The global polarization of Λ hyperons along the total orbital angular momentum of a relativistic heavy-ion collision is presented based on the high statistics data samples collected in Au+Au ...collisions at sNN=2.4 GeV and Ag+Ag at 2.55 GeV with the High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI, Darmstadt. This is the first measurement below the strangeness production threshold in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Results are reported as a function of the collision centrality as well as a function of the hyperon's transverse momentum (pT) and rapidity (yCM) for the range of centrality 0–40%. We observe a strong centrality dependence of the polarization with an increasing signal towards peripheral collisions. For mid-central (20 – 40%) collisions the polarization magnitudes are 〈PΛ〉(%)=6.8±1.3(stat.)±2.1(syst.) for Au+Au and 〈PΛ〉(%)=6.2±0.4(stat.)±0.6(syst.) for Ag+Ag, which are the largest values observed so far. This observation thus provides a continuation of the increasing trend previously observed by STAR and contrasts expectations from recent theoretical calculations predicting a maximum in the region of collision energies about 3 GeV. The observed polarization is of a similar magnitude as predicted by 3D-fluid-dynamics and the UrQMD plus thermal vorticity model and significantly above results from the AMPT model.
Late radiation tissue injury is a serious complication of radiotherapy for patients with gynecologic malignancies. Strategies for managing pain and other clinical features have limited efficacy; ...however, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO(2)) may be an effective option for some patients.
In a systematic review of the literature, the Ovid medline, embase, Cochrane Library, National Guidelines Clearinghouse, and Canadian Medical Association Infobase databases were searched to June 2009 for clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, or other relevant evidence. Studies that did not evaluate soft tissue necrosis, cystitis, proctitis, bone necrosis, and other complications were excluded.
Two randomized trials, eleven nonrandomized studies, and five supporting documents comprise the evidence base. In addition, information on the harms and safety of treatment with HBO(2) were reported in three additional sources. There is modest direct evidence and emerging indirect evidence that the use of HBO(2) is broadly effective for late radiation tissue injury of the pelvis in women treated for gynecologic malignancies.
Based on the evidence and expert consensus opinion, HBO(2) is likely effective for late radiation tissue injury of the pelvis, with demonstrated efficacy specifically for radiation damage to the anus and rectum;the main indication for HBO(2) therapy in gynecologic oncology is in the management of otherwise refractory chronic radiation injury;HBO(2) may provide symptomatic benefit in certain clinical settings (for example, cystitis, soft-tissue necrosis, and osteonecrosis); andHBO(2) may reduce the complications of gynecologic surgery in patients undergoing surgical removal of necrosis.
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most disturbing diseases of wheat worldwide. Resistant cultivars are the best strategy to control the disease. Importantly, ...the mechanisms of susceptibility and resistance are required urgently. As a result of wheat inoculation, disease severity, disease symptoms and electrolyte leakage were decreased significantly in resistant cultivars compared with susceptible ones, however, chlorophyll a and b concentrations were increased significantly in the resistant cultivars. Yr18 resistant gene, over accumulated in resistant cultivars, resulted in a much greater of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly superoxide (O^sub 2^^sup ·-^) and hydrogen peroxide (H^sub 2^O^sub 2^) accumulation and lower catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities together. Susceptible wheat cultivar inoculated with P. striiformis was colonized extensively, produced large amount of spores, intercellular hyphae and haustoria, compared with the resistant cultivar in which the haustoria and hyphae were restricted and abnormally developed.
Abstract
Background
Three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is an ideal modality for accurate assessment of myocardial deformation, the Novel 4D-Global Area strain (GAS) is a very ...sensitive parameter in detection of subtle changes involving the myocardium as it encompasses both global longitudinal and global circumferential strains .
Objectives
To investigate the predictive value of four dimensional (4D) strain echocardiography for major adverse cardio-vascular events (MACE) in ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) after successful reperfusion by primary PCI.
Methods
171 patients who underwent successful primary PCI were enrolled and properly examined by 2D and 4D echocardiography with 4D strain parameters evaluation then followed up all-over a year for the occurrence of Major adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) .
Results
Thirty two MACE were recorded in 170 patients who completed the follow-up period for one year, compared with those without MACE, patients with MACE had PTCA done during the index Primary PCI intervention, had multi-vessel CAD affection, higher LVEDD, higher LVESD, lower 2D- LVEF, higher WMSI, higher baseline HR, higher EDV and ESV, lower 3D- LVEF, higher 3D-GLS, 3D-GCS and 3D-GAS with lower 3D-GRS, all with p-values < 0.005. Multi-variant logistic regression analysis showed that GAS was the most powerful predictor for MACE among our study population with the best cut-off value of 3D-GAS> -17, with p-value of (0.008) OR (20.668), CI (2.227-191.827) with relative risk of adverse events of 18.205 (95% CI 6.976- 47.506 – P value < 0.001).
Conclusion
Our data supports the superiority of 4D strain echocardiography parameters specially GAS for prediction of adverse clinical events among patients managed by successful primary PCI .
In sunny regions, solar chimney power plants (SCPP) is a promising technology depends mainly on renewable energy sources. This requires an efficient design of the SCPP components to enhance its ...reliability and expansibility. Since the turbine is the key component of the SCPP, this article presents a comparative simulation study of three different designs of the SCPP turbine in order to substantiate which one is the most suitable. These designs are based on: the so-called matrix through flow method (MTFM), the classic blade element theory (BET), and a modification of the BET based design to consider the enclosure duct of the turbine. The analysis is based on numerical simulations of the whole SCPP unit using the computational fluid dynamics module ANSYS CFX v18.1. The numerical results of the three designs showed that the modified BET based design gives the highest output power, compared to the two other designs. This study provides recommendations for the design and implementation of SCPPs.
Favoring the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) over the hydrogen evolution reaction and controlling the selectivity towards multicarbon products are currently major scientific challenges in sustainable ...energy research. It is known that the morphology of the catalyst can modulate catalytic activity and selectivity, yet this remains a relatively underexplored area in electrochemical CO2 reduction. Here, we exploit the material tunability afforded by colloidal chemistry to establish unambiguous structure/property relations between Cu nanocrystals and their behavior as electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction. Our study reveals a non‐monotonic size‐dependence of the selectivity in cube‐shaped copper nanocrystals. Among 24 nm, 44 nm and 63 nm cubes tested, the cubes with 44 nm edge length exhibited the highest selectivity towards CO2RR (80 %) and faradaic efficiency for ethylene (41 %). Statistical analysis of the surface atom density suggests the key role played by edge sites in CO2RR.
On the edge: Cu nanocrystal cubes and spheres with different sizes were synthesized by means of colloidal chemistry. The highest selectivity towards the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) and ethylene was found in Cu cubes with 44 nm edge length. The size‐dependent trend of the catalytic activity suggests the key role played by edge sites in CO2RR.
A
bstract
The
A
→
Z
(*)
h
decay signature has been highlighted as possibly being the first testable probe of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson discovered in 2012 (
h
) interacting with Higgs ...companion states, such as those existing in a 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), chiefly, a CP-odd one (
A
). The production mechanism of the latter at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) takes place via
b
b
¯
-annihilation and/or
gg
-fusion, depending on the 2HDM parameters, in turn dictated by the Yukawa structure of this Beyond the SM (BSM) scenario. Among the possible incarnations of the 2HDM, we test here the so-called Type-II, for a twofold reason. On the one hand, it intriguingly offers two very distinct parameter regions compliant with the SM-like Higgs measurements, i.e., where the so-called ‘SM limit’ of the 2HDM can be achieved. On the other hand, in both configurations, the
AZh
coupling is generally small, hence the signal is strongly polluted by backgrounds, so that the exploitation of Machine Learning (ML) techniques becomes extremely useful. In this paper, we show that the application of advanced ML implementations can be decisive in establishing such a signal. This is true for all distinctive kinematical configurations involving the
A → Z
(*)
h
decay, i.e., below threshold (
m
A
<
m
Z
+
m
h
), at its maximum (
m
Z
+
m
h
<
m
A
< 2
m
t
) and near the onset of
t
t
¯
pair production (
m
A
≈ 2
m
t
), for which we propose Benchmark Points (BPs) for future phenomenological analyses.
Supercapacitors are increasingly used for energy conversion and storage systems in sustainable nanotechnologies. Graphite is a conventional electrode utilized in Li-ion-based batteries, yet its ...specific capacitance of 372 mA h g
−1
is not adequate for supercapacitor applications. Interest in supercapacitors is due to their high-energy capacity, storage for a shorter period and longer lifetime. This review compares the following materials used to fabricate supercapacitors: spinel ferrites, e.g., MFe
2
O
4
, MMoO
4
and MCo
2
O
4
where M denotes a transition metal ion; perovskite oxides; transition metals sulfides; carbon materials; and conducting polymers. The application window of perovskite can be controlled by cations in sublattice sites. Cations increase the specific capacitance because cations possess large orbital valence electrons which grow the oxygen vacancies. Electrodes made of transition metal sulfides, e.g., ZnCo
2
S
4
, display a high specific capacitance of 1269 F g
−1
, which is four times higher than those of transition metals oxides, e.g., Zn–Co ferrite, of 296 F g
−1
. This is explained by the low charge-transfer resistance and the high ion diffusion rate of transition metals sulfides. Composites made of magnetic oxides or transition metal sulfides with conducting polymers or carbon materials have the highest capacitance activity and cyclic stability. This is attributed to oxygen and sulfur active sites which foster electrolyte penetration during cycling, and, in turn, create new active sites.
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