Aims
Vibrio alginolyticus was frequently isolated from diseased farmed fish in the coaster waters of Hainan Island over the past two decades. In this study, we attempted to identify candidates of ...virulent strain‐specific DNA regions for this pathogen.
Methods and Results
Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and PCR were successively performed between the typical virulent strain and avirulent strain of V. alginolyticus, in which they shared 99·54% homology of 16S rDNAs. Out of 2873 subtracted clones, nine clones were finally indicated to harbour virulent strain‐specific DNA fragments. The receivable functions of the major fragments in the nine clones were believed to encode methyl‐accepting chemotaxis protein (n = 1), type VI secretion system‐associated FHA domain protein TagH (n = 1), diguanylate cyclase (n = 1), AraC family transcriptional regulator (n = 1), ABC‐type uncharacterized transport system permease component (n = 1) and hypothetical proteins (n = 4). Two hypothetical proteins contain several disordered regions.
Conclusions
Some specific DNA regions existed in the virulent strain of V. alginolyticus, and the SSH assay could be a highly sensitive method for identifying virulent regions in pathogens.
Significance and Impact of the Study
This report is the first to describe the identification of virulent strain‐specific DNA regions in the V. alginolyticus genome, which is helpful in developing virulent strain‐specific rapid detection methods and is a pivotal precondition for clarifying the molecular virulence mechanism of V. alginolyticus.
Cell-cell communication via ligand-receptor signaling is a fundamental feature of complex organs. Despite this, the global landscape of intercellular signaling in mammalian liver has not been ...elucidated. Here we perform single-cell RNA sequencing on non-parenchymal cells isolated from healthy and NASH mouse livers. Secretome gene analysis revealed a highly connected network of intrahepatic signaling and disruption of vascular signaling in NASH. We uncovered the emergence of NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs), which are marked by high expression of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2), as a feature of mouse and human NASH that is linked to disease severity and highly responsive to pharmacological and dietary interventions. Finally, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) serve as a hub of intrahepatic signaling via HSC-derived stellakines and their responsiveness to vasoactive hormones. These results provide unprecedented insights into the landscape of intercellular crosstalk and reprogramming of liver cells in health and disease.
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•Heterogeneity and plasticity of non-parenchymal cells in healthy and NASH liver•Landscape of intrahepatic ligand-receptor signaling at single-cell resolution•Emergence of Trem2+ NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs) in mouse and human NASH•Stellakine secretion and contractile response to vasoactive hormones by HSCs
This work illustrates the heterogeneity of liver non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) and their reprogramming during NASH pathogenesis. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis, the authors mapped the landscape of the intrahepatic ligand-receptor signaling network and revealed two fundamental aspects of HSC biology: stellakine secretion and contractile response to vasoactive hormones. Hepatic vascular dysfunction and emergence of Trem2+ NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs) are two conserved features of mouse and human NASH.
We report the properties of a field effect transistor (FET) and a gas sensor based on CuO nanowires. CuO nanowire FETs exhibit p-type behavior. Large-scale p-type CuO nanowire thin-film transistors ...(10(4) devices in a 25 mm(2) area) are fabricated and we effectively demonstrate their enhanced performance. Furthermore, CuO nanowire exhibits high and fast response to CO gas at 200 degrees C, which makes it a promising candidate for a poisonous gas sensing nanodevice.
Abstract Objective We examined the surface characteristics and corrosion properties of selective laser melted (SLM) cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) dental alloys before and after porcelain-fused-to-metal ...(PFM) firing. Methods Samples were manufactured utilizing SLM techniques and control specimens were fabricated using traditional casting methods. The microstructure and surface composition were examined using metallographic microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Corrosion properties were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Student's t -test was used to evaluate differences in numerical results of electrochemical corrosion tests between SLM and cast specimens before or after PFM firing. The results of electrochemical corrosion tests of the SLM and cast samples before and after firing were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results Although PFM firing altered the microstructure of the SLM specimens, they still exhibited a compact and homogeneous structure, and XPS analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in the surface composition of the specimens after firing. In artificial saliva at pH 5, the Rp value of the SLM specimens was 6.21 MΩ cm−2 before firing and 2.84 MΩ cm−2 after firing, suggesting there was no significant difference in electrochemical corrosion properties ( P > 0.05). In artificial saliva at pH 2.5, the Rp value of the SLM group was 4.80 MΩ cm−2 before firing and 2.88 MΩ cm−2 after firing, again indicating no significant difference in electrochemical corrosion properties ( P > 0.05). At pH 2.5, there was a significant difference in corrosion behavior between the cast and SLM groups, with the Rp value of the cast group being 0.78 MΩ cm−2 vs. 2.88 MΩ cm−2 for the SLM group. Significance The improved post-firing corrosion resistance of SLM specimens provides further support for their use in prosthodontic applications, as the oral environment may become temporarily acidic following meals.
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