This study investigates the relationship between digital financial inclusion, external financing, and the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises in China. The choice of corporate financing ...methods is an important part of organizational behavioral psychology, and different financing models will have a certain effect on organizational performance, especially in the digital economy environment. Therefore, based on resource dependence theory and financing constraint theory, the present study utilizes the panel data collected from the China Stock Market & Accounting Research (CSMAR) database from 2011 to 2020 of 112 companies in the Yangtze River Delta region and the "The Peking University Digital Financial Inclusion Index of China (PKU-DFIIC)" released by the Peking University Digital Finance Research Center and Ant Financial Group. The results show that the Digital Financial Inclusion Index (DFIIC) has a significant positive correlation with the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises. The higher the level of debt financing, the stronger the role of digital financial inclusion in promoting innovation performance. Investigating the DFIIC in terms of coverage breadth and usage depth, we find that usage depth does not significantly encourage innovation performance. The effect of the interaction between coverage breadth and external financing is consistent with the results for the DFIIC. The study suggests that equity financing promotes the usage depth of the DFIIC in state-owned enterprises. In contrast, debt financing promotes the coverage breadth of non-state-owned enterprises. Finally, we propose relevant policy recommendations based on the research results. It includes in-depth popularization of inclusive finance in the daily operations of enterprises at the technical level, refinement of external financing policy incentives for enterprises based on the characteristics of ownership, and strengthening the research of technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and cloud computing. The paper presents a range of theoretical and practical implications for practitioners and academics relevant to high-tech enterprises.
From sustainable chemistry and engineering perspectives, water and energy consumption are arguably the main issues in the textile industry. Thus, a silicone reverse emulsion dyeing system is ...developed to dye cellulosic textile with reactive dye. When the amount of dye is the same, the color depth of dyed cotton fiber is 13.82 and the fixation of dye is 87.76% in the silicone reverse emulsion dyeing system. In traditional water-based dyeing system, the color depth of dyed cotton fiber and the fixation of dye is only 9.31, 56.63% respectively. The silicone reverse emulsion dyeing technology does not consumes salts, but it can improve the dye fixation by 31.13%, and decreases the dye discharge by 72.41%. For the hydrolysis of bifunctional reactive dye, the main hydrolysis reaction is the individual hydrolysis of monochlorotriazine or vinyl sulfone at the prophase of hydrolysis. After 30 min, the additional β-hydroxyethyl sulfone and hydroxyl triazine dye are hydrolyzed to dihydroxyl dye. To confirm the hydrolytic reaction energy of dye in different dyeing system, the optimization of molecular structure, the hydrolysis reaction gap and the distribution of electron density on the dye were investigated using density functional theory. The hydrolytic reaction energy gap of bifunctional reactive dye is higher in silicone reverse emulsion dyeing system than that in traditional aqueous dyeing system, resulting the hydrolysis of dye is difficult in silicone oil emulsion dyeing system. The electron density is distributed almost entirely on the carbon–carbon double bond and triazine group in the HOMO of the dye, resulting in the LUMO of dyes can attacked by HOMO of hydroxyl anion. These successful investigations of the dyeing performance and the hydrolysis mechanism of dye explain that reactive dye can keep a long reactivity to fiber and effectively reduce the number of washing times, which greatly reduces the discharge of dyeing waste water.
The pollution problem caused by surplus livestock manure nutrient is becoming more and more serious; thus, analyzing characteristics of the temporal and spatial patterns of livestock manure nutrient ...and assessing the risks are extremely important. The pollution coefficient method was used to figure out the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) emissions of livestock manure nutrient in soil of the Yangtze River Delta from 1980 to 2018. High-risk areas for livestock manure pollution were determined by matching degree assessment between livestock manure nutrient supply and crop nutrient requirements. Clustering and principal component analysis were applied to select main control factors. The results found that the total discharge and manure N and P loads in animal manure nutrient showed an overall trend of increasing first and then decreasing in the Yangtze River Delta in the soil from 1980 to 2018. The center of manure N and P loads shifted from the central region to the northeastern and southwestern regions. There were four typical patterns for manure N emissions, the main control factors were meat production and primary industry. Meanwhile, the main control factors for the four typical patterns of manure P emissions were meat production and cultivated land area. This research provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of the livestock breeding industry and is of significance for promoting a balance between planting and breeding in the Yangtze River Delta.
Primary depositional variations interact with diagenetic modifications to exert strong control on pore networks in tight hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, the linkage between pore characteristics and ...depositional microfacies remains enigmatic, which restricts the prediction of high-quality reservoir distributions. The continental tight reservoirs of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin are targeted to clarify and estimate the sensitivity of pore characteristics to depositional microfacies. A multi-methodical approach utilizing petrographic assessments, logging evaluations, digital imaging analyses and high-pressure mercury intrusion experiments enables us to reveal the high microheterogeneity of pore types, pore-size distribution and pore fractal features. The results identified the microfacies including distributary channels (DCs), mouth bars (MBs), interdistributary bays (IBs), sheet sands (SSs), turbidite fans (TFs), shallow lacustrine mudstones (SLMs) and semi-deep lacustrine mudstones (SDLMs) from the Chang 8 to Chang 6 members. Dominated by residual intergranular pores and microfractures, the main storage spaces of the DC and MB microfacies are within mesopores, which provide 62%–92% and 81% of the total pore volume, respectively. However, the micropores that are mainly composed of clay intercrystalline pores and feldspar dissolved pores provide 55%–70%, 52%–62% and 53%–80% of the total pore volume for the IB, SLM and SDLM microfacies, respectively. In addition, the pore fractal dimension results indicate that the mesoporous structure of the argillaceous microfacies (IB, SLM and SDLM) is more heterogeneous than that of the arenaceous microfacies (DC, MB and TF). Therefore, the dominant reservoir spaces of the different depositional microfacies are distributed over diverse pore-radius ranges, and the varying degrees of mesoporous development are a crucial factor affecting the reservoir capacity. Moreover, the fractal dimensions have a significant negative correlation with pore volume in the meso-micropore range. Characterized by lower pore sorting coefficients, broader skewness and more abundant rigid siliceous grains, the arenaceous microfacies with lower fractal dimensions and higher pore volume have better reservoir capacity than argillaceous microfacies that are rich in ductile minerals. Microscopic observations show that the muddier reservoirs of interdistributary bays and lacustrine mudstones are more susceptible to pore-filling chlorite and illite, which can deteriorate the reservoir quality. These results indicate that the controlling effect of depositional microfacies on pore characteristics is fundamentally caused by differences in mineralogical composition and depositional texture, and these results could provide new insights into the mechanisms of microfacies controls on reservoir quality.
•Pore types, size distribution and fractal dimensions vary systematically with microfacies.•Mesopores is the crucial factor affecting reservoir capacity of different microfacies.•Microfacies with lower fractal dimensions and larger pore volume have better reservoir quality.•Muddier reservoirs of fine-grained microfacies is more susceptible to pore-filling clay.
Macroporous strong-acid resin shows a higher activity than gel strong-acid resin, whose reason is that the molecules of fructose can enter into the inner of macroporous strong-acid resin due to its ...large porous diameter. Display omitted
► 93.0% yield of HMF in the dehydration of fructose was obtained in mild condition. ► The structure of resin has a remarkable effect on the dehydration of fructose. ► ILs with highly branched carbon chain are harmful for the formation of HMF.
The efficient dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was developed in ionic liquids (ILs) with acidic ion-exchange resins as catalyst. By screening different resins and ILs respectively, it was found that the structure of resins and ILs had a prominent effect on the dehydration of fructose. In 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl), D001-cc resin showed a high activity. And then the effects of reaction temperatures, dosages of D001-cc, and different initial fructose loadings on the dehydration of fructose were studied in detail. The system of D001-cc resin and BmimCl exhibited a constant activity at 75°C for 20min and a 86.2% yield of HMF was obtained after seven recycles. At 75°C for 20min, a 93.0% yield of HMF from the dehydration of fructose was obtained.
This paper introduces a qualitative analysis on the efficiency evaluation of the knowledge supply chain by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with data envelopment analysis (DEA), drawing ...on existing literature to determine the index weight through the scoring of industry experts, and selecting appropriate input and output indicators to construct a knowledge supply chain efficiency evaluation system. The system was then applied to the supply chain of a number of high-tech enterprises. The results identified innovation efficiency differences of the knowledge supply chain in these enterprises, along with best practices and suggestions for the current knowledge supply chain efficiency.
Groundwater chemistry and its potential health risks are as important as water availability in arid and semiarid regions. This study was conducted to determine the contamination and associated health ...threats to various populations in a semiarid basin of north China. A total of 78 groundwater samples were collected from the shallow unconfined aquifers. The results showed that the phreatic water was slightly alkaline, hard fresh water with ions in the order of Ca2+ > Na++K+ > Mg2+ and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl−. Four hydrochemical elements, NO3−, F−, Mn and Zn, exceeded the permissible limits. NO3− and F− contaminants may pose health risks to local residents, while the risks of Mn and Zn are negligible. Dermal exposure is safe for all populations, while the oral pathway is not. Minors (i.e., infants and children) are susceptible to both NO3− and F− contaminants, and adults only to NO3−. The susceptibility of various populations is in the order of infants > children > adult males > adult females. Anthropogenic activities are responsible for the elevated levels of NO3−, Zn, Total dissolved solids (TDS), while F− and Mn are from geogenic sources. Thus, differential water supplies, strict control of waste, and rational irrigation practices are encouraged in the basin.
A novel fluorescent chemosensor containing a coumarin–thiourea unit and a β-N-glycosyl moiety is designed, synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. The chemosensor ...can selectively and efficiently detect Hg2+ in CH3CN with a detection limit of 2.6 μM.
The green development level reflected in the green finance index and the evaluation of the degree of green development in smart cities have important practical effects on economic transformation. For ...promoting the transformation and upgrading of finance, we select 2013–2019 data and construct a distributed lag model to analyse the important role played by green finance and financial technology in the construction of smart cities. In the paper, we find green finance promotes the construction of smart cities, and only it will not appear until nine months late. Financial technology has an opposite impact on the construction of smart cities, this is mainly because the research and marketization of financial technology are higher, and the cost is also higher. This influence will appear in the next 14 months.
The main goal of this article is to study the diffusion mechanism of aqueous solutions and the swelling of cellulosic fibers in the silicone non-aqueous dyeing system via fluorescent labeling. Due to ...non-polar media only adsorbing on the surface of fiber, cellulosic fiber could not swell as a result of the non-polar media. However, because water molecules can diffuse into the non-crystalline region of the fiber, cellulosic fiber could swell by water which was dispersed or emulsified in a non-aqueous dyeing system. To study the diffusion mechanism of an aqueous solution in the siloxane non-aqueous dyeing system, siloxane non-aqueous media was first diffused to the cellulosic fiber because of its lower surface tension. The resulting aqueous solution took more time to diffuse the surface of the cellulosic fiber, because water molecules must penetrate the siloxane non-aqueous media film. Compared with the fluorescent intensity of the fiber surface, the siloxane film could be re-transferred to the dye bath under the emulsification of the surfactant and the mechanical force. Therefore, a longer diffusion time of the aqueous solution ensured the dyeing feasibility for cellulosic fiber in the non-aqueous dyeing system.
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