The importance of identifying and improving the distinctiveness of historical urban landscapes as a means of reinforcing place identity and supporting economic development has been widely ...acknowledged. However, research on the economic and social performance of heritage conservation areas is slow to develop, especially in New Zealand. In connection to the examination of Special Character Areas (SCAs) in Auckland, this paper seeks to quantify the value of the historical urban landscape and improve its management. A property value analysis is used to assess the impact of SCA designation on property values and an online questionnaire survey gathers information on homeowners’ experiences of living in an SCA. The results indicate that designated SCA properties have higher average values than non-designated properties and homeowners are appreciative of a sense of community and having certainty about the look and feel of their neighbourhood in the future. However, the majority of people who had gone through the processes of building and planning applications found it to be a negative experience because of the high cost in terms of time and money. A historic urban landscape approach to the development of management plans and design guidelines is recommended to improve the implementation of the Special Character Areas in Auckland and beyond.
Perioperative administration of tranexamic acid has been suggested to reduce bleeding and blood transfusion requirements in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Despite being sporadic, the ...potential risk for thrombotic complications cannot be ignored. However, intracardiac thrombosis associated with tranexamic acid administration is rare. We described a case of circulatory collapse caused by intracardiac thrombosis associated with tranexamic acid administration for a scheduled knee arthroplasty.
A 62-year-old male patient was scheduled for a right knee arthroplasty. He had a history of hypertension and had undergone surgery for treatment of right femur fracture 30 years previously. Other than a high platelet count (498 × 109/L), results of laboratory investigations were within normal limits. The ultrasonic examination of both lower limbs showed no thrombosis. Upon sterilizing the surgical area, tranexamic acid (1.6 g) was intravenously administered after induction of anesthesia and intubation. Then the patient had a sudden circulatory collapse. Through cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the patient recovered spontaneous circulation. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed extensive thrombosis in the right atrium and ventricle.
Circulation collapse caused by intracardiac thrombosis.
Thrombolytic therapy was recommended after urgent multidisciplinary consultation. Thus, urokinase was administered intravenously. Fifty minutes after thrombolysis, the mass in ventricle disappeared. A shrunken mass was observed in the right atrium. After another half an hour, no abnormal echoes were seen in the right heart chambers.
The patient was discharged after 43 days without any organ dysfunction.
This case reminds clinicians that perioperative tranexamic acid administration may increase the risk of thrombosis, which needs focused attention from anesthesiologists. Prompt transesophageal echocardiography examination should be done to allow immediate diagnosis and effective thrombolysis therapy when unexplained cardiac arrest occurs during anesthesia.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of pediatric patients who were treated for olecranon and displaced radial neck fractures with absorbable rods and Kirschner wires.
Thirty-one ...patients (20 male, 11 female), aged from 3 to 13 years old with olecranon and displaced radial neck fractures treated with absorbable rods and Kirschner wires, were included in this retrospective, single-center study. All radial neck fractures were Judet type IV, and there were 17 type C and 14 type D olecranon fractures. The follow-up time ranged from 26 to 56 months (average 35.8 months). The Boyd approach was used first to reduce olecranon fractures and fix them with Kirschner wires. Thereafter, radial neck fractures were reduced and fixed with absorbable rods. Patients' functional outcomes were assessed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Index score.
Results were excellent in 19 patients, good in 8 patients, fair in 2 patients, and poor in 2 cases according to the Mayo Elbow Performance Index score. The rate of excellent and good outcomes was 87.1%. The average Mayo Elbow Performance Index score was 91.5 points. Three patients showed radial nerve injuries preoperatively, which were assessed intraoperatively. No nerve repair was required, and all nerve injuries recovered within 3 months.
This study has shown us that using a Boyd approach for open reduction and fixation with absorbable rods and K-wires is feasible for olecranon and severely displaced radial neck fractures in pediatric patients.
Level IV, Therapeutic study.
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•Leaching behavior and environmental risk of Mn+ in FA exposed to MLL were studied.•Early leaching of MLL increased the OPTI level of Mn+ in liquid-phase.•The ability of FA3 in ...reducing STI level of Mn+ in solid-phase was better than FA2.•Non-adsorptive DOM-Mn+ was the main complex form in the early leaching stage.•HJ/T300-2007 was more effective than MLL in enhancing FA exposure scenario.
Solidification/stabilization pretreatment + landfill disposal in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill sites is a widely accepted MSW incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA) management strategy in China. However, in reality, the stability of FA disposed in MSW landfill sites may be affected by the organic landfill leachate environment. The purpose of this study was to explore the mobility and environmental risks of six toxic metals (Mn+, Pb/Zn/Cu/Cd/Cr/Ni), from raw and solidified/stabilized FA, by simulating a leaching environment with mature landfill leachate (MLL). The leaching of Mn+ mainly occurred in the early leaching stage, and their leaching behavior was controlled by the diffusion of surface Mn+ in the FA matrix. The destructive effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the local precipitation-dissolution equilibrium of FA-leachate interface, the formation of non-adsorptive DOM-Mn+ complex (easy to migrate), and the competitive effect of DOM on the binding sites of Mn+ on the surface of the FA matrix may play an important role in increasing the leaching level of most Mn+. By contrast, the potential of solidified FA in reducing the environmental risk level of leached Mn+ was better than that of stabilized FA. However, the immobilization capability of solidification/stabilization pretreatment on various types of Mn+ in FA should be judged according to their practical disposal environment. Compared to MLL leaching tests, Acetic Acid Buffer Solution Method (HJ/T300-2007) can effectively strengthen the exposure environment and provide a reliable reference level of environmental risk for MSWI FA disposed in MSW landfill sites.
MYB transcription factors (TFs) participate in many biological processes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MYB TFs affect plant resistance to apple ring rot remain poorly understood. Here, ...the R2R3-MYB gene
was cloned from "
" apples and functionally characterized as a positive regulator of the defense response to
. qRT-PCR and GUS staining demonstrated that
was strongly induced in apple fruits and transgenic calli after inoculation with
.
overexpression improved resistance to
in apple calli and fruits, while
suppression weakened. Increased resistance to
was also observed in
-expressing
. Interestingly, salicylic acid (SA) contents and the expression levels of genes related with SA synthesis and signaling were greater in
-overexpressing plant materials compared to wild-type controls after inoculation, suggesting that MdMYB73 might enhance resistance to
the SA pathway. Finally, we discovered that MdMYB73 interacts with MdWRKY31, a positive regulator of
. Together, MdWRKY31 and MdMYB73 enhanced
resistance in apples. Our results clarify the mechanisms by which MdMYB73 improves resistance to
and suggest that resistance may be affected by regulating the SA pathway.
We study a double-cavity optomechanical system in which a movable mirror with perfect reflection is inserted between two fixed mirrors with partial transmission. This optomechanical system is driven ...from both fixed end mirrors in a symmetric scheme by two strong coupling fields and two weak probe fields. We find that three interesting phenomena: coherent perfect absorption (CPA), coherent perfect transmission (CPT), and coherent perfect synthesis (CPS) can be attained within different parameter regimes. That is, we can make two input probe fields totally absorbed by the movable mirror without yielding any energy output from either end mirror (CPA); make an input probe field transmitted from one end mirror to the other end mirror without suffering any energy loss in the two cavities (CPT); make two input probe fields synthesized into one output probe field after undergoing either a perfect transmission or a perfect reflection (CPS). These interesting phenomena originate from the efficient hybrid coupling of optical and mechanical modes and may be all-optically controlled to realize novel photonic devices in quantum information networks.
Land subsidence is a global phenomenon that derives from natural processes such as auto-compaction and tectonic activity, as well as anthropogenic activities that are exemplified by withdrawal of ...water, oil or other fluids from the subsurface. Fluid withdrawal-induced subsidence has become a threat in densely populated zones such as coastal areas, especially in this era of growing climate change impacts when hydrological changes may not enable sufficient recharge of aquifers to replenish withdrawn water. It is important to estimate settlement for design of counter-measures: a challenge in areas of complex sedimentary history and geomedia stratification. Herein is presented the methodology and results of configuration of the Logistics Model using measured settlement data to predict future settlement in the coastal town of Tianjin, P.R. China with validation using continuous strata deformation data obtained through borehole distributed fiber-optic sensing. The cumulative subsidence over the October 2017-December 2019 period reached 56 mm with an estimated potential limit of 96 mm, leaving a balance of 42.0% of the total for attainment in the future. Subsidence of the area is estimated to reach the “stability subsidence stage” by 2050. In the G06 borehole depth range of 3.4–18.4 m which comprises clayey silty sand and silty fine sand, the measured deformation accounts for 58.5% of the total while the residual (future) deformation is 37.6% of that total. The depth ranges of 0–3.4 m (shallow stratum) and 18.4–38.4 m (deep stratum) constitute the “priority layer” because the strata are still in the “accelerated subsidence stage” that is characterized by high subsidence rate estimates for the future. Thus, the projected high subsidence rates of the two layers warrant the design and implementation of proactive countermeasures.
•DFOS can obtain the continuous distributions of subsurface deformation.•A logistic model was used to estimate the subsidence potential.•Land subsidence in Tianjin study area is predicted to enter the stable stage by 2050.•The dominant layer and the priority layer among compacting strata were identified.
Alternative pre‐mRNA splicing plays important roles in regulating self‐renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, how specific alternative splicing programs are established ...in ESCs remains elusive. Here, we show that a subset of alternative splicing events in ESCs is dependent on miR‐294 expression. Remarkably, roughly 60% of these splicing events are affected by the depletion of Muscleblind‐Like Splicing Regulator 1 and 2 (Mbnl1/2). Distinct from canonical miRNA function, miR‐294 represses Mbnl1/2 through both posttranscriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, we uncover non‐canonical functions of MBNL proteins that bind and promote the expression of miR‐294 targets, including Cdkn1a and Tgfbr2, thereby opposing the role of miR‐294 in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our study reveals extensive interactions between miRNAs and splicing factors, highlighting their roles in regulating cell type‐specific alternative splicing and defining gene expression programs during development and cellular differentiation.
Synopsis
Extensive crosstalk between microRNAs and alternative splicing programs shapes the transcriptome of ESCs. The miR‐290/302 family and Mbnl1/2 proteins opposingly regulate alternative splicing and gene expression, thereby influencing cell fate determination.
A subset of alternative splicing events in ESCs depends on the miR‐290/302 family.
miR‐294 regulates alternative splicing events by repressing the splicing regulators Mbnl1/2.
Mbnl1/2 counteracts miR‐294 by binding and promoting the expression of its key targets.
Extensive crosstalk between microRNAs and alternative splicing programs shapes the transcriptome of ESCs. The miR‐290/302 family and Mbnl1/2 proteins opposingly regulate alternative splicing and gene expression, thereby influencing cell fate determination.
Nonreciprocal devices are indispensable for providing highly desirable functionalities for optical circuitry. Here, we propose to take advantage of the interference between optomechanical interaction ...and mechanical driving to create optical nonreciprocal transmission in a double-cavity optomechanical system. We derived essential conditions for ideal optomechanically induced optical nonreciprocity and analysed properties of optical nonreciprocal transmission, especially in blue-detuned regime. These results can be used to control optical transmission in quantum information processing.
Graphical abstract
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