Lysine succinylation (Ksuc) is a novel protein post-translational modification (PTM) wherein a succinyl group modifies a lysine residue. Ksuc leads to significant chemical and structural changes to ...the modified protein. Recent studies have shown that Ksuc might play an important role in organism physiology and some pathophysiological processes, such as tumorigenesis and metabolic diseases. To provide an understanding of the molecular mechanism and functions of Ksuc in different organisms, we reviewed the current literature about Ksuc, mainly summarizing the research advances in eukaryotes and prokaryotes based on both traditional study methods and site prediction tools. We also discussed inhibitors or activators associated with Ksuc that may contribute to proteomic studies and could be useful in future clinical practice. A deeper understanding of Ksuc may shed new light on life science at the protein level and could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
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•The Cambrian strata in the North Lhasa terrane have Gondwanan source regions.•The Cambrian and Carboniferous–Triassic strata share similar detrital zircon features.•The ...Cambrian–Triassic detrital zircon data are different from those of Jurassic–Cretaceous.•The North Lhasa terrane was attached with the Gondwana before it was drafted away in Jurassic.
It was commonly accepted that the North Lhasa terrane of the present-day central Tibetan Plateau in Asia came from the northern Gondwana, but the timing of its northward drifting away from the Gondwana remains controversial. Here we present for the first time U–Pb age and Hf isotope data on detrital zircons from the Cambrian metasedimentary rocks in the North Lhasa terrane. The detrital zircons display age peaks at ca. 505, 548, 926, and 1104 Ma, and are interpreted to have Gondwanan source regions. These metasedimentary rocks were probably deposited in a collisional tectonic setting (e.g., foreland basin) related to the Cambrian collisional accretion of microcontinents along the Gondwanan proto-Tethyan margin. The Cambrian and Carboniferous–Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in the North Lhasa terrane share the similar Precambrian–Cambrian detrital zircon age and εHf(t) distributions, indicating constant source accretion during the Cambrian–Triassic time. By contrast, the Precambrian–Cambrian detrital zircon age distribution of the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous sedimentary rocks in the North Lhasa terrane is distinctive from that of the adjacent Cambrian–Triassic sedimentary rocks, suggesting that the northward drifting of this terrane occurred in the Jurassic.
The studying of synaptic plasticity, the ability of synaptic connections between neurons to be weakened or strengthened and specifically long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), ...is one of the most active areas of research in neuroscience. The process of synaptic connections playing a crucial role in improving cognitive processes is important to the processing of information in brain. In general, the dysfunction of synaptic plasticity was involved in a wide spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including some neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, synaptic plasticity which is a dysfunction reported in neurodegenerative disorders may also be involved in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), an anxiety and/or memory disorder developed after experiencing natural disasters, domestic violence or combat-related trauma. In this review, we mainly focus on discussing the biological function and mechanism for diagnostics and therapy of synaptic plasticity in PTSD and associated comorbidities, such as schizophrenia, depression, sleep disturbances and alcohol dependence, and further studying the molecular mechanisms of PTSD with a particular focus on the LTP/LTD, glutamatergic ligand-receptor systems, voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). The summarized function and mechanism of synaptic plasticity in PTSD and its comorbidities may help us further understand PTSD and provide insight into novel neuroplasticity modifying for diagnostics and treatment for PTSD.
The oldest-old (aged ≥80 years) are the most rapidly growing population and age is related to hearing impairment (HI) and cognitive decline. We aimed to estimate the association between HI and fall, ...and the effect of different cognitive states on this association among the oldest-old Chinese population.
A total of 6931 Chinese oldest-old were included in the 2018 cross-cohort from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The presence of HI was identified by using a dichotomized metric of self-reported hearing status. Cognitive function was evaluated by using the modified Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cognitive impairment was defined as the MMSE score below 24 points. Data on fall history were collected by questionnaires survey from the participants or their relatives. We studied the association of hearing status and cognitive function with fall by using multivariable logistic regressions, upon adjustment of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyles, and health conditions.
Our participants were aged 92 (range 80 to 117) on average, with 60.1% being women. In total, 39.1% of the participants had reported HI, 50.1% had cognitive impairment, and 26.2% had a history of falling. Participants with HI had a higher incidence of cognitive impairment (79.4%), as compared with their counterparts without HI (31.3%). Compared with those without HI, HI patients had a higher risk of falling after full adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 1.16 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.01, 1.32, p = 0.031). In comparison with HI participants without cognitive impairment, HI patients with cognitive impairment had a higher fall risk (OR = 1.45 95% CI = 1.23, 1.72, p < 0.001).
Association of hearing status and cognition with fall was, for the first time, examined on the basis of a nationally-representative oldest-old Chinese population. Poor cognitive performance was common in individuals with HI, and those with HI and cognitive impairment further increased the risk of falling.
Synthesis of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites is the main strategy to solve the pollution of electromagnetic radiation. Herein, Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 (MZF) and carbon black (CB) were ...added into the emulsion made of Eucommia ulmoides rubber (EUR) and epoxy resin (EP) to prepare the MZF/CB/PEUR(EP@EUR) composites. The uniform distribution of CB created a conductive network that promoted abundant dipole polarization and conduction losses. In addition, the loading of the MZF imparted shielding mechanism of natural resonance and enhancement of conducting network for MZF/CB/PEUR composites that can optimize the complex dielectric constant, ulteriorly resulting in a high-level resonance peak (∼80.2 dB) in the 8.2–12.4 GHz frequency range. Based on the above series of filler loading experiments, the optimal loading concentration of CB (5%) and MZF (25%) was obtained. Finally, the excellent corrosion resistance of acid/alkali environments of MZF/CB/PEUR composites were further investigated. These results will provide a point of penetration for the development, application and mechanism research of EUR as a matrix for environment-friendly dielectric-magnetic EMI shielding composites.
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•The composites are prepared by co-solvent method and hot compression.•The maximum value of SET wonderfully reaches about 80.2 dB (MZF/CB/PEUR-25).•The average SET can remain stable under acidic/alkaline conditions (MZF/CB/PEUR-25).•The composites possess dielectric-magnetic multiple EMI shielding mechanism.
Currently, the vegetation has recovered well in most areas of the Loess Plateau in China, and soil erosion has significantly decreased. However, the heavy rainfall event in July 2018 triggered many ...instances of a unique type of loess landslides (i.e., slide-flows) on the gully-slopes with vegetation recovery in the Nanxiaohegou Basin on the Loess Plateau. This rainfall event was unusual and was a persistent heavy rainfall. The accumulated rainfall from 24 June to 10 July was 232.2 mm, which comprised 42% of the mean annual rainfall. A loess slide-flow is characterized by combining two movement types of the slide and flow. The loess slide-flows first slide on the gully-slopes and then turn into long run-out earthflows moving downstream, delivering vast amounts of sediment to the river. The average landslide erosion rates were 110.8–134.9 kg/m2. These loess slide-flows generally did not occur individually but in groups, which were characterized by large numbers, high density, small scale, and shallow depth. The changes of vegetation characteristics and soil characteristics both had a significant impact on the scale of the landslides. Grass with high coverage had an adverse effect on the occurrence of shallow landslides. The adverse hydrological effects of the plant may offset the weak root reinforcement. Loess slide-flows have become a new geological hazard and erosion process on the Loess Plateau. Loess slide-flows are a prominent ecological and environmental problem after vegetation restoration, and more attention should be paid to loess slide-flows in the future.
Stable label movement and smooth label trajectory are critical for effective information understanding. Sudden label changes cannot be avoided by whatever forced directed methods due to the ...unreliability of resultant force or global optimization methods due to the complex trade-off on the different aspects. To solve this problem, we proposed a hybrid optimization method by taking advantages of the merits of both approaches. We first detect the spatial-temporal intersection regions from whole trajectories of the features, and initialize the layout by optimization in decreasing order by the number of the involved features. The label movements between the spatial-temporal intersection regions are determined by force directed methods. To cope with some features with high speed relative to neighbors, we introduced a force from future, called temporal force, so that the labels of related features can elude ahead of time and retain smooth movements. We also proposed a strategy by optimizing the label layout to predict the trajectories of features so that such global optimization method can be applied to streaming data.
•The volcanics of the Xinghuadukou Complex in the Erguna Massif formed in ∼850Ma.•The disintegration of the Xinghuadukou “Group” is proposed in this study.•The Erguna Massif was part of the Mongol ...domain during the Neoproterozoic.
The nature and the timing of formation of the Xinghuadukou Complex of NE China are important to further our understanding of the Precambrian geological evolution of the Erguna Massif and the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Here, we present the results of zircon U–Pb dating of a metavolcanic rock and 11 granitoid basement samples collected from the complex. We use these data to determine the age and tectonic origin of the complex and to examine the linkages between this complex and the surrounding tectonic domains and older cratonic areas. Igneous zircons from the metavolcanic rock yield a magmatic age of ∼850Ma, indicating that the supracrustal rocks that represent the original Xinghuadukou Group formed during the Neoproterozoic. Petrological data and new zircon U–Pb ages for these samples enabled the identification of multiple stages of granitoid magmatism within different sections of the Xinghuadukou “Group”, indicating that this group, which was originally thought to have formed contemporaneously actually records the emplacement of granitoids at 957–786, 479–418, 265, and 209–192Ma. This result indicates that the Xinghuadukou Complex records multiple stages of magmatism and contains various Neoproterozoic supracrustal components. Combining the new age data with regional geological data, we propose that the Erguna Massif should be considered part of the Mongol domain as it has a close affinity to other blocks that formed part of this domain during the Neoproterozoic. These data suggest that all of the complexes and terranes within the Mongol domain belong to the CAOB and were finally accreted to the southern margin of the Siberian Craton in the early Paleozoic.
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