For the first time, in the current work, a dynamic stability analysis of a tilted curved pipe in a supersonic airflow under thermal loading is presented. The heat-transfer continuum problem is used ...for simulating the thermal environment conditions. The tilted pipe is reinforced by carbon nanotube agglomerations (CNTAs). For simulating the displacement fields of the current structure, Quasi-2D refined high order shear deformation theory is studied. The verification segment is divided into two parts. In the first and second sections, the credibility of the results of this study are confirmed by the results extracted using COMSOL multiphysics software and published articles in the literature, respectively. The results show that Mach number, hydrodynamic pressure, temperature change, yaw angle, and geometry properties of the current structure have a significant impact on the frequency information of the tilted curved pipe reinforced by CNTAs in supersonic airflow. One of the presented results is that the effects from volume fraction of clusters in the representative value element, amount of CNTs located outside the clusters, and the highest value related to the volume fraction of the CNT, parameters on the supersonic airflow characteristics of the system are more considerable at the higher value of the length to radius ratio of the pipe.
As environmental pollution has become more and more serious, in order to alleviate environmental and energy problems, people have begun to find new ways of governance in environmental management. ...Many countries have proposed to incorporate environmental performance into corporate performance for assessment. Under the historical background that the construction of ecological civilization has risen to a national strategy, the research on corporate environmental performance has attracted more and more attention. This paper constructs an environmental performance evaluation index system, evaluates the environmental performance of the enterprise, finds out the problems in the environmental performance of the enterprise, and proposes improvement suggestions. This is conducive to the change of the environmental policy of the enterprise, the improvement of the environmental performance level of the enterprise, and the protection of the ecological environment. This article introduces the mobile communication network, constructs the LMS model of the satellite mobile communication system, and analyzes the structure and main functions of the model. The article explains the role of corporate environmental governance, builds an environmental performance indicator system, selects several companies to evaluate the environmental governance performance of the past two years, and obtains the comprehensive performance index, stress index, state improvement index, and response index of the four companies in 2020. The four indexes of company A are 1.28, 1.3, 12, and 1.45, and the four indexes of company B are 2.96, 3.1, 8, and 2.9.
Acute liver injury (ALI) in children, which commonly leads to acute liver failure (ALF) with the need for liver transplantation, is a devastating life-threatening condition. As the orchestrated ...regulation of immune hemostasis in the liver is essential for resolving excess inflammation and promoting liver repair in a timely manner, in this study we focused on the immune inflammation and regulation with the functional involvement of both innate and adaptive immune cells in acute liver injury progression. In the context of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, it was also important to incorporate insights from the immunological perspective for the hepatic involvement with SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the acute severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children since it was first reported in March 2022. Furthermore, molecular crosstalk between immune cells concerning the roles of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in triggering immune responses through different signaling pathways plays an essential role in the process of liver injury. In addition, we also focused on DAMPs such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), as well as on macrophage mitochondrial DNA-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway in liver injury. Our review also highlighted novel therapeutic approaches targeting molecular and cellular crosstalk and cell-based therapy, providing a future outlook for the treatment of acute liver injury.
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is the most common vasculitis of childhood. Disordered immune responses play important roles in its pathogenesis, but the comprehensive immune profile of the ...disease and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Here we found a potential disease biomarker cold inducible RNA binding protein (CIRP) in our pediatric IgAV cohort. Serum CIRP level in these patients were elevated and positively correlated with the increased early memory (CD45RA+CD62L+CD95+) T cells revealed using multicolor flow cytometry. Immune phenotyping of the patients showed they had more activated T cells with higher IL6Ra expression. T cell culture experiment showed CIRP further activated both human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as indicated by increased perforin secretion and phosphorylation of STAT3. Blockade of IL6Rα attenuated CIRP-induced T cell toxicity in vitro. RNA-sequencing data further supported CIRP stimulation promoted human T cell activation and migration, fueled inflammation through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Therefore, IL6Ra-mediated T cell activation by extracellular CIRP may contribute to pathogenesis of IgAV in children, both CIRP and IL6Ra could be new therapeutic targets for IgAV.
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•Higher CIRP level in pediatric patients with IgAV correlated with the disease.•T cells in pediatric IgAV patients were more activated with higher IL6Ra expression.•CIRP directly co-activated human T cells in JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.•Blockade of IL6Ra attenuated CIRP-induced T cell activation.
Field ridges are commonly viewed as the stable semi-natural habitats for maintaining plant diversity in the agricultural landscape. The high plant diversity could further support higher animal ...diversity. But following the adoption of well-facilitated farmland construction measures in China, many field ridges have been disproportionately neglected or destroyed. Empirical studies delineating the relationships between plant and animal diversity in these field ridges in the paddy landscape remain scant, especially in China, which has the most rice production. A two-year field ridge evaluation was conducted in the Chengdu Plain area, covering 30 paddy landscapes. This investigation scrutinizes the shape attributes of field ridges, their plant diversity, and the associated animal α-diversity and community compositions, including spiders, carabids, birds, frogs, and rice planthoppers. In the results of Pearson’s correlation analysis, a significant inconsistent correlation was observed between plant diversity and animal diversity. The analysis of community structure heterogeneity also revealed no correspondence for species composition between plant and animal communities (i.e., spiders, carabids, and birds), while the non-metric multidimensional scale analysis indicated a substantial difference in the species composition of spiders or plants even within the same field ridge between 2020 and 2021. We argue that the implementation of intensive management practices in paddy landscapes, such as machine ploughing and harvesting and herbicide spraying with drones, leads to a scarcity of stable animal and plant communities in field ridges. Therefore, besides retaining these field ridges in paddy landscapes, maintaining the long-term stable ridges by refraining from herbicide spraying or artificial weeding, as well as avoiding winter wheat cultivating in field ridges, will contribute to protecting biodiversity of field ridges as semi-natural habitats.
Technical improvement of gastrojejunostomy is critical in bariatric and metabolic surgery. In this study, a novel magnetic compression approach for gastrojejunostomy was evaluated.
Both cylindrical ...and rectangular magnets were used in rabbits, and the magnets were named according to their location. All the magnets were perorally introduced into the stomach. The position of the jejunal magnet was controlled by a connecting line. When the jejunal magnet spontaneously entered the jejunum, the gastric magnet was introduced into the stomach. An extracorporeal magnet was used to guide these two magnets together, and the magnet pair was left to create a side-to-side anastomosis. The state of the animals and extrusion time of the magnets were observed. The anastomoses were evaluated by burst pressure and histology.
Gastrojejunostomy was successfully established in all animals. Cylindrical and rectangular magnets spontaneously entered the jejunum through the pylorus within 2.4 ± 0.5 and 6.0 ± 0.8 d, respectively (P < 0.01). The cylindrical and rectangular magnet pairs fell off within 15.3 ± 0.8 and 11.9 ± 1.1 d, respectively (P < 0.01). The burst pressures were statistically similar between the two types of magnets (P > 0.05). Histological examination showed sealed anastomoses with mild inflammation of the mucosa and fibrosis within the submucosa.
The feasibility and efficacy of establishing gastrojejunostomy by guidewire introduction of magnets, which were guided together with an extracorporeal magnet, were confirmed in rabbits. In humans, with the clinical use of this procedure, surgery would be greatly simplified.
Designing efficient and low‐cost catalysts for generation of cinnamyl alcohol (CMO) from cinnamaldehyde (CMA) hydrogenation is of practical value. Herein, layered double hydroxide supported Pt ...nanoparticles (Pt‐s/LDH) were prepared by in‐situ reduction of PtCl62− in PtCl62−‐LDH with ethylene glycol, and the PtCl62− was intercalated in LDH by ion‐exchange method. The characterization results verify that small Pt nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on LDH with average diameter of 1.9 nm and narrow size distribution. The prepared Pt‐s/LDH catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance for selective hydrogenation of CMA under relatively mild reaction conditions (80 °C, 2 MPa H2) with high turnover frequency (TOF) (0.574 s−1) and CMA conversion (92.6 %). Furthermore, the CMA conversion rate and CMO selectivity remain almost unchanged after the fourth run compared with the results of the first run. This study provides an effective route for synthesis of efficient and stable LDH‐supported metal catalysts.
Pt supported on layered double hydroxides (Pt‐s/LDH) catalyst with average diameter of 1.9 nm and narrow size distribution of Pt nanoparticles is successfully prepared through PtCl62− ion exchange with NO32− in LDH (layered double hydroxides) followed by in‐situ reduction, exhibiting good stability as well as excellent catalytic performance under relatively mild reaction conditions (80 °C, 2 MPa H2) with high turnover frequency (TOF) (0.574 s−1) and CMA (cinnamaldehyde) conversion (92.6 %).
