Abstract
Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare, predominantly minor salivary gland tumor. Most of these tumors occur in the oral cavity, mainly the palate and tongue. Primary localization ...of the tumor in the region of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is extremely rare and, with only a few cases reported in the literature so far. We present an extremely rare case of a 61-year-old woman with hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC), occupying the left posterior nasal and nasopharyngeal cavity, as a primary tumor location. The patient total recovery was uneventful, and she is now free of disease at three years postoperative follow-up.
The purpose of this study was to investigate a hypothesized correlation of development of a sensorineural hearing loss and radiotherapy in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. This ...prospective study included a total of 50 patients, which after strict exclusion critera (audiologic problems before RT primary tumors of the auditory system, spread of the primary tumor to any part of the auditory system) resulted in 23 analyzed patients, ranging between 50 and 76 years of age, with a mean age of 60. Audiometry measuring frequency-specific thresholds was performed in three time points: one month before radiotherapy, one and six months after radiotherapy. A significant statistical difference in hearing tresholds after radiotherapy was found in 6 out of 23 patients. An obvious tendency towards hearing loss without statistical significance at 250 and 4000 Hz was found for a whole tested population (p < or = 0.3 with Bonferroni correction). Observed tendency towards hearing loss after radiotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma was related to side of the tumor and less severe when chemotherapy was not added as adjuvant therapy. These results should help to decrease a rate of hearing loss by careful planing of ear protection, by using observed frequencies as relevant markers of hearing loss and by reconsidering adjuvant chemoterapy during radiotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
The purpose of this study was to investigate a hypothesized correlation of development of a sensorineural hearing loss and radiotherapy in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. This ...prospective study included a total of 50 patients, which after strict exclusion critera (audiologic problems before RT primary tumors of the auditory system, spread of the primary tumor to any part of the auditory system) resulted in 23 analyzed patients, ranging between 50 and 76 years of age, with a mean age of 60. Audiometry measuring frequency-specific thresholds was performed in three time points: one month before radiotherapy, one and six months after radiotherapy. A significant statistical difference in hearing tresholds after radiotherapy was found in 6 out of 23 patients. An obvious tendency towards hearing loss without statistical significance at 250 and 4000 Hz was found for a whole tested population (p < or = 0.3 with Bonferroni correction). Observed tendency towards hearing loss after radiotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma was related to side of the tumor and less severe when chemotherapy was not added as adjuvant therapy. These results should help to decrease a rate of hearing loss by careful planing of ear protection, by using observed frequencies as relevant markers of hearing loss and by reconsidering adjuvant chemoterapy during radiotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
Myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease are two autoimmune diseases with a similar mechanism, both having circulating organ autoantibodies and cell specific autoantibodies. It is not unusual for these ...diseases to occur together. There is a large body of data proving that antithyroid drugs such as methimazole and propylthiouracil have an immunomodulatory effect in addition to their thyrosuppressant action. This case report describes a 34-year-old woman hospitalized for just diagnosed myasthenic crisis (Osserman IV). She had a prior history of hyperthyroidism and treatment with methimazole was initiated. However, improvement in thyroid disease led to the burst of myasthenia. The phenomenon described as worsening of one disease while improving the other, the so-called 'see-saw' relationship, occurred in this case. The question is whether antithyroid drugs improve hyperthyroidism while unveiling or worsening myasthenia. Is the 'see-saw' relationship actually a therapeutic side effect of antithyroid drug? The proposed mechanism of methimazole action is intracellular: it lowers the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). PCNA promotes selective apoptosis in some T lymphocyte clones. In this way, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells might 'skip' immune self-tolerance and autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptor may occur. Do antithyroid drugs actually create an immune 'thymic surrounding'?
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy, safety and complications of two anesthetic techniques including local and spinal anesthesia. A total of 436 patients received local (LA group = 250) ...or spinal (SA group = 186) anesthesia during a year period. SA group received 0.5% Bupivacaine 5 mg/mL. LA group received portal injection (5 mL lidocaine 2% with adrenaline) and intra-articular injection into the knee (10 mL lidocaine 2% with adrenaline). The following parameters were assessed: intraoperative pain (10 cm VAS: 0 = no pain, 10 = extreme pain), surgical operating conditions, patient satisfaction score (1 = very satisfied, 4 = very unsatisfied), postoperative analgesia, and time to discharge. In LA group, 97.6% (244/250) of patients experienced no pain throughout the procedure. Only six (2.4%) patients required conversion to general anesthesia. In SA group, two patients required conversion to general anesthesia. In both groups, 93.6% of patients were either satisfied or very satisfied with their anesthesia. The need ofpostoperative analgesics was higher in SA compared with LA group (p = 0.001). The mean postoperative stay was significantly shorter in LA than in SA group (p = 0.001). Ninety-four percent of LA and only 68% of SA patients were discharged from the hospital within 2 hours of the procedure. The rate of complications differed significantly between LA and SA groups (p = 0.037). Outpatient arthroscopy of the knee under local anesthesia is a simple, reliable, and safe alternative to spinal anesthesia, for patients in whom intraarticular disorders requiring diagnostic arthroscopy and arthroscopic surgery.
The purpose of this study was to investigate a hypothesized correlation of development of a sensorineural hearing loss and radiotherapy in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. This ...prospective study included a total of 50 patients, which after strict exclusion critera (audiologic problems before RT, primary tumors of the auditory system, spread of the primary tumor to any part of the auditory system) resulted in 23 analyzed patients, ranging between 50 and 76 years of age, with a mean age of 60. Audiometry measuring frequency-specific thresholds was performed in three time points: one month before radiotherapy, one and six months after radiotherapy. A significant statistical difference in hearing tresholds after radiotherapy was found in 6 out of 23 patients. An obvious tendency towards hearing loss without statistical significance at 250 and 4000 Hz was found for a whole tested population (p≤0.3 with Bonferroni correction). Observed tendency towards hearing loss after radiotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma was related to side of the tumor and less severe when chemotherapy was not added as adjuvant therapy. These results should help to decrease a rate of hearing loss by careful planing of ear protection, by using observed frequencies as relevant markers of hearing loss and by reconsidering adjuvant chemoterapy during radiotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
Miastenija gravis i Gravesova bolest su dvije autoimune bolestI sa sličnim mehanizmom nastanka, u objema se nalaze cirkulirajuća antitijela te stanično specifična autoantitijela. Pojava navedenih ...bolesti zajedno nije neuobičajena. Postoji mnogo podataka koji pokazuju da antitireoidni lijekovi kao što su metimazol i propiltiouracil uz tireosupresivno djelovanje imaju i imunomodulacijski učinak. Opisuje se slučaj 34-godišnje bolesnice koja je hospitalizirana zbog prvi puta dijagnosticirane miastenije sa slikom miastenične krize (Osserman IV.). U njenoj ranijoj povijesti bolesti navodila se hipertireoza, zbog čega je započeto liječenje metimazolom. Međutim, uz poboljšanje bolesti štitnjače došlo je do pojave miastenije. Fenomen “klackalice”, tj. see-saw relationship, je pojava opisana kao poboljšanje jedne bolesti za vrijeme pogoršanja druge. Pitanje je poboljšavaju li antitireoidni lijekovi hipertireozu, u isto vrijeme razotkrivajući ili pogoršavajući miasteniju?. Jeli fenomen “klackalice” zapravo nuspojava tireostatika? Pretpostavljeni učinak metimazola je unutarstanični: on snižava razinu nuklearnog antigena stanične proliferacije (PCNA). PCNA potiče selektivnu apoptozu u nekim klonovima T limfocita. Na taj bi način CD4+CD25+ regulatorni T limfociti mogli ‘zaobići’ imunu toleranciju prema vlastitom tkivu te dovesti do pojave autoantitijela protiv acetilkolinskog receptora. Stvaraju li zapravo doista antitireoidni lijekovi okruženje slično onome u timusu?
Background and Purpose: Substantial systemic absorption after adrenaline-containing local anaesthetic infiltration can cause transitional changes in heart rate and arterial blood pressure in humans ...even during general anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of injection speed of local infiltration of adrenaline- containing lidocaine solution on transitional
haemodynamic changes during local infiltration of nasal submucosa
under general anaesthesia.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective, comparative, non-randomised,
open study on 1–2 ASA physical status 83 patients, aged 18 to 81 years, scheduled for septoplasty, septorhinoplasty, classical or functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed. All patients received the submucosal infiltration of 2%lidocaine containing adrenaline solution (2ml) plus adrenaline (0.025 mg) plus plain 2% lidocaine solution (5ml) before surgical incision. Two different infiltration techniques were identified: fast infiltration
(Group F, n=40) and slower, incremental infiltation (Group S, n=43).
Heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded before, five minutes after and ten minutes after infiltration.
Results: There was no significant difference in HR, SAP,DAP nor MAP
between the F group and the S group. There was significant decrease of HR (p=0.006), SAP (p=0.018), DAP (p=0.029), and MAP (p=0.010) at 10 minutes point within the S group compared to baseline. There was significant decrease of HR (p=0.04) at the 10 minutes point within the F group compared to baseline.
Conclusions: This study did not confimed that the speed of injection of
lidocaine with adrenaline made any effect on haemodynamic changes during local infiltration of nasal submucosa.However it confirmed that lidocaine with adrenaline induced a decrease of blood pressure.
PDF
