Based on the specific circumstances of colleges and universities, this study presents the moral education management system and leverages multisource sensor data and other technologies to develop an ...information system in line with the moral education management of modern college students. Using multisource sensor data fusion and learning data definition, the fused education data is expressed in a standardized way, resulting in a common and standard data interchange format. This foundation is used to build a shareable and reusable data management system that enables data sharing and interchange across multiple heterogeneous data sources, aids the intelligent education system in obtaining more comprehensive and complete recorded data, and improves data sharing timeliness. As a result, learning behavior analysis results are more objective, immediate, and accurate, allowing the intelligent education system’s response to be more prompt and intelligent. This study, which is based on multisource sensor data fusion, also discusses platform selection, system architecture, database design, and methods and suggestions for overcoming critical challenges and can be used as a reference for other university information management systems with vast amounts of data.
By moving service provisioning from the cloud to the edge, edge computing becomes a promising solution in the era of IoT to meet the delay requirements of IoT applications, enhance the scalability ...and energy efficiency of lightweight IoT devices, provide contextual information processing, and mitigate the traffic burdens of the backbone network. However, as an emerging field of study, edge computing is still in its infancy and faces many challenges in its implementation and standardization. In this article, we study an implementation of edge computing, which exploits transparent computing to build scalable IoT platforms. Specifically, we first propose a transparent computing based IoT architecture, and clearly identify its advantages and associated challenges. Then, we present a case study to clearly show how to build scalable lightweight wearables with the proposed architecture. Some future directions are finally pointed out to foster continued research efforts.
The adoption of the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) has attracted wide attention because of the equivalent operating mechanism as a synchronous generator, providing a feasible scheme for the ...distributed generation connected to utility grid. However, the delivered power and frequency of the VSG may easily oscillate when the dramatic power fluctuation occurred in the distribution generation system. Fortunately, the oscillation can be damped though adjusting the rotating inertia and damping coefficient. Thus, to investigate the influences of parameters perturbation on the active power and frequency for a VSG, the small-signal model is derived and the dynamic performances are analyzed in detail. Then, based on the results of parameters analysis, an adaptive control strategy is proposed in this paper. And an optimal damping ratio can be maintained throughout the whole process of operation to suppress the oscillation of power and frequency. Therefore, the dynamic performances of the VSG are enhanced since the dynamic indexes such as the response time and overshoots are optimized. In the end, a prototype of single-phase VSG has been built and the proposed adaptive control strategy has been verified through experimental results.
Neurobiological heterogeneity in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is understudied leading to conflicting neuroimaging findings. Therefore, we investigated objective neuroanatomical subtypes of OCD ...by adopting a newly proposed method based on gray matter volumes (GMVs). GMVs were derived from T1‐weighted anatomical images of patients with OCD (n = 100) and matched healthy controls (HCs; n = 106). We first inquired whether patients with OCD presented higher interindividual variability HCs in terms of GMVs. Then, we identified distinct subtypes of OCD by adopting heterogeneity through discriminative analysis (HYDRA), where regional GMVs were treated as features. Patients with OCD presented higher interindividual variability than HCs, suggesting a high structural heterogeneity of OCD. HYDRA identified two distinct robust subtypes of OCD presenting opposite neuroanatomical aberrances compared with HCs, while sharing indistinguishable clinical and demographic features. Specifically, Subtype 1 exhibited widespread increased GMVs in cortical and subcortical regions, including the orbitofrontal gyrus, right anterior insula, bilateral hippocampus, and bilateral parahippocampus and cerebellum. Subtype 2 demonstrated overall decreased GMVs in regions such as the orbitofrontal gyrus, right anterior insula, and precuneus. When mixed together, none of patients presented significant differences compared with HCs. In addition, the total intracranial volume of Subtype 2 was significantly correlated with the total score of the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale while that of Subtype 1 was not. These results identified two distinct neuroanatomical subtypes, providing a possible explanation for conflicting neuroimaging findings, and proposed a potential objective taxonomy contributing to precise clinical diagnosis and treatment in OCD.
We observed high heterogeneity in terms of gray matter volume across patients with OCD and revealed two robust neuroanatomical subtypes of OCD. These two subtypes exhibited remarkably opposite gray matter volume aberrances compared to healthy controls. Our results provide a possible explanation for the conflicting neuroimaging findings and an objective taxonomy contributing to precision clinical diagnosis and treatment of OCD.
•Comprehensive information of classification and physiological activity of biogenic amines.•Updated information on sample pretreatment and analytical methods of biogenic amines.•Separation ...conditions, analytical conditions and validation information are compared.•Abundant figures and tables are offered.
Biogenic amines (BAs), mainly produced by amino acid decarboxylation, are widespread in foods and human organisms. Appropriate intake of BAs is beneficial to the human body, while excessive consumption may cause discomfort. Meanwhile, BAs are a kind of chemical marker for evaluating meat freshness. For these reasons, simple, rapid and efficient methods have been developed for the determination of BAs in food and biological products. This review introduces the provenance, classification and physiological activity of eight essential BAs and summarizes the dominant pretreatment and analysis methods since 2010. Pretreatment technologies mainly include the “dilute and shoot” method, ultrasonic assisted extraction, solid-phase extraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, etc. Determination methods include liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet or fluorescence detectors, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, biosensors and so on.
This article reviews the history and progress of hybrid rice development. Hybrid rice research was initiated back in 1964, and commercialized in 1976. Three-line and two-line system hybrid rice were ...developed in 1974 and 1995, respectively. Research on super hybrid rice, which was first launched by Ministry of Agriculture, China in 1996, is discussed, and the great progress of super hybrid rice had been achieved with a new yield record by 15.4 t ha^-1 in the 6.84 ha demonstration location in Xupu, Hunan Province, China in 2014. And the mechanism of heterosis, the techniques of hybrid seed production and the modern field managements in hybrid rice over the past decades are also discussed. Additionally, this article dealt with the intellectual property protection（IPR） and development of hybrid rice seed industry in China. Major factors that constrain hybrid rice development are analyzed and possible solutions to this problems are proposed. Finally, the authors present methods to further increase production yield, and propose an improvement for breeding super high-yielding hybrid rice based on these methods.
RNA silencing (or RNA interference, RNAi) is a conserved mechanism for regulating gene expression in eukaryotes. The discovery of natural trans‐kingdom RNAi indicated that small RNAs act as signaling ...molecules and enable communication between organisms in different kingdoms. The phenomenon and potential mechanisms of trans‐kingdom RNAi are among the most exciting research topics. To better understand trans‐kingdom RNAi, we review the history of the discovery and elucidation of RNAi mechanisms. Based on canonical RNAi mechanisms, we summarize the major points of divergence around RNAi pathways in the main eukaryotes’ kingdoms, including plants, animals, and fungi. We review the representative incidents associated with the mechanisms and applications of trans‐kingdom RNAi in crop protection, and discuss the critical factors that should be considered to develop successful trans‐kingdom RNAi‐based crop protection strategies.
This review examines the early discovery and elucidation of RNAi, summarizes the major points of divergence around RNAi pathways in different kingdoms and the representative incidents associated with transkingdom RNAi, and discusses the critical factors that should be considered to develop successful trans‐kingdom RNAi‐based crop protection strategies.
A novel, precise, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Q-trap-MS) method was developed, optimized, and validated for determination of vancomycin in human ...serum using norvancomycin as an internal standard. Effect of different parameters on the analysis was evaluated. ZORBAX SB-C
column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using water (containing 0.1% formic acid,
/
)⁻acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid,
/
) as a mobile phase was chosen. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration ranges of 1 to 2000 ng/mL for vancomycin. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for vancomycin were 0.3 and 1.0 ng/mL. Recoveries were between 87.2 and 102.3%, which gave satisfactory precision. A total of 100 serum samples (from 50 patients with diabetic foot proven Gram-positive infection and 50 nondiabetic patients with pneumonia requiring hospitalization and antibiotic therapy) were analyzed by this method. The trough vancomycin concentrations of diabetic foot infection (DFI) patients and nondiabetic patients were 8.20 ± 2.83 μg/mL (range: 4.80⁻14.2 μg/mL) and 15.80 ± 5.43 μg/mL (range: 8.60⁻19.5 μg/mL), respectively. The method is sensitive, precise, and reproducible, it could be applied for routine laboratory analysis of vancomycin in serum samples.
Cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation are the basis of many diseases. Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FOXO1) changes in response to cellular ...stimulation and maintains tissue homeostasis during the above-mentioned physiological and pathological processes. Substantial evidences indicate that FOXO1’s function depends on the modulation of downstream targets such as apoptosis- and autophagy-associated genes, anti-oxidative stress enzymes, cell cycle arrest genes, and metabolic and immune regulators. In addition, oxidative stress, high glucose and other stimulations induce the regulation of FOXO1 activity via PI3k-Akt, JNK, CBP, Sirtuins, ubiquitin E3 ligases, etc., which mediate multiple signalling pathways. Subsequent post-transcriptional modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, deacetylation, arginine methylation and O-GlcNAcylation, activate or inhibit FOXO1. The regulation of FOXO1 and its role might provide a significant avenue for the prevention and treatment of diseases. However, the subtle mechanisms of the post-transcriptional modifications and the effect of FOXO1 remain elusive and even conflicting in the development of many diseases. The determination of these questions potentially has implications for further research regarding FOXO1 signalling and the identification of targeted drugs.
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