Camelina and chia oils are among the vegetable oils (VOs) with high content of α‐linolenic acid (ALA) and a combination of antioxidants, giving them nutritional advantage over other VOs used in ...aquafeeds. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary substitution of fish oil with oils from camelina or chia on the growth performance, fatty acid (FA) composition, gene expression and blood haematology in gilthead sea bream after a 90‐day feeding trial. Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated in which fish oil was 100% (camelina oil, CSO diet; and chia oil, CO diet) or 60% (MIX1 and MIX2 diets containing camelina and chia oils, respectively) replaced with camelina or chia oils. Growth performance and FA profiles of fish were significantly affected by the dietary treatments (p < .05). Contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) decreased, whereas n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n‐3/n‐6 ratio increased in fish fed diets containing oils from camelina or chia. An up‐regulation in the expression of genes involved in PUFA metabolism and the subsequent in vivo bioconversion of precursor FAs into highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA, C ≥ 20 and n ≥ 3) were recorded in fish fed VO‐based diets. Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), haemoglobin and haematocrit did not differ among fish fed the experimental diets. Our overall results suggested that replacement of fish oil with camelina or chia oil did not adversely affect growth performance in gilthead sea bream, except for those fed CSO diet. Our results also demonstrate that fatty acid profile of fish can be modified by the dietary inclusion level of camelina or chia oils.
This study assesses the effect of inclusion of n–3 C18 rich oils on nutrient profile and quality of flesh in gilthead seabream (≈ 61.5 g) after feeding isoproteic and isolipidic diets in which ...camelina seed (CSO) or chia oil (CO) totally or partially replaces fish oil (FO) for 110 days. Fillet fatty acid (FA) profile reflects dietary FA profile, characterized by increased C18 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and a reduced highly unsaturated FA, whereas n–3/n–6 ratios are increased in fish fed diets with CSO or CO content. However, indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity, calculated from the fillet FA profile as indices for the health quality for consumers, are reduced with dietary addition of CSO or CO due to the increased fillet content of C18 n–3 PUFA in CSO and CO fed fish. In spite of the differences in fillet FA profiles, sensory quality of flesh does not vary among fish from different dietary groups. Instrumental texture and color analyses reveal significantly different values in cooked fillets in comparison to the raw fillets. Overall, dietary inclusion of CSO or CO enhances the nutritional value of fish flesh as well as the production of healthier fillets.
Practical Applications: This study suggests fish oil could be totally replaced with camelina or chia oil in the diet of gilthead sea bream without negatively affecting sensory characteristics. The dietary inclusion of these oils could enhance the nutritional quality of fish fillets, and could receive wide application in the aquafeed and animal feed producing sector.
Reduced fillet content of highly unsaturated FA and increased n–3/n–6 ratios in camelina seed oil (CSO) and chia oil (CO) fed fish. Indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity are reduced in CSO and CO fed fish. Sensory quality does not vary among fish fillets. Instrumental texture and color analyses reveal significantly different values in cooked fillets in comparison to the raw fillets.
In this study, the effects of chitosan extracted from Metapenaeus stebbingi shells and commercial chitosan on lipid oxidation of European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) during refrigerated storage (+4°C) ...were examined. The control and treated fillet samples were analyzed periodically for pH value, free fatty acid (FFA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) number, and peroxide value (PV). The results indicated that both chitosans significantly reduced FFA content, TBA number, and PV (P < 0.05). It was concluded that 10 g/L of extracted chitosan solution was the optimal concentration for extending the shelf life of eel fillets.
The aim of this research was to examine the effect of health consciousness, environmental concern and food safety concern on both the intention to buy organic foods and the attitude towards organic ...foods, and the effect of attitude towards organic foods on the intention to buy organic foods. It had also a specific aim to explore whether attitude has a mediation effect on the relationship between the intention to buy and health consciousness, environmental concern and food safety concern. Data were gathered from consumers using a survey. The questionnaire used was administered to a convenience sample of 385 consumers from Adana, Turkey, through a self‐administered questionnaire. Regression and mediation analysis were used to test the hypotheses. The findings suggested that the attitude and the intention to buy were affected by health consciousness, environmental concern and food safety concern. They also showed that the attitude plays a fundamental role both in terms of the direct impact on the intention to buy and the indirect effect as a mediator on how the health consciousness, environmental concern and food safety concern affect the intention to buy. This research is useful to fill the gaps in the literature regarding the mediation effect of the attitude on the relationship between the intention to buy and food safety concern. Another contribution is being one of the first to examine the attitude as a mediator on the relationship between the intention to buy organic foods and health consciousness, environmental concern and food safety concern of Turkish consumers.
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