Muon g-2, neutralino dark matter and stau NLSP Gómez, Mario E.; Shafi, Qaisar; Tiwari, Amit ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
06/2022, Letnik:
82, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We explore the implications of resolving the muon
g
-
2
anomaly in a
S
U
(
4
)
c
×
S
U
(
2
)
L
×
S
U
(
2
)
R
model, where the soft supersymmetry breaking scalar and gaugino masses break the ...left-right (LR) symmetry. A 2
σ
resolution of the anomaly requires relatively light sleptons, chargino and LSP neutralino. The stau turns out to be the NLSP of mass
m
τ
~
≲
400
GeV, and the sleptons from the first two families can be as heavy as about 800 GeV. The chargino is also required to be lighter than about 600 GeV to accommodate the muon
g
-
2
solutions consistent with the dark matter relic density constraint. The dominant right-handed nature of the light slepton states suppress the sensitivity of possible signals which can be probed in Run3 experiments at the LHC. We also discuss the impact of accommodating the Higgs boson mass and the vacuum stability of the scalar potential for these solutions. Although a light stau can be compatible with the stability of the scalar potential, the Higgs boson mass constraint has a strong impact on the solutions with
tan
β
bounded from above, namely
tan
β
≲
20
. The Higgsinos are heavier than about 4 TeV, and the LSP neutralino has the correct relic density if it is Bino-like. We identify stau–neutralino coannihilation as the dominant mechanism for realizing the desired dark matter relic density, with sneutrino–neutralino coannihiliation playing a minor role. These bino-like dark matter solutions can yield a spin-independent scattering cross-section on the order of
10
-
13
pb which hopefully, can be expected to be tested in the near future.
A
bstract
We explore
t
-
b
-
τ
Yukawa unification (YU) in a supersymmetric SU(4)
c
×
SU(2)
L
×
SU(2)
R
model without imposing a discrete left-right (L-R) symmetry. A number of interesting solutions ...that are compatible with
t
-
b
-
τ
YU, LSP neutralino dark matter (DM), and LHC and other experimental constraints are identified. In particular, they include gluino-neutralino and stau-neutralino coannihilation scenarios, where the NLSP gluino mass can range from 1–3 TeV. Higgsino-like dark matter solutions are also identified for which gluino masses can approach 5 TeV or so. This scenario will be tested at LHC Run-3 and its future upgrades.
This article examines the environmental Kuznets curve for the member countries of the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA), using the ecological footprint as a measure of environmental ...degradation during 1980–2016. Panel data econometric methods are applied in this research, such as the cross-section dependence, unit root, cointegration and causality tests, and the new method of moments quantile regression (MMQR). The results suggest that the variables are characterized by a cross-section dependence, integrated of order one, and cointegrated. The fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method shows that renewable energy reduces environmental degradation, and the environmental Kuznets curve is validated. In contrast, patents and trade openness do not show a statistically significant relationship. These results are confirmed with the MMQR, where renewable energy reduces environmental degradation in quantiles from 4 to 6, while the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is valid in quantiles from 3 to 9, and patents and trade openness do not show a statistically significant relationship in any quantile. Therefore, it is essential to promote renewable energies, cleaner technologies, and environmental regulations to reduce polluting emissions.
To satisfy human needs and desires, it is necessary to produce goods and services that require the use of some production factors, such as labor, capital, and energy, among others. Nowadays, energy ...is a key production factor for economic activity in all countries. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between energy, economic growth, urbanization, and financial development in the country-members of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) during the period of 1971–2015. Panel data Econometric methods are applied in this research, namely cross-section dependence (Pesaran test), unit root (Cross-sectional Augmented Dickey Fuller and Cross-sectional Im, Pesaran, and Shin tests), cointegration (Kao and Fisher–Johansen tests), and heterogeneous causality (Hurlin and Dumitrescu test). The results achieved in this research demonstrate that the variables of this model are characterized by a cross-section dependence, and they are integrated in order one. An equilibrium or long-term relationship between them exists. By means of the Fully Modified OLS and Dynamic OLS estimators it this demonstrated that there is a positive relationship between GDP and EC, while there is a negative relationship between FD, CPI, URB, and TO and EC. The economic policy recommendations drawn from this investigation are that financial development promotion, urbanization, and trade openness may contribute to reducing energy consumption in these countries.
Childhood overweight and obesity levels are rising and becoming a concern globally. In Costa Rica, the prevalence of these conditions has reached alarming values. Spatial analyses can identify risk ...factors and geographical patterns to develop tailored and effective public health actions in this context.
A Bayesian spatial mixed model was built to understand the geographic patterns of childhood overweight and obesity prevalence in Costa Rica and their association with some socioeconomic factors. Data was obtained from the 2016 Weight and Size Census (6 - 12 years old children) and 2011 National Census.
Average years of schooling increase the levels of overweight and obesity until reaching an approximate value of 8 years, then they start to decrease. Moreover, for every 10-point increment in the percentage of homes with difficulties to cover their basic needs and in the percentage of population under 14 years old, there is a decrease of 7.7 and 14.0 points, respectively, in the odds of obesity. Spatial patterns show higher values of prevalence in the center area of the country, touristic destinations, head of province districts and in the borders with Panama.
Especially for childhood obesity, the average years of schooling is a non-linear factor, describing a U-inverted curve. Lower percentages of households in poverty and population under 14 years old are slightly associated with higher levels of obesity. Districts with high commercial and touristic activity present higher prevalence risk.
Biomass and biomass-derived compounds have become an important alternative feedstock for chemical industry. They may replace fossil feedstocks such as mineral oil and related platform chemicals. ...These compounds may also be transformed conveniently into new innovative products for the medicinal or the agrochemical domain. The production of cosmetics or surfactants as well as materials for different applications are examples for other domains where new platform chemicals obtained from biomass can be used. Photochemical and especially photocatalytic reactions have recently been recognized as being important tools of organic chemistry as they make compounds or compound families available that cannot be or are difficultly synthesized with conventional methods of organic synthesis. The present review gives a short overview with selected examples on photocatalytic reactions of biopolymers, carbohydrates, fatty acids and some biomass-derived platform chemicals such as furans or levoglucosenone. In this article, the focus is on application to organic synthesis.
Objectives
We aimed to describe hemodynamic performance and clinical outcomes at 30‐day follow‐up of the balloon‐expandable (BE) Myval transcatheter heart valve (THV) in low‐risk patients.
Background
...The results of the next‐generation BE Myval THV in low‐risk aortic stenosis (AS) patients are still unknown.
Methods
Retrospective registry performed in nine European centers including patients with low predicted operative mortality risk according to Society of thoracic surgeons (STS) and European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation (EuroSCORE‐II) scores.
Results
Between September 2019 and February 2021, a total of 100 patients (51% males, mean age 80 ± 6.5 years) were included. Mean STS score and EuroSCORE‐II were 2.4 ± 0.8% and 2.2 ± 0.7%, respectively. Intermediate sizes were used in 39% (21.5 mm: 8%, 24.5 mm: 15%, 27.5 mm: 15%). There were no cases of valve embolization, coronary artery occlusion, annulus rupture, or procedural death. A definitive pacemaker implantation was needed in eight patients (8%). At 30‐day follow‐up aortic valve area (0.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.1 ± 0.6 cm2) and mean aortic valve gradient (43.4 ± 11.1 vs. 9.0 ± 3.7 mmHg) improved significantly (p < 0.001). Moderate aortic regurgitation occurred in 4%. Endpoints of early safety and clinical efficacy were 3 and 1%, respectively.
Conclusions
Hemodynamic performance and 30‐day clinical outcomes of the BE Myval THV in low‐risk AS patients were favorable. Longer‐term follow‐up is warranted.
This paper considers the flexible job-shop scheduling problem with stochastic processing times. To find a sequence insensitive to shop floor disturbances, the available probabilistic information ...related to the variability of processing times is taken into account by maximizing the makespan service level for a given deadline. This corresponds to the probability of the makespan to be smaller than a given threshold. After showing why this criterion makes sense compared to minimizing the average makespan, a solution approach relying on a tabu search and a Monte Carlo sampling-based approximation is presented. Then, new instances are generated by extending the deterministic benchmark instances. Extensive computational experiments are conducted to evaluate the relevance of the makespan service level and the performance of the proposed solution method. The drawbacks of a number of reference scenarios, including worst-case and best-case scenarios, in addressing effectively the problem under study are presented. A numerical analysis is also performed to compare the scope of the proposed criterion against the minimization of the expected makespan. The accuracy of the proposed solutions induced by the hyper-parameters of the Monte Carlo approximation is explicitly analyzed.
•The flexible job-shop scheduling problem with stochastic processing times is studied.•The service level on the makespan is maximized.•An approach combining tabu search and Monte Carlo sampling is considered.•Benchmark instances from the literature are extended.•Extensive numerical results are discussed.
Summary Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and pre-MCI have been proposed as stages preceding Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. We assessed descendants of individuals with a mutation in ...presenilin 1 ( PSEN1 ) that causes familial AD, with the aim of identifying distinct stages of clinical progression to AD dementia. Methods We retrospectively studied a cohort of descendants of carriers of the PSEN1 E280A mutation. Pre-dementia cognitive impairment was defined by a score 2 SD away from normal values in objective cognitive tests, and was subdivided as follows: asymptomatic pre-MCI was defined by an absence of memory complaints and no effect on activities of daily living; symptomatic pre-MCI was defined by a score on the subjective memory complaints checklist higher than the mean and no effect on activities of daily living; and MCI was defined by a score on the subjective memory complaints checklist higher than the mean, with no effect on basic activities of daily living and little or no effect on complex daily activities. Dementia was defined according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition. Reference mean scores were those of participants who did not carry the PSEN1 E280A mutation. We used the Turnbull survival analysis method to identify ages at onset of each stage of the disease. We measured the time from birth until onset of the three pre-dementia stages, dementia, and death, and assessed decline in cognitive domains for each stage. Findings Follow-up was from Jan 1, 1995, to Jan 27, 2010. 1784 patients were initially identified, 449 of whom were PSEN1 E280A carriers who had complete clinical follow-up. Median age at onset was 35 years (95% CI 30–36) for asymptomatic pre-MCI, 38 years (37–40) for symptomatic pre-MCI, 44 years (43–45) for MCI, and 49 years (49–50) for dementia. The median age at death was 59 years (95% CI 58–61). The median time of progression from asymptomatic to symptomatic pre-MCI was 4 years (95% CI 2–8), from symptomatic pre-MCI to MCI was 6 years (4–7), from MCI to dementia was 5 years (4–6), and from dementia to death was 10 years (9–12). The cognitive profile was predominantly amnestic and was associated with multiple domains. Affected domains showed variability in initial stages, with some transient recovery in symptomatic pre-MCI followed by continuous decline. Interpretation Clinical deterioration can be detected as measurable cognitive impairment around two decades before dementia onset in PSEN1 E280A carriers. Onset and progression of pre-dementia stages should be considered in the investigation and use of therapeutic interventions for familial AD. Funding Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, COLCIENCIAS, Republic of Colombia.
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