To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of children with basal ganglia germinoma and to improve the level of early clinical diagnosis.
The clinical data of children diagnosed with basal ...ganglia germinoma admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Ward of Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the clinical characteristics of children with basal ganglia germinoma.
A total of 30 patients were included in the study, 28 were male, 2 were female, the mean age at onset was (9.7±2.2) years, the median disease duration was 7 months, 27 had unilateral disease, and 3 had bilateral disease. The clinical manifestations were decreased limb muscle strength, cognitive function disorders, polydipsia, precocious puberty, intracranial hypertension, dysphonia and swallowing dysfunction. The serum and cerebrospinal fluid tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were normal in the 30 patients, and the serum and cerebrospina
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a regulatory role in various physiological processes in mammals and act as endogenous ligands for the G protein-coupled receptors (GPR) 41 and 43. The role of ...GPR41 and GPR43 in mediating SCFA signaling in the rabbit remains unclear. The present study was to investigate the sequence of the GPR41 and GPR43 messenger RNA (mRNA) and their expression pattern in different tissues and developmental stages in New Zealand rabbit. Comparison of genomic sequences in GenBank using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool program suggested that the New Zealand rabbit GPR41 mRNA has high similarities with the human (84%), bovine (84%) and Capra hircus (84%) genes. Similarly, GPR43 mRNA has high similarity with the rat (84%) and mouse (84%) genes. Real-time PCR results indicated that GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA were expressed throughout rabbit's whole development and were expressed in several tissues. G protein-coupled receptor 41 and GPR43 mRNA were most highly expressed in pancreas (P<0.05) and s.c. adipose tissue (P<0.05), respectively. The expression levels of GPR41 mRNA was down-regulated in duodenum, cecum (P<0.05) and pancreas and up-regulated in jejunum, ileum, adipose tissue and spleen during growth. G protein-coupled receptor 43GPR43 mRNA was highly expressed in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, cecum and lung at 15th day (P<0.05), whereas the expression levels in the pancreas and spleen increased later after birth, with the highest expression at 60th day (P<0.05).
Body center cubic iron materials are commonly used in nuclear power plants. In bcc-iron, symmetric tilt grain boundaries (STGBs), which are believed to play important roles on self-healing, are ...susceptible to configuration and structural change under irradiation. The effect of such changes on mechanical properties of such GBs is still unknown. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations, we find that the critical shear stress τc required for Σ5 STGB migration is greatly reduced by either displacement cascade nearby or absorption of defect clusters. Moreover, we find that the trapping of radiation-induced interstitial-type dislocation loops could also decrease τc, indicating that displacement cascades could also exert a long-range effect on GBs due to the fast diffusion of interstitial clusters.
CuO coating on the surface of aluminum borate whiskers (ABOw) was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. CuO coated ABOw reinforced 6061Al composite was fabricated by squeeze casting. The preparation ...process and characterizations of the CuO coated ABOw were investigated. The effects of CuO coating on the interfacial reactions between the whiskers and 6061Al matrix, and tensile properties of the composite in as-cast and after thermal exposure were investigated. The results show that a uniform CuO coating of ABOw is prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. CuO coating of the whiskers reacts with molten 6061Al during squeeze casting, increasing the wettability and tensile properties of as-cast composite. Meanwhile, MgAl2O4 uniformly forms at the interface, which can effectively reduce serious interfacial reactions between the whiskers and Mg in the 6061Al matrix at high temperatures, improving thermal stability of the composite.
In the past decades, space missions to small bodies (Galileo, OSIRIS‐REx, Hayabusa, Hayabusa2, Chang'e 2, Rosetta, etc.) have enriched us greatly with voluminous new knowledge on our solar system. In ...situ observations by these missions have revealed the extreme complexity and remarkable diversity of the spatial environment around their target asteroids. A study on the motion of objects in such complex environments is of great importance for understanding the evolution history of surface/subsurface materials on the asteroids. Establishing a reasonable dynamic model is obviously a crucial step. This paper proposes a method for tracking the motion of an object near the surface of an arbitrary asteroid. This method combines the irregular shape, an unlimited rotational state and asymmetric gravitational field, which are three key factors that dominate the complex movement of an object on and off the asteroid's surface. The gravitational attraction and potential are computed using the polyhedral method with corrections for the possible singularities. The asteroid's surface is then approximated using a continuous and differentiable surface, and the parametric representation forms of the body are derived based on polynomial series. An event‐driven scheme is designed, so that the orbital motion and surface motion are processed separately by checking the triggering events. The algorithm was implemented using C++. Benchmarking tests are organized on a local cluster, showing a satisfactory performance in both accuracy and efficiency. This method was further applied to improve the control accuracy of the landing spot of an asteroid surface lander.
Key Points
A new numerical method is proposed for modeling the surface of asteroids using smooth parameter mapping
In this paper, we present a method to model the migration of an individual object around asteroid's surface
We simulate the deployments of the lander on asteroid Ryugu
Aims
Alcoholism is a well-known detrimental factor in fracture healing. However, the underlying mechanism of alcohol-inhibited fracture healing remains poorly understood.
Methods
MicroRNA (miR) ...sequencing was performed on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The effects of alcohol and miR-19a-3p on vascularization and osteogenic differentiation were analyzed in vitro using BMSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). An in vivo alcohol-fed mouse model of femur fracture healing was also established, and radiological and histomorphometric analyses were used to evaluate the role of miR-19a-3p. The binding of miR-19a-3p to forkhead box F2 (FOXF2) was analyzed using a luciferase reporter assay.
Results
miR-19a-3p was identified as one of the key regulators in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and was found to be downregulated in the alcohol-fed mouse model of fracture healing. In vitro, miR-19a-3p expression was downregulated after ethanol administration in both BMSCs and HUVECs. Vascularization and osteogenic differentiation were independently suppressed by ethanol and reversed by miR-19a-3p. In addition, the luciferase reporter assay showed that FOXF2 is the direct binding target of miR-19a-3p. In vivo, miR-19a-3p agomir stimulated callus transformation and improved the alcohol-impaired fracture healing.
Conclusion
This study is the first to demonstrate that the miR-19a-3p/FOXF2 axis has a pivotal role in alcohol-impaired fracture healing, and may be a potential therapeutic target. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(6):386–397.
The first human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus was reported in Shanghai, China in March 2013. An additional 32 cases of human H7N9 infection were identified in the following months from ...March to April 2013 in Shanghai. Here we conducted a case-control study of the patients with H7N9 infection (n = 25) using controls matched by age, sex, and residence to determine risk factors for H7N9 infection. Our findings suggest that chronic disease and frequency of visiting a live poultry market (>10 times, or 1–9 times during the 2 weeks before illness onset) were likely to be significantly associated with H7N9 infection, with the odds ratios being 4·07 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·32–12·56, 10·61 (95% CI 1·85–60·74), and 3·76 (95% CI 1·31–10·79), respectively. Effective strategies for live poultry market control should be reinforced and ongoing education of the public is warranted to promote behavioural changes that can help to eliminate direct or indirect contact with influenza A(H7N9) virus.
Ag
x
O samples prepared in different O
2 gas ratio conditions and annealed at different temperatures have been studied by the spectroscopic ellipsometry, XRD and XPS methods. The optimal O
2/(O
2+Ar) ...gas ratio for the sample preparation will be in the range 0.5–0.6, in which the optical constants become less changed. During annealing, the as-deposited amorphous structure of Ag
x
O will be crystallized and the temperature-dependent decomposition will occur. The threshold of the decomposition temperature for AgO and Ag
2O is approximately 200 °C and 300 °C, respectively. The results indicate that the samples annealed at the low and high O
2/(O
2+Ar) gas ratio will have different structures, and the structure of Ag
2O is more stable with a lower oxygen diffusion rate in decomposition for the sample prepared in the higher O
2 gas ratio condition.
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