Preliminary malacological investigation on the loess profile at Zmajevac, Croatia Molnár, Dávid (Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, H-6722, Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary); Hupuczi, Júlia (Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, H-6722, Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary); Galović, Lidija (Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia) ...
Central european journal of geosciences,
03/2010, Letnik:
2, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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More than 5 500 specimens of 37 terrestrial snail species were collected from a loess paleosol section at Zmajevac village, Croatia. The presence of Ena montana, Mastus bielzi, Cochlodina laminata, ...Macrogastra ventricosa, Clausilia pumila, Clausilia dubia, Pseudofusulus varians, Trichia unidentata and Trichia edentula species from the lower paleosol layer suggests that this malacological zone formed during the initial phase of a Middle Pleistocene interglacial cycle.
This study provides a reconstruction of the 1.5 ka palaeoenvironmental evolution of the small, and presently dry, Milna valley on the island of Vis. Sediments from the valley were studied using ...multi-proxy approach, applying sedimentological, mineralogical, petrological, anthracological, malacological, 14C and land cover analyses, in regard to climatic, vegetation, and hydrological changes.
The mineral composition of the siliciclastic detritus from the Milna valley points to the Dinaride Ophiolite Zone in Bosnia as its dominant source of origin, eroded by the Neretva River, and deposited in the form of alluvial sediments in the Central Adriatic area. However, Cetina and Drin Rivers may have also contributed some of the sediments. Regional aeolian resedimentation of the material occurred during Pleistocene, which later accumulated and became preserved in the Milna valley. Beside the Dinaride Ophiolite Zone, part of the mineral composition is influenced by minerals from the Alpine region and by neutral to basic volcanism, probably of Italian origin.
During the Dark Age Cold Period (DACP) the Milna valley was covered by forests of the Pinus sylvestris group, within which cold-resistant and closed forest habitat preferring species (molluscs) lived. This forested environment probably lasted until the Little Ice Age (LIA) period when fires occurred in the 15th and 16th centuries. The opening of the landscape corresponded to the resettling of the population from the interior to the coast and to the expansion of vineyards on the island. The deforestation enabled the formation of torrential flows and deposition of unsorted sediments. Most of the pebbles are rounded clasts of the Middle Cretaceous (Cenomanian) dolomite in which the valley is formed. However, pebbles which are not present in outcrops of the Milna valley have also been identified. After the LIA, the valley became dry again and has been continuously under anthropogenic impact ever since. Different cartographic sources enable the further tracing of land cover changes from the beginning of the 19th century to present day. The analysis revealed that the highest anthropogenic impact on the landscape occurred in the second part of the 19th century, after which afforestation started. Moreover, the major issue today relates to changes influenced by the current relative sea level rise. This study adds to the knowledge on coastal fluviokarst valley evolution in typical Mediterranean conditions, relating our understanding of Holocene deposition, human activity, and land cover changes on the island of Vis.
Preliminary malacological investigation of the loess profile at Šarengrad, Croatia Hupuczi, Júlia (Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, H-6722, Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary); Molnár, Dávid (Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, H-6722, Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary); Galović, Lidija (Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia) ...
Central european journal of geosciences,
03/2010, Letnik:
2, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
More than 3 400 specimens of 51 mollusc species were identified in a loessy-alluvial section at Šarengrad village in Croatia. This section provides one of the most diverse collections of mollusc ...species in the lower Danube. The malacological data from this profile suggests that this section developed during the last interglacial-glacial cycle.
(2022), who present the main metallic mineral resources (bauxite, lead and zinc), abundant non-metallic mineral resources (industrial minerals and construction materials) and secondary mineral ...resources (in particular, aluminous red mud and Pb and Zn operational and abandoned mine tailings, bottom and fly ash from thermal power plants, slag from steel production, and marlstone and limestone from hanging walls of coal deposits) and waste rock for aggregate production. (2022) have produced a basic characterization of selected tailings of active and abandoned mines in Serbia (Bor, porphyry Cu/Au; Krivelj, porphyry Cu/Au; Blagodat, hydrothermal Pb-Zn; Lece, epithermal Au; Rudnik, hydrothermal/ skarn Pb-Zn) and North Macedonia (Sasa, Pb-Zn; Probištip, PbZn; Bučim, porphyry Cu; Lojane, fault-bound vein-type low-temperature As, Sb, Cr at the contact of rhyolite and serpentinite). Social acceptance of future mining operations no longer depends solely on the economic or strategic value of the discovered resources, but also the transparency and community inclusion, wider-society benefits, and sustainability of the presented projects.
Geomathematics covers a wide range of mathematical applications in geosciences, ranging from simple data analysis to complex multivariate analysis, mapping algorithms, uncertainty analysis and neural ...networks. In the case of possible characterization of deep water clastic depositional systems in the Pannonian Basin, Horváth et al. from the University of Szeged, used cluster analysis to define genetically similar lithological units. Cvetković, from the Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering regarded possible mathematical applications for well log data correlation in an effort to reduce the subjectivity of the classical „motif observation" approach which indicated the usability of plotting trend curves of standard deviation values of well log data.
Geochemical atlas of Croatia resulted from the regional geochemical survey based on the low-density (1 sample per 25km2) soil sampling having covered the entire territory of the state. Basically, the ...collection of maps showing distribution of a set of elements with particular emphasis of possibly harmful elements (PHE) was focused on elucidation of environmental implications brought about by human impact (ingress of Pb, Zn, Cd and other elements derived from anthropogenic sources) against some zero-level represented by geochemical background. However, the effect of blending of anthropogenic and natural (geogene) signal in the upper soil was already recognized during the mapping campaign having steered further research to assessment of geological imprint in the soil geochemical signature. Therefore this work was also aimed at finding appropriate avenues to understanding how both signals behave at various scales (regional or local). Using suitable statistical techniques (posterior probabilities from discriminant function analysis (DFA)) it was found that anthropogenic signal may be completely obliterated by the geogenic geochemical signature at a larger, regional, scale, which is otherwise locally strong and adversely affects the environment (e.g. PHE with regard to the Drava River).
► Manuscript summarizes the results of multiannual geochemical soil mapping of Croatia. ► Conflicting types of bedrock geology reflect in the soil geochemical signature. ► Single-element maps combine geogene and anthropogenic signals across the scales. ► Posterior probability map entirely obliterating anthropogenic signal at regional scale.
The Vrgoračko polje is a karst field with a surface area of 37 km2 and an altitude of between 20 and 28 m above sea level, situated at the southern edge of the Dalmatian Zagora. During the Quaternary ...the polje was flooded for variable periods of time and a lacustrine environment was established. A multidisciplinary study of drill-cores, outcrops and geoelectric measurements recognised five main sedimentary facies: laminated sediment, redeposited sediment, coarse grained carbonate debris, littoral clay and lacustrine chalk. Based on the facies analysis, depositional environments developed during the Holocene include aquatic lacustrine littoral and deeper-water environments. The terrestrial environment is represented by a desiccated lake phase. The littoral clay facies (filling depressions and caverns in the karst relief) is laterally equivalent to the deep-water laminated facies (varves?). A stratigraphic break between littoral claya nd lacustrine chalk could be time-equivalent to disturbed laminated sediments deposited in deeper-water and to local intercalations of coarse-grained carbonate debris in shallow-water facies sediments. These features could have been the result of a neotectonic event (earthquake), which triggered debris flows of colluvial material from slopes around the lake, and this could also have changed the hydrological regime of the Vrgoračko polje and affected subsequent depositional facies. According to 14C dating, deposition of the lacustrine chalk started at the beginning of the Mid-Holocene Warm Period (7686±36 aBP) with a sedimentation rate of approximately 0.51 mm a-1 during the Middle, and 0.58 mm a-1 during the Late Holocene to today. Calculated carbonate production was estimated at 1050 gm-2 a-1. A temporary phase of subaerial exposure of the lake is indicated by desiccation cracks and two bioturbated palaeosol horizons. The described depositional environments and sediment facies found in the Vrgoračko polje could be considered to represent a typical Quaternary lacustrine sedimentation pattern for other Dinaric karst poljes.
In the region of north-western Croatia (NWC) 328 topsoil samples were taken (from a depth of 0 to 25 cm). The composite samples were analyzed after near total decomposition (a hot acid mixture: ...HClO4–HNO3–HCl–HF at 200°C) by ICP–AES for As, Cd, Cu, Pband Zn. Hg was analysed by cold vapour AAS. The following element concentration ranges were acquired: As 2–74 mg/kg (geometric mean 8 mg/kg), Cd 0.4–9.4 mg/kg (geometric mean 0.4 mg/kg), Cu5–248 mg/kg (geometric mean 22 mg/kg), Hg 5–4,535 mg/t (geometric mean 55 mg/t), Pb 15–699 (geometric mean 32 mg/kg) and Zn28–1,432 (geometric mean 82 mg/kg). The analysis of the spatial distribution of heavy metals in NWC showed increased values of As, Cd, Hg and Pb at Mts. Žumberak, Medvednica, Ivanščica and Kalnik that originate mainly from natural sources (bedrock mineralizations and ore deposits). The Cu and Zn contents on Mt. Medvednica are only slightly less natural in origin. The high concentrations of copper on the slopes of Mts. Žumberak, Medvednica, Kalnik and in the NW part of Hrvatsko Zagorje are of anthropogenic origin and are related to wine-growing areas.In the Sava River valley the average levels of Hg, Zn, As, Cd,and Pb are higher than the calculated baseline values (geochemical background) in the NWC while the Cu values are equal to the baseline values. The higher values of As, Cd, Pb, and (in part) Zn are for the most part of anthropogenic origin, and to a lesser extent of natural origin. The Hg in the top soil has a strong anthropogenic influence caused by mining upstream (Litija) and by the city of Zagreb’s urban area (fossil fuel combustion, traffic, electrolysis, diverse paints, pharmaceutical products, chlor-alkali industry and paper industry).The pedogenic profile shows that the content of Cd, Pb, Cu and Znat a depth of 20 cm is almost half the content of the same elements found in the first two centimeters of the soil. At a depth of 60 cm, the concentrations are in the level of background values characteristic of the preindustrial era. When compared to the calculated baseline values, the contents ofAs, Cd, Cu and Hg in the soils of the Drava River valley are higher, while the Pb and Zn contents are anomalous. According to permitted concentrations of heavy metals for ecological food production prescribed by Government regulations the contents of As, Pb and Zn in the top soil on the Drava alluvial sediment are too high. The Cu concentrations are lower than the limit permitted by Government regulation. The higher contents of mercury, although under the limit prescribed by Government regulation, are an immediate consequence of fossil fuel combustion and traffic in the urban area of the city of Varaždin. Factor analysis and high correlation coefficients show a mutual connection of Pb, Zn and Cd (Pb and Zn r = 0.96; Pb and Cdr=0.80; Zn and Cd r=0.84). These 3 heavy metals show high positive factor loadings on the first factor (F1) which accounts for more than 58% of the data variability. The flood waters of the Drava River were highly loaded with anthropogenic Pb, Zn and Cd mainly as a consequence of mining, smelting and flotation activities upstream in the Meža valley in the Republic of Slovenia and Austria. Also, they were additionally loaded with waste waters from upstream settlements. The soil profile shows that increasing depth results in the lowering of the Pb, Zn, Cd and As content reaching the background level of that area at 80 cm depth. This suggests that the alluvial sediments of the preindustrial era lay deeper.
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