based on deep learning algorithm. Subsequently, TSL is formulated on the monitoring data obtained from the Wuhan Yangtze River tunnel and used to predict the mechanical behavior of this study case under an extreme condition. Through a series of experiments, the necessity of considering the coupling effects of multiple influencing factors is verified, and the parameter effects on model predictive capability are discussed. In addition, some commonly used prediction models, such as RNN, LSTM, Xgboost, SVR, LR, are selected as baselines to compare with TSL. Experimental results indicate that the predictive ability of TSL is superior among all models, whose accuracy improves 2.853% in next 15 days prediction. Therefore, it is essential to consider the couple effects of multiple factors, and the presented model is reasonable.
Blockchain-based mobile edge computing (BMEC) solves the problem of limited computing resources of devices in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, there are some security threats in the blockchain ...environment, among which the attacks against consensus algorithms are particularly serious, such as double-spending attacks and long-range attacks. These attacks target the block proposal or validation process, which compromise the integrity of the BMEC by overwriting the correct block record with the wrong block record. In this article,we propose a scheme to solve the above problem by using the cooperative threshold signature and group management scheme to protect the block validity. The blockchain process of a single node is controlled in a group cooperative way, and each new block is regarded as a valid block only if it has a valid threshold signature for the group to which it belongs. Concretely, the system is initialized by a cooperative distributed key generation protocol, the device management protocol uses a resident node to ensure the security and efficiency of device join and leave, and the signature issuing protocol can tolerate a certain degree of exceptions of nodes within the group. We analyze the resistance ability of the scheme against consensus attacks, prove the security of the scheme, and analyze the computing and communication efficiency. Experimental evaluations on the protocols of the proposed scheme have been conducted on cloud virtual machines and embedded boards, including Raspberry Pi and UP2 Grove, which indicated that the scheme is efficient in practical scenarios.
Massive data collected by automated fare collection (AFC) systems provide opportunities for studying both personal traveling behaviors and collective mobility patterns in urban areas. Existing ...studies on AFC data have primarily focused on identifying passengers' movement patterns. However, we creatively leveraged such data for identifying pickpocket suspects. Stopping pickpockets in the public transit system has been crucial for improving passenger satisfaction and public safety. Nonetheless, in practice, it is challenging to discern thieves from regular passengers. In this paper, we developed a suspect detection and surveillance system, which can identify pickpocket suspects based on their daily transit records. Specifically, we first extracted a number of useful features from each passenger's daily activities in the transit system. Then, we took a two-step approach that exploits the strengths of unsupervised outlier detection and supervised classification models to identify thieves, who typically exhibit abnormal traveling behaviors. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of our method. We also developed a prototype system for potential uses by security personnel.
Due to its deep utilization of geobrine and its high net power output, the binary-flashing cycle (BFC) is deemed to be the future geothermal energy power generation technology. The working fluids ...considered in present analysis are zeotropic mixtures (R245/R600a). The system thermodynamic model is built, and the energy and conventional and advanced exergy analyses are carried out to reveal the real optimization potential. It is demonstrated that the optimal ranges of R245fa mass fraction and working fluid dryness at the evaporator outlet are 0.30~0.50 and 0.40~0.60, considering the thermodynamic performance and the flammability of the zeotropic mixtures, simultaneously. Conventional exergy analysis indicates that the maximum exergy destruction occurs in the condenser, followed by the expander, evaporator, flashing tank, preheater, high-pressure pump and low-pressure pump. Meanwhile, the advanced exergy analysis reveals that the expander should be given the first priority for optimization, followed by the condenser and evaporator. The BFC has a large potential for improvement due to higher avoidable exergy destruction, about 48.6% of the total system exergy destruction can be reduced. Moreover, the interconnections among system components are not very strong, owing to small exogenous exergy destructions. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of advanced exergy analysis, and the approach can be extended to other energy conversion systems to maximize the energy and exergy savings for sustainable development.
A comparative understanding of effluent quality of decentralized on-site wastewater treatment systems, particularly for contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), remains less understood than effluent ...quality from centralized municipal wastewater treatment plants. Using a novel experimental facility with common influent wastewater, effluent water quality from a decentralized advanced aerobic treatment system (ATS) and a typical septic treatment system (STS) coupled to a subsurface flow constructed wetland (WET) were compared to effluent from a centralized municipal treatment plant (MTP). The STS did not include soil treatment, which may represent a system not functioning properly. Occurrence and discharge of a range of CECs were examined using isotope dilution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry during fall and winter seasons. Conventional parameters, including total suspended solids, carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand and nutrients were also evaluated from each treatment system. Water quality of these effluents was further examined using a therapeutic hazard modeling approach. Of 19 CECs targeted for study, the benzodiazepine pharmaceutical diazepam was the only CEC not detected in all wastewater influent and effluent samples over two sampling seasons. Diphenhydramine, codeine, diltiazem, atenolol, and diclofenac exhibited significant (p<0.05) seasonal differences in wastewater influent concentrations. Removal of CECs by these wastewater treatment systems was generally not influenced by season. However, significant differences (p<0.05) for a range of water quality indicators were observed among the various treatment technologies. For example, removal of most CECs by ATS was generally comparable to MTP. Lowest removal of most CECs was observed for STS; however, removal was improved when coupling the STS to a WET. Across the treatment systems examined, the majority of pharmaceuticals observed in on-site and municipal effluent discharges were predicted to potentially present therapeutic hazards to fish.
•An analysis of effluents from wastewater systems receiving a common influent was performed.•Seasonal differences of select pharmaceuticals were identified in influent wastewater.•Removal of pharmaceuticals by an advanced aerobic onsite system compared to a centralized system•Various pharmaceuticals in effluents were predicted to present therapeutic hazards to fish.
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