Environmental Noise and Annoyance in Adult Population of Skopje: A Cross-Sectional Study Ristovska, Gordana (Institute of Public Health, Medical Faculty, University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia); Gjorgjev, Dragan (Institute of Public Health, Medical Faculty, University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia); Polozhani, Aziz (Institute of Public Health, Medical Faculty, University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia) ...
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju,
09/2009, Letnik:
60, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The aim of this study was to identify noise exposure indicators during day and night in the city of Skopje and to see if there is an association between these noise exposure indicators and annoyance. ...We have performed noise measurements and interviewed 510 adult subjects, using a questionnaire, prepared according to the ISO/TS-15666 standard. Average noise level over the day (L day ) was (62±6.45) dB(A) and over night (L night ) (56±6.52) dB(A). Thirteen percent of subjects reported a high level, and 33.5% moderate level of annoyance. The most annoying noise sources were construction activities (34% of the subjects), road traffic (24%), and leisure/entertainment activities (18%). We found a significant association between exposure to L day in the range 61 dB(A) to 65 dB(A) and annoyance in the exposed population (chi-square = 86.14; p<0.001; Spearman's R=0.45; p<0.05). During the night time annoyance was reported with exposure to L night above 46 dB(A). Levels of annoyance in Macedonia are similar to levels in developed European countries. Differences are in the source of noise. This study has shown that environmental noise is a significant hazard in urban environments, and assessment of annoyance may prove a useful tool for town planners and public health policy makers.
Cilj ovog ispitivanja bio je utvrditi dnevne i noćne razine buke u Skopju te njihovu povezanost s osjećajem uzrujanosti u izloženoj populaciji. Provedena su mjerenja buke te razgovori s 510 odraslih ispitanika s pomoću upitnika sastavljenog prema normi ISO/TS-15666. Prosje _na dnevna razina buke iznosila je (62±6,45) dB(A), a noćna (56±6,52) dB(A). Trinaest posto ispitanika iskazalo je izrazitu, a 33,5 % umjerenu uzrujanost. Ispitanicima je najviše smetala buka s gradilišta (34 %), prometna buka (24 %) te buka proizišla iz aktivnosti u slobodnome vremenu (18 %). Utvrdili smo statisti _ki zna _ajnu povezanost između dnevne izloženosti buci u rasponu od 61 dB(A) do 65 dB(A) i uzrujanosti (hi-kvadrat=86,14; p<0,001) te statisti _ki zna _ajnu korelaciju (R=0,45; p<0,05). Povezanost između izloženosti noćnoj buci i uzrujanosti utvrđena je već pri 46 dB(A), a napose pri >56 dB(A), uz zna _ajnu korelaciju (R=0,04; p<0,05).Razine uzrujanosti stanovnika Skopja zbog buke sli _ne su onima u razvijenim europskim zemljama. Postoje međutim razlike u izvorima buke, koji su u našem ispitivanju ponajviše građevinske djelatnosti, cestovni promet te buka proizišla iz aktivnosti u slobodno vrijeme. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je procjena uzrujanosti stanovništva vrijedan podatak koji može poslužiti kod izrade urbanisti _kih planova i javnozdravstvene politike.
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