Genomic selection has been proposed as the standard method to predict breeding values in animal and plant breeding. Although some crops have benefited from this methodology, studies in Coffea are ...still emerging. To date, there have been no studies describing how well genomic prediction models work across populations and environments for different complex traits in coffee. Considering that predictive models are based on biological and statistical assumptions, it is expected that their performance vary depending on how well these assumptions align with the true genetic architecture of the phenotype. To investigate this, we used data from two recurrent selection populations of Coffea canephora, evaluated in two locations, and single nucleotide polymorphisms identified by Genotyping-by-Sequencing. In particular, we evaluated the performance of 13 statistical approaches to predict three important traits in the coffee-production of coffee beans, leaf rust incidence and yield of green beans. Analyses were performed for predictions within-environment, across locations and across populations to assess the reliability of genomic selection. Overall, differences in the prediction accuracy of the competing models were small, although the Bayesian methods showed a modest improvement over other methods, at the cost of more computation time. As expected, predictive accuracy for within-environment analysis, on average, were higher than predictions across locations and across populations. Our results support the potential of genomic selection to reshape traditional plant breeding schemes. In practice, we expect to increase the genetic gain per unit of time by reducing the length cycle of recurrent selection in coffee.
Genomic selection (GS) has been studied in several crops to increase the rates of genetic gain and reduce the length of breeding cycles. Despite its relevance, there are only a modest number of ...reports applied to the genus
Coffea
. Effective implementation depends on the ability to consider genomic models, which correctly represent breeding scenario in which the species are inserted. Coffee experimentation, in general, is represented by evaluations in multiple locations and harvests to understand the interaction and predict the performance of untested genotypes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate GS models suitable for use in
Coffea canephora
. An expansion of traditional GBLUP was considered and genomic analysis was performed using a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach, showed good potential to be used in coffee breeding programs. Interactions were modeled using the multiplicative mixed model theory, which is commonly used in multi-environment trials (MET) analysis in perennial crops. The effectiveness of the method used was compared with other genetic models in terms of goodness-of-fit statistics and prediction accuracy. Different scenarios that mimic coffee breeding were used in the cross-validation process. The method used had the lowest AIC and BIC values and, consequently, the best fit. In terms of predictive ability, the incorporation of the MET modeling showed higher accuracy (on average 10–17% higher) and lower prediction errors than traditional GBLUP. The results may be used as basis for additional studies into the genus
Coffea
and can be expanded for similar perennial crops.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the contents of bioactive compounds and/or that of interest for the brew quality (trigonelline, caffeine, total chlorogenic acids and melanoidins), ...acidity and antioxidant activity (AA) of roasted coffee brews produced with Coffea canephora.Design/methodology/approachCoffee samples corresponded to three cultivars – Diamante ES8112, ES8122 “Jequitibá,” and Centenária ES8132 – with different fruit-ripening seasons (early, medium and late, respectively). The study evaluated five genotypes from each cultivar and coffees were cultivated in two sites, a total of 30 samples.FindingsThe average contents on the coffee brews varied from 1,176 to 1,452 µg mL−1 for caffeine; from 206 to 413 µg mL−1 for trigonelline; from 528 to 942 µg mL−1 for total chlorogenic acids; from 6.8 to 7.8 mg mL−1 for melanoidins; showing total titratable acidity between 1.15 and 1.79 mL of NaOH 0.1 mol L−1 by 20 mL of the brew. AA varied from 6.78 to 8.80 mg of TROLOX mL−1, correlating positively with the contents of caffeine, total chlorogenic acids, melanoidins. Fruit-ripening seasons had no effect on coffee brew composition and AA.Originality/valueThe results presented provide not only a unique analysis of coffee brew from genotypes developed to improve the good agricultural practice and brew quality, but also relevant information that can be extended for research in coffee composition and for the coffee industry.
The state of Espírito Santo is the major producer of Coffea canephora in Brazil. Knowledge of genetic reserves is fundamental to plant breeding. Therefore, the present study characterized and ...analyzed the genetic diversity of 600 C. canephora accessions from the germplasm bank of Incaper based on 38 traits evaluated in 24-30-month-old plants. Further, the predominant descriptors or traits were identified, and high phenotypic variability was determined. Genetic distances for the grouped (Gower), quantitative, and qualitative datasets were 0.48, 0.61, and 0.92, respectively, with accessions 76 (Conilon) and 407 (Robusta) being the most divergent ones at Incaper. In clustering using the Tocher optimization method, 30 groups were formed, with three accessions introduced from Epamig’s Robusta collection being the most dissimilar ones. Graphical dispersion analysis using the principal coordinate method revealed the predominance of three groups formed by the Robusta, Conilon, and hybrid Robusta × Conilon genotypes.
Diterpenes in Coffea canephora Mori, André Luiz Buzzo; Kalschne, Daneysa Lahis; Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava ...
Journal of food composition and analysis,
September 2016, 2016-09-00, Letnik:
52
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Display omitted
•There was high variability in diterpenes levels in C. canephora cultivars.•Cafestol was the main diterpene in C. canephora cultivars.•Kahweol was absent in most cultivars of C. ...canephora.•16-O-methylcafestol level is not enough to correctly quantify C. canephora in blends.
The presence of diterpenes in coffee has received a great deal of attention in recent years, due to their physiological effects on human health. Some studies related to kahweol and cafestol contents in Coffea arabica are available in the literature; however, information on the impact of genetic variability on the profile of diterpenes in Coffea canephora is scarce. This work evaluates the contents of kahweol, cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol in 15 genotypes of C. canephora. Coffees corresponded to three cultivars – Diamante ES8112, ES8122 ‘Jequitibá’ and Centenária ES8132 – with different fruit-ripening seasons (early, medium and late). Coffees were grown at two locations in the state of Espírito Santo, the largest C. canephora growing region in Brazil, resulting in 30 samples. Kahweol was absent in 70% of the samples and the highest content observed was 14.1mg 100g−1 in the Jequitibá cultivar. Cafestol was present in all samples and it was the main representative of the diterpene class, with contents varying from 152mg 100g−1 to 360mg 100g−1. Contents of 16-O-methylcafestol varied from 26.3mg 100g−1 to 132mg 100g−1. A significant difference among genotypes was observed, and there was an interaction between genotypes and growing site for the three diterpenes studied.
The role of abscisic acid (ABA) in drought tolerance of
Coffea canephora
is unknown. To determine whether ABA is associated with drought tolerance and if the use of tolerant rootstocks could increase ...ABA and drought tolerance, we performed reciprocal grafting experiments between clones with contrasting tolerance to drought (clone 109, sensitive; and clone 120, tolerant). Plants were grown in large (120 L) pots in a greenhouse and subjected to drought stress by withholding irrigation. The non-grafted 120 plants and graft treatments with 120 as a rootstock showed a slower reduction of predawn leaf water potential (Ψ
pd
) and a lower negative carbon isotopic composition ratio compared with the other grafting combinations in response to drought. The same 120 graft treatments also showed higher leaf ABA concentrations, lower levels of electrolyte leakage, and lower activities of ascorbate peroxidase and catalase under moderate (Ψ
pd
= − 1.0 or − 1.5 MPa) and severe (Ψ
pd
= − 3.0 MPa) drought. Root ABA concentrations were higher in plants with the 120 rootstocks regardless of watering regime. The 120 shoots could also contribute to drought tolerance because treatment with 120/109 rootstock/scion combination showed postponed dehydration, higher leaf ABA concentration, and lower leaf electrolyte leakage compared with the sensitive clone. We conclude that both the shoot and root systems of the tolerant clone can increase the concentrations of ABA in leaves in response to drought. This further suggests that ABA is associated with a delayed onset of severe water deficit and decreased oxidative damage in
C. canephora
.
Coffee outturn can be defined as the ratio between the harvested coffee and its respective processed grains. This character is greatly influenced by genotypic and environmental effects, and in ...breeding programs your analysis is costly and time-consuming. In this sense, the use of an outturn index to estimate coffee yield on experimental plots is a desirable measure aiming at reducing resources and time in postharvest evaluations. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the use of an outturn index equal to 4.0, in the estimation of Conilon coffee grains production. This index indicates that four kilograms of harvested fruit would be needed to obtain one kilogram of processed grains. Based on the average of 157 genotypes conducted in three trials and four harvests, we evaluated the relationship between harvested fruits and processed grains (FcBe), the observed (OGY), and the estimated grain yield per plant (EGY) based on FcBe equal to 4.0 (an outturn index). Descriptive statistics, adequation test for EGY, and the coincidence of occurrence of genotypes observations relating to the top 20% of all observations of OGY and EGY. In the estimation of grain yield in Conilon, the use of FcBe equal to 4.0 showed high precision in the average of the analyzed trials. However, further studies should be conducted to elucidate the effects of climate variables on the yield of Conilon coffee, especially in atypical crop years. Thus, the use of an outturn index becomes interesting in cases where the number of genotypes to be evaluated is very large and a screening of the promising ones is desirable.
Coffee is one of Brazil’s main commodities. Among the goals of crop improvement, the search for drought-tolerant materials has stood out, mainly due to the water scarcity of the producing regions. ...The knowledge of genetic diversity and the morphophysiological analysis of plants allow the identification of genotypes with potential use in genetic improvement. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the diversity, by morphophysiological characteristics, in 173 genotypes of
Coffea canephora
, from populations of contrasting crosses regarding the drought tolerance of the breeding program of Incaper, and to identify the relative importance of traits, subsidizing the selection for drought tolerance, based on the factor analysis index (FAI). The experiment was conducted in three evaluation periods, under field conditions without irrigation at the Incaper Experimental Farm of Marilândia, in the state of Espírito Santo. There was great variability between and within populations, which was affected by the evaluation season. Based on the traits of greater relative importance identified in this work (LL, LW, SLA, LAR, LT, TLA, PBL, CHL, NO
3
−
, TSP, PRO, A, and iWUE), the FAI identified the genotypes 76 × 48 − 1, 76 × 48 − 10, 76 × 48 − 16, 76 × 48 − 76, 76 × 48 − 77, 76 × 48 − 83, 76 × 48 − 90, 76 × 48 − 128, 76 × 04 − 1, and 76 × 04 − 32 as more promising, from the ideotype of lower LL, LW, SLA, and LAR, and higher LT, TLA, PBL, CHL, NO
3
−
, TSP, PRO, A, and iWUE.
The objective of this work was to present a sensory description of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) brews produced from genotypes developed for the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The genotypes ...'Diamante ES8112', 'ES8122', and 'Centenária ES8132' were evaluated. Nine samples from three clones (genotypes) of each cultivar, from two different regions of the state, were analyzed. A panel of tasters for coffee sensory evaluation was trained to obtain a descriptive profile and to select terms. Beverages were described as showing a higher intensity of powder fragrance, characteristic aroma of coffee brew, body, characteristic flavor and aftertaste, and a lower intensity of bitterness, acidity, astringency, and defects. The terms bitterness, strong, body, astringency, and coffee aftertaste were the most relevant in the characterization of the beverages of the studied C. canephora cultivars. Acidity is the attribute with the greatest impact on the overall quality of C. canephora brew. The coffee brews of the clones of 'Diamante ES8112', 'ES8122', and 'Centenária ES8132' are classified as of traditional quality, but near the superior category.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma descrição sensorial de bebidas de café conilon (Coffea canefora) produzidas a partir de genótipos desenvolvidos para o Estado do Espírito Santo. Foram avaliados os genótipos 'Diamante ES8112', 'ES8122' e 'Centenária ES8132'. Nove amostras oriundas de três clones (genótipos) de cada cultivar, procedentes de duas regiões distintas do estado, foram analisadas. Uma equipe de testadores para a avaliação sensorial de café foi treinada para a obtenção do perfil descritivo e a seleção de termos. As bebidas de café foram descritas como apresentando uma maior intensidade dos atributos fragrância do pó de café, aroma característico da bebida, corpo, sabor característico e sabor residual, e uma menor intensidade de amargor, acidez, adstringência e defeitos. Os termos amargor, forte, encorpado, adstringência e sabor residual característico de café foram os mais relevantes na caracterização das bebidas das cultivares de C. canephora estudadas. A acidez é o atributo com maior impacto sobre a qualidade global da bebida de C. canephora. As bebidas dos clones das cultivares 'Diamante', 'ES8122' e 'Centenária ES8132' classificam-se como na faixa de qualidade tradicional, porém próxima à categoria superior.
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