Biodistribution of nanodiamonds in mice after intravenous administration, activities of AST and ALT, and the level of bilirubin in the blood plasma were studied in 2.5 h and 10, 35, and 97 days after ...injection of nanodiamonds. In 2.5 h after intravenous injection, nanodiamonds mainly accumulate in the lungs and liver. Then, redistribution of nanodiamonds from all organs to the liver was observed. Activities of AST and ALT and the level of bilirubin in the blood increased after 2.5 h and then decreased to the initial values.
The short-living cosmogenic isotope 7Be, which is produced by cosmic rays in the atmosphere, is often used as a tracer for atmospheric dynamics, with precise and high-resolution measurements covering ...the recent decades. The long-living isotope 10Be, as measured in polar ice cores with an annual resolution, is a proxy for long-term cosmic-ray variability, whose signal can, however, be distorted by atmospheric transport and deposition that need to be properly modeled to be accounted for. While transport of 7Be can be modeled with high accuracy using the known meteorological fields, atmospheric transport of 10Be was typically modeled using case-study-specific simulations or simplified box models based on parameterizations. Thus, there is a need for a realistic model able to simulate atmospheric transport and deposition of beryllium with a focus on polar regions and (inter)annual timescales that is potentially able to operate in a self-consistent mode without the prescribed meteorology. Since measurements of 10Be are extremely laborious and hence scarce, it is difficult to compare model results directly with measurement data. On the other hand, the two beryllium isotopes are believed to have similar transport and deposition properties, being different only in production and lifetime, and thus the results of 7Be transport can be generally applied to 10Be. Here we present a new model, called CCM SOCOL-AERv2-BE, to trace isotopes of 7Be and 10Be in the atmosphere based on the chemistry–climate model (CCM) SOCOL (SOlar Climate Ozone Links), which has been improved by including modules for the production, deposition, and transport of 7Be and 10Be. Production of the isotopes was modeled for both galactic and solar cosmic rays by applying the CRAC (Cosmic Ray Atmospheric Cascade) model. Transport of 7Be was modeled without additional gravitational settling due to the submicron size of the background aerosol particles. An interactive deposition scheme was applied including both wet and dry deposition. Modeling was performed using a full nudging to the meteorological fields for the period of 2002–2008 with a spin-up period of 1996–2001. The modeled concentrations of 7Be in near-ground air were compared with the measured ones at a weekly time resolution in four nearly antipodal high-latitude locations: two in the Northern (Finland and Canada) and two in the Southern (Chile and the Kerguelen Islands) Hemisphere. The model results agree with the measurements in the absolute level within error bars, implying that the production, decay, and lateral deposition are correctly reproduced. The model also correctly reproduces the temporal variability of 7Be concentrations on annual and sub-annual scales, including the presence and absence of the annual cycle in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, respectively. We also modeled the production and transport of 7Be for a major solar energetic particle event (SPE) on 20 January 2005, which appears insufficient to produce a measurable signal but may serve as a reference event for historically known extreme SPEs. Thus, a new full 3D time-dependent model, based on CCM SOCOL, of 7Be and 10Be atmospheric production, transport, and deposition has been developed. Comparison with real data on the 7Be concentration in the near-ground air validates the model and its accuracy.
The objective of this study was to identify genes targeted by both copy number and copy-neutral changes in the right coronary arteries in the area of advanced atherosclerotic plaques and intact ...internal mammary arteries derived from the same individuals with comorbid coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome. The artery samples from 10 patients were screened for genomic imbalances using array comparative genomic hybridization. Ninety high-confidence, identical copy number variations (CNVs) were detected. We also identified eight copy-neutral changes (cn-LOHs) > 1.5 Mb in paired arterial samples in 4 of 10 individuals. The frequencies of the two gains located in the 10q24.31 (ERLIN1) and 12q24.11 (UNG, ACACB) genomic regions were evaluated in 33 paired arteries and blood samples. Two patients contained the gain in 10q24.31 (ERLIN1) and one patient contained the gain in 12q24.11 (UNG, ACACB) that affected only the blood DNA. An additional two patients harboured these CNVs in both the arteries and blood. In conclusion, we discovered and confirmed a gain of the 10q24.31 (ERLIN1) and 12q24.11 (UNG, ACACB) genomic regions in patients with coronary artery disease and metabolic comorbidity. Analysis of DNA extracted from blood indicated a possible somatic origin for these CNVs.
—The stress–strain properties of radiation-modified polydicyclopentadiene synthesized by the PolyHIPE technology are studied. The dependence of the tensile strength on the absorbed dose follows a ...complex pattern. A rise in the dependence in the low-dose region, that is, in the range from 10 to 40 kGy, may be associated with the predominance of radiation crosslinking over degradation. With the increase in the absorbed dose above 40 kGy, the test material generally behaves as predominantly destructuring. Experimentally detected are the signs of tensile strength recovery in the dose range from 20 to 40 kGy to the corresponding values for the unirradiated sample, which indicates the enhanced strength properties of the material. When comparing the values obtained for the material irradiated with a dose of 40 kGy and the unirradiated material, it is clear that the tensile strength decreases by just 5%. It is found that, in the dose range from 0 to 10 kGy, degradation reactions dominate, leading to a low content of the gel fraction. With a further increase in the radiation dose, the intensity of crosslinking of macromolecules becomes higher than the intensity of degradation, which leads to an increase in the proportion of the gel fraction. In the range of 30–50 kGy, the character of this dependence indicates that radiation crosslinking predominates over degradation and it is maximal at a dose of 40 kGy, as follows from a small amount of the dissolved part of the polymer.
Introduction.
In the Siberian Federal Area, the abundance of clay soils sources with above-optimal moisture content
significantly complicates the technology of operations, reduces the speed of work, ...and makes some reserves
unusable. To solve these problems, the use of quicklime in preparation for quarrying of clay soils with above-optimal
moisture content was considered.
The experimental studies have been carried out on the dynamics of soil drainage (lightweight dust loam) from
drilling a well filled with lightweight lime (concentrated lime method). During this study, three experiments were
carried out on soil masses with different initial humidity, two of which were carried out under the influence of lime
and one (control) without the effect thereof.
In addition, the change in optimum humidity and maximum density of dry soil during lime injection into loamy soil
(dosage from 2% to 6% by mass) was evaluated. On the basis of the results obtained and the analysis of literature
sources rational distances between slots (wells) are justified when using concentrated lime action technology to
drain soils with increased humidity in quarries.
Negotiations and conclusions.
On the basis of the results obtained in the course of the study, it can be concluded
that drying the soil with lime by the proposed concentrated method has a positive effect on the physical and
mechanical characteristics of the soil.
We have studied the effect of surface modification with acids and subsequent heat treatment on the properties of hydrous zirconia. It has been shown that surface modification with phosphate and ...sulfate groups makes it possible not only to control the phase composition of the heat-treated oxide but also to considerably suppress particle growth. We have discussed the processes involved and shown that, in the initial stages of thermolysis, the process leads to the formation of metastable, tetragonal ZrO
2
, which transforms into monoclinic zirconia at higher temperatures. Surface modification with phosphoric acid stabilizes tetragonal zirconia up to 850°C.
Features of formation and distribution of pearlite disperstion degree in C82D steel (EN ISO 16120-2:2017) billet and after its hot plastic deformation at different stages of rolling, were ...established. The structure is a lamellar pearlite with different degrees of dispersity, regardless of the technological area of samples selection. The interplate distance of pearlite increases and reaches the largest values in the center with the approach to the axial rolling zone. The hot plastic deformation should be completed at a controlled temperature of the metal output at the last stage of rolling. Here stage of water cooling was excluded what reduces the temperature gradient between the surface and the center rolling.
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