The monograph ('On Terminology in the European Union') focuses on the creation of the Slovene version of the terminology of the EU. The primary task of the terminology is to ensure effective ...communication. Therefore, it should be unambiguous and consistent. Multilingualism is a fundamental principle of the language regime of the EU and it is achieved through translation. Translation is also one of the most common naming procedures when creating EU terminology. Before creation of the new term it is very important to identify the content of the concept for which lawyers are certainly most qualified. The judgments of the Court of Justice of the EU are translated by lawyer-linguists, who are legal professionals with law degree in their main language. They are employed in all EU institutions, but only lawyer-linguists in the Court of Justice of the EU are responsible for translation (in their main language). The terminological analysis of the judgments in the field of EU Trade Mark translated into Slovene, shows how the terminology in those judgments has been developed and highlights the problems encountered by lawyer-linguists in translating them.
Thermal properties of polysaccharide aerogels Horvat, Gabrijela; Fajfar, Tanja; Perva Uzunalić, Amra ...
Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry,
2017/1, Letnik:
127, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Polysaccharide aerogels are an advanced class of materials and recently the subject of much research. Most studies are based on their applications in the pharmaceutical field, yet some novel research ...proposes these materials as thermal insulators. In this study, polysaccharide aerogels (high-methoxyl pectin, low-methoxyl pectin, alginate, guar and xanthan) were prepared with alcohol-induced gelation and later supercritical drying, and nitrogen adsorption was used to determine their surface area and pore volume. Their thermal behaviour was analysed by DSC and TG, and their thermal conductivity was determined by DSC. Since polysaccharide aerogels produced by the alcohol gelation method consist entirely of pure polysaccharide, their thermal behaviour is very similar to that of pure polysaccharides. Aerogels are highly hygroscopic materials; thus, the initial dehydration step was present in all samples. The thermal conductivity measurements obtained varied between the different polysaccharides used for aerogel production. Low-methoxyl pectin provided the lowest thermal conductivity and guar the highest among our samples. The thermal conductivities were in the range of insulating materials, especially for low-methoxyl pectin aerogel, for which the conductivity was 21 mW m
−1
K
−1
. The optimization of process parameters was tested later on with alginate, and it was observed that methanol-induced gelation forms more porous structures with lower thermal conductivity than the other forms tested. The lowest conductivity measured for alginate aerogel was 42 mW m
−1
K
−1
.
The Dictionary of Legal Terminology' shows the conceptual system of modern Slovenian law. In more than 10,000 dictionary entries, we present the terminology of contemporary Slovenian legal science, ...legal practice and legislation after 1991. The dictionary is primarily intended for legal experts, who practice various professions (including judges, lawyers, notaries, prosecutors as well as heads of HR and legal departments in companies). It is also intended for students of law and related sciences, in order to familiarize them with the conceptual system of Slovenian law in a professionally relevant manner. In order to use the dictionary efficiently at least a basic knowledge of law is required. This does not mean that journalists, translators, proof-readers and others who encounter legal terminology cannot use it. However, it should be borne in mind that definitions contained in a terminological dictionary are very concise and sufficiently informative only for an expert who is familiar with the conceptual system of a specific field of study, while other users are provided with a suitable starting point so they can find additional information if necessary.
With the inclusion of Slovenia into the EU & the acceptance of the legal system of the EU (acquis communautaire) & its superordinated position to national legal systems, Slovene legal terminology is ...faced with the need to widen the conceptual field referring to jurisprudence. An analysis of the Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe (TCE) indicates how the Slovene system of legal terminology has responded to lexical gaps. 1. In the Slovene text of the TCE the terms rule & regulation correspond to a number of Slovene terms, owing to the characteristics of the national legal system & its system of expression. The choice of term is this based on the determination of identical legal effects. 2. In general usage the terms navodilo 'instruction' & direktiva 'directive' are synonyms, but in legal terminology the latter has become a term in order to meet denotative needs. 3. The term derogation corresponds to two Slovene terms. There is a need for an agreement on a specialized & linguistically more appropriate term in order not to compromise the informational content of the word. 4. In the TCE the term monetary corresponds to Slovene terms denarni & monetarni. The international term has been preserved in the terminology of European institutions, while in syntagms of the type denarni system 'money system,' denarna politika 'money policy,' denarni pogoji 'monetary conditions,' denarno stanje 'fiscal situation' the established national usage has prevailed. Conclusions: in order to establish a stable terminological system, which is essential to the proper functioning of a given profession, it is necessary for experts in a certain field, who possess knowledge of the embeddedness of terms in their original systems & their place in the target system, to collaborate with linguists in order to acquaint them with the content of the term and, who, in turn, in light of the principles of terminological lexicon, may contribute to establishing an appropriate term. References. Adapted from the source document
Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) is considered a serious disease of several marine fish species, caused by RNA virus belonging to the family Nodaviridae, genus Betanodavirus. The disease is ...spread almost worldwide and causes significant losses among diseased fish. It is characterised by vacuolation of the central nervous system and the retina. In July 2018, behavioural abnormalities i.e. altered swimming, swirling and vertical floating as well as lethargy and anorexia were observed in farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in the Gulf of Piran (Slovenia), associated with significant mortality. The disease initially occurred in juvenile sea bass, but later market-sized fish also became affected. Diseased fish displayed ocular opacity and multifocal skin ulceration on the head. Emaciation in some fish was also evident. Histopathology revealed characteristic vacuolation in the brain and retina. Performing a RT-PCR and RT-qPCR techniques, we have identified and confirmed the presence of betanodavirus nucleic acid in ocular and brain tissues. In addition, concentrations of the causative agent of VER in spleen and kidney did result in significantly higher viral yield than expected. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Slovenian isolate belongs to RGNNV species of betanodaviruses. Based on the clinical signs, gross and typical microscopic lesions and results of molecular analyses, we can conclude that farmed sea bass from the Gulf of Piran were affected with VER. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of VER in Slovenia.Key words: viral encephalopathy and retinopathy; betanodavirus; sea bass; histopathology; RT-qPCR PRVI IZBRUH VIRUSNE ENCEFALOPATIJE IN RETINOPATIJE PRI GOJENIH BRANCINIH (Dicentrarchus labrax) V SLOVENIJI Izvleček: Virusna encefalopatija in retinopatija (VER) je nevarna bolezen številnih vrst morskih rib, ki jo povzroča nevrotropni RNA virus iz družine Nodaviridae, rod Betanodavirus. Bolezen je razširjena skoraj po vsem svetu in povzroča visok pogin okuženih rib. Zanjo so značilne vakuole v centralnem živčnem sistemu in retini. Konec julija 2018 so v ribogojnici v Piranskem zalivu pri brancinih opazili nepravilno plavanje, vrtenje in postavljanje v vertikalno smer ter letargijo in neješčnost, brancini so množično poginjali. Bolezen se je najprej pojavila pri mladicah, nato tudi pri konzumnih kategorijah brancinov. Obolele ribe so imele sivo-motna očesna zrkla ter multifokalne kožne razjede na glavi, posamezne so bile shujšane. S histopatološko preiskavo smo ugotovili značilne vakuole v možganih in retini. Z molekularnima metodama RT-PCR in RT-qPCR smo potrdili prisotnost nukleinske kisline betanodavirusa v očesnem zrklu in možganih. Koncentracije virusa, ki so bile signifikantno višje od pričakovanih, smo ugotovili tudi v vranici in ledvicah. Na podlagi kliničnih znakov, makroskopskih in tipičnih histopatoloških sprememb ter rezultatov molekularnih preiskav lahko zaključimo, da so gojeni brancini v ribogojnici v Piranskem zalivu zboleli za VER. Opisani izbruh je prvi potrjeni primer te bolezni v Sloveniji.Ključne besede: virusna encefalopatija in retinopatija; betanodavirus; brancin; histopatologija; RT-qPCR
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