This paper describes the modes of occurrence of significantly-enriched barium in a Jurassic coal in the Ordos Basin, northern China. A total of 14 bench samples were taken from a mining face in the ...Huangling 2 Mine, situated southeastern of the Ordos Basin, China. The coal investigated in this study is characterized by high volatile matter, low ash yield, and low sulfur content. The average content of barium (5728μg/g) is about 36 times higher than that of common Chinese coals. SEM–EDS data show that the carriers of barium are witherite and strontianite, both of which are of epigenetic origin. It is inferred that the barium was originated from the Ba-ore deposits in the black shales in the Qinling Mountains, located to the south of the Ordos Basin.
This paper presents an aerostat developed in the shape of an ellipsoid, which is a cross between a ball and a water droplet. This aerostat is equipped with four vectored thrusters. Its coefficient of ...forward drag is smaller than that of the spherical aerostat, and its lift efficiency is higher than that of the conventional airship. To allocate control among the multi-vectored thrusters, a control system based on pseudo-inverse dynamics is designed. A reconfiguration strategy is also proposed to reallocate actuators in case of control actuator failure. Three diagonal weight matrices are combined to represent all possible failure situations occurred on vectored thruster, they make the reconfigurable controller more general. Based on simulation results under different fault situations, the reconfigurable control system performs more effectively than a normal control system in cases of actuator failure, even when more than one actuator fails. Reconfigurable ability of controller also validated in real flight experiment.
Material transfer behaviour between a Ti6Al4V blade and an Al–hBN abradable coating during high-speed rubbing was investigated by a high-speed rubbing test rig built by our research group. The ...effects of single pass depth and linear speed were studied. The transfer mechanism was discussed on the basis of observations of the blade and coating surface and section morphologies as well as comparisons between section morphologies of the coating transfer layer and the original coating. Material transfer from the coating to the blade was significant under the condition of high linear speed and low single pass depth. The coating transfer layer adhered to the blade at low linear speeds, whereas it was melted and smeared on the blade at high linear speeds. With an increase of the linear speed at a constant single pass depth, the wear mechanism of the coating changed from cutting and micro-rupture to plastic flow and melting. The high frictional heat brought about by the high linear speed was found to be the requirement of coating transfer, and the low single pass depth was the key to accumulation of the transfer on the blade.
•Material transfer behaviour between a Ti6Al4V blade and an Al–hBN abradable coating during high-speed rubbing was investigated.•The effects of single pass depth and linear speed were researched.•The high frictional heat brought about by the high linear speed was found to be the requirement of coating transfer.•The low single pass depth was the key to accumulation of the transfer on the blade.
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype-9 (AAV-9) has attracted great attention as an optimal vehicle for body-wide gene delivery. Here we examined the effect of animal age (newborn vs adult) and the ...route of administration (intravenous vs intra-arterial) on systemic AAV-9 transduction. We delivered an alkaline phosphatase (AP) reporter gene AAV vector (AV.RSV.AP) to either newborn (via either the facial vein or the left ventricular cavity) or adult (via tail vein) C57Bl/10 mice. At 12 weeks' postinfection, we examined the AP expression. We observed efficient transduction in multiple skeletal muscles and the heart, irrespective of the age or delivery route. However, the soleus muscle, which consists mainly of slow-twitch myofibers, was poorly transduced. Besides striated muscle, we also found consistent high-level transduction in the lung. Abundant AP-positive cells were seen in alveolar cells and vasculature, but not in bronchioles. Interestingly, several organs demonstrated an age-dependent profile. In particular, the aorta, liver and kidney were preferentially transduced in adult mice while the inner layer of retina was strongly transduced only following the neonatal administration. Taken together, our results demonstrate the robustness of intravascular AAV-9 delivery for muscle and lung gene therapy applications. The unique expression patterns in the aorta, liver, kidney and retina call for special attention when designing AAV-9 gene therapy applications for these organs.
Abstract This retrospective study evaluated the potential influence of the sagittal fracture pattern and articular disc displacement on the development of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. 33 ...sagittal fractures of mandibular condyles (SFMCs) in 19 patients were treated conservatively and were divided into non-ankylosis and ankylosis groups based on their prognosis. Using computed tomography (CT) images, the SFMCs were classified into types I, II and III, and the displacement of the articular disc was investigated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). There were 19 (58%) SFMCs in the non-ankylosis group: 5 were type I SFMCs, which did not show any disc displacement; the other 14 were type II SFMCs, which included 5 cases without disc displacement and 9 cases with disc displacement. In the non-ankylosis group, the lateral poles were completely or incompletely covered by the discs. There were 14 (42%) SFMCs in the ankylosis group, all of which were type III SFMCs showing disc displacement, and the lateral poles in these cases were not covered by the discs. This investigation confirmed that the disc position was highly associated with the position of the fractured fragment and that some SFMC patterns, especially type III SFMCs, indicated a high risk of TMJ ankylosis.
Increasing evidence indicates that depression affects bone metabolism to some extent, but the specific mechanisms are still unclear. Numerous studies have confirmed that a variety of signaling ...molecules are involved in depression's impact on fracture healing, including serum monoamine neurotransmitters, cytokines, inflammatory markers, growth factors, and metabolites. This article comprehensively discusses the effects of depression-associated signaling molecules on bone metabolism and their underlying mechanisms to provide a basis for early preventive intervention for delayed fracture healing in patients with depression.
We investigated the heart structural remodeling in the mdx4cv mouse model of Duchenne cardiomyopathy using optical polarization tractography. Whole heart tractography was obtained in freshly ...dissected hearts from six mdx4cv mice. Six hearts from C57BL/6J mice were also imaged as the normal control. The mdx4cv hearts were significantly larger than the control hearts and had significantly higher between-subject variations in myofiber organization. While both strains showed classic cross-helical fiber organization in the left ventricle, the rate of the myocardial fiber orientation change across the heart wall was significantly altered in the right ventricle of the mdx4cv heart.
This study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of polyphenol compounds (PC) from
Sargassum fusiforme.
The PC were consequently applied as the functional ingredient in ...preparing facial cleaner emulsions. The effects of the ratio of cosolvent (glycerol and 1,2-propanediol) (
R
Gl:PG
) and mixing speed (
V
m
) on the droplet size and rheological behavior of the facial cleaner emulsions containing PC were also investigated. The PC of
S. fusiforme
showed a high total phlorotannin content (88.48 ± 0.30 mg PGE (100 mg)
−1
extract), a high antioxidant activity (IC
50
of 10.93 μg mL
−1
), and a high anti-inflammatory activity in the model 2 (inflammation prevention model). The antioxidant activity was better than that of the commercial antioxidant Trolox and the anti-inflammatory activity was similar to that of the anti-inflammatory chemical Dexamethasone. The facial cleaner emulsion containing the ratio of cosolvent of 1:1 and mixing speed of 300 rpm was found to be most stable as confirmed by minimal changes of mean diameter and microstructure within the examined storage period. This emulsion showed relatively higher viscosity, lower phase angle, stronger thixotropy, and exhibited similar non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior and thixotropy, as compared to two commercially available emulsions. The PC of
S. fusiforme
exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities which could be employed as active ingredients in cosmetics. The stable cosolvent emulsion system was successfully established, providing a practical approach for application of
S. fusiforme
PC in the cosmetic industry.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multifaceted pathological condition characterized by the atypical accumulation of various metabolic components such as central obesity or excess weight, hyperlipidemia, ...low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hypertension, and insulin resistance. Recently, MS has been recognized as a notable contributor to heart and circulatory diseases. In addition, with increasing research, the impact of MS on tendon repair and disease has gradually emerged. Recent studies have investigated the relationship between tendon healing and diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and other metabolic disorders. However, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and various metabolic disorders often coexist and together constitute MS. At present, insulin resistance is considered the major pathological mechanism underlying MS, central obesity is regarded as the predominant factor responsible for it, and dyslipidemia and other metabolic diseases are known as secondary contributors to MS. This review aims to evaluate the current literature regarding the impact of various pathological conditions in MS on tendon recovery and illness, and to present a comprehensive overview of the effects of MS on tendon recovery and diseases, along with the accompanying molecular mechanisms.
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a common primary bone tumor with latent malignant tendency. GCTB is prone to occur around the knee joint, and surgery is the major treatment method. There are ...relatively few reports on denosumab in the treatment of recurrent GCTB around the knee joint and postoperative function evaluation of patients. This research aimed to explore the appropriate surgical options for the treatment of recurrent GCTB around the knee joint.
19 patients with recurrent GCTB around the knee joint, who were admitted to Hospital for 3 months following denosumab treatment from January 2016 to December 2019, were included as the research subjects. The prognosis was compared between patients treated with curettage combined with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and those with extensive-resection replacement of tumor prosthesis (RTP). A deep learning model of Inception-v3 combined with a Faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster-RCNN) was constructed to classify and identify X-ray images of patients. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score, short form-36 (SF-36) score, recurrence, and the rate of complications were also analyzed during the follow-up period.
The results showed that the Inception-v3 model trained on the low-rank sparse loss function was obviously the best for X-ray image classification, and the classification and identification effect of the Faster-RCNN model was significantly better than that of the convolutional neural network (CNN), U-Net, and Fast region-based convolutional neural network (Fast-RCNN) models. During the follow-up period, the MSTS score in the PMMA group was significantly higher than that in the RTP group (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the SF-36 score, recurrence, and the rate of complications (p>0.05).
The deep learning model could improve the classification and identification of the lesion location in the X-ray images of GCTB patients. Denosumab was an effective adjuvant for recurrent GCTB, and widely extensive-resection RTP could reduce the risk of local recurrence after denosumab treatment for recurrent GCTB.
PDF
