This article addresses contradictions in the 'pluriverse' of radical alternatives to maldevelopment, and proposes an integrative framework for fostering productive convergences among its forces. It ...argues that the 2020s and 2030s will be pivotal decades, in which the current global conjuncture, characterized by intensifying economic turmoil, climate change, and ecological crises, will translate into increased mass discontent, global polarization, political instabilities, and social unrest across the world. However, there is no reason to believe that this intensification of crises will automatically result in the end of unproductive divisions among the global left. Thus, we argue that a higher level of proactivism, at a meta-ideological standing, which we refer to here as the ‘Commonist Project’, is both necessary and possible. The article proposes a fourfold framework of how to promote sustainable convergences and solidarities, going beyond temporary pragmatic coalitions and alliances. This proposal draws on the idea of ‘commoning transformative knowledge’, realized through creating new transversal integrative assemblages of alternative-futures-making initiatives. In the end, the argument is empirically supported by drawing on the authors’ critical reflections on their own cross-organizational experiences of fostering dialogic and praxis-based methodologies across various groups and forces pursuing post-capitalist alternatives through the People’s Sovereignty Network.
Capital Redefined HOSSEINI, S A Hamed; Gills, Barry K
2024, Letnik:
1
eBook
Odprti dostop
Capital Redefined presents a unique perspective on the nature of “capital,” departing from the prevailing reductionist accounts. Hosseini and Gills offer an expanded perspective on Marxian value ...theory by addressing its main limitations and building their own integrative value theory. They argue that the current understanding of “value” must be re-examined and liberated from its subservient ties to capital while acknowledging the ways in which capital appropriates value. This is achieved by differentiating between “fetish value” created by capital and “true value” generated through various commons-based forms of coexistence. The authors propose a defetishization of value by rejecting the commonly accepted idea of its objectivity. They introduce their “commonist value theory,” which redefines capital as both the product and process of perverting the fundamental commoning causes of true value into sources of fetish value. Capital is theorized through a “modular” framework, where multiple intersecting processes constitute a comprehensive power structure, a “value regime,” representing an unprecedented degree of the domination of capital over life. Their theory reconciles two apparently incompatible views on the notion of value. One view encompasses all inputs involved in capitalist value production and conflates intrinsic and commodity values. The other warns against this conflation as it treats capital as an entity tightly associated only with commodity production and wage labor. The authors believe that establishing alternative forms of value creation based on normative principles of living in commons is crucial as an analytical base for criticizing existing power structures and economic systems. The book offers a theoretical foundation for transforming our life worlds toward “post-capitalist” futures. It appeals to scholars and students in various fields, such as political economy, capitalism, and post-capitalist studies, economic and political sociology, globalization, development studies, social ecology, and ecological philosophy.
The Routledge Handbook of Transformative Global Studies provides
diverse and cutting-edge perspectives on this fast-changing field. For 30 years the
world has been caught in a long ‘global ...interregnum,’ plunging from
one crisis to the next and witnessing the emergence of new, vibrant, multiple, and
sometimes contradictory forms of popular resistance and politics.
This global ‘interregnum’ – or a period of uncertainty where the
old hegemony is fading and the new ones have not yet been fully realized –
necessitates critical self-reflection, brave intellectual speculation and
(un)learning of perceived wisdoms, and greater transdisciplinary collaboration
across theories, localities, and subjects. This Handbook takes up this challenge by
developing fresh perspectives on globalization, development, neoliberalism,
capitalism, and their progressive alternatives, addressing issues of democracy,
power, inequality, insecurity, precarity, wellbeing, education, displacement, social
movements, violence and war, and climate change. Throughout, it emphasizes the
dynamics for system change, including bringing post-capitalist, feminist,
(de)colonial, and other critical perspectives to support transformative global
praxis.
This volume brings together a mixture of fresh and established scholars from across
disciplines and from a range of both Northern and Southern contexts. Researchers and
students from around the world and across the fields of politics, sociology,
international development, international relations, geography, social anthropology,
economics, area studies, and philosophy will find this an invaluable and fresh guide
to global studies in the 21st century.
This article introduces ‘critical open-mindedness’ as a new sociological construct, which can be employed particularly in the studies of social attitudes and attitude change, social values, social ...identities, cross-cultural relations and social discrimination. By drawing on the data collected through the 2005 World Values Survey in Australia, we have operationalized the construct into an integrative social index, called ‘critical openmindedness index’ consisting of five dimensional composite indicators (CIs; i.e. the social, political, cultural, economic, and environmental). We have adopted an integrative approach to constructing these composite indicators in which we pragmatically select and incorporate a variety of techniques with the purpose of maximizing the validity of the end results. The findings with respect to Australians’critical open-mindedness, both in general and in reference to its five dimensions are discussed. We have also developed and examined a social psychological index of ‘socio-cognitive open-mindedness’ inspired by a number of commonly used international scales and by drawing on the same dataset. We have shown that these two types of open-mindedness are qualitatively different. Our analysis does not support the idea that individuals’ social psychological open-mindedness determines their critical open-mindedness. It is rather the opposite which is the case.
For over five millennia, since the origins of cities, the state, and class society, human social order has continued to evolve through a number of recognisable patterns of social change, including ...the historical formation of an ever-larger system of mutual interactions, or "World System" (Frank and Gills 1993). The modern phase in the history of the world civilization system is characterized by its foundational dependence on 5Cs: (1) Capital replacing labour as the ultimate source of value; (2) Carbon-fossil fuels or more generally speaking, extractivism; (3) Compulsive economic growth through relentless commodification of socio-ecological relations and a multi-century mass appropriation of the commons, sustained through the constant promotion of consumerist cultures across the world; (4) Coloniality, i.e. the ongoing stratifying power relations and epistemes necessary for maintaining the integrity of intersectional hierarchies; and finally (5) Corruptive politics, energized by the rise of monopoly-finance capital, corporate-state interest-driven advances in surveillance, datafication, bio-, and neuro-technology, and robotic warfare (Hosseini 2020). The system is inherently crisis-prone since the 5Cs require an endless expansion of the planet's capacity. Since we have already passed the earth's biocapacity, and with no present technological solutions on the horizon that can retain this capacity, the same characteristics behind the ascendency of modern civilization are now contributors to its demise. Transversalism aims at consolidating political coalitions and achieving ideational accommodation between social groups on both a class and a non-class basis. ...it does not imply uniformity or a general theory of social emancipation and the collapse of all differences, autonomies, and local identities.
Evidence is mounting of severe planetary and civilizational crises, interrelated and mutually constitutive of one another at unprecedented scales caused by the 'globalization' of a hegemonic mode of ...civilizational '(mal-)development.' Critical scholarship in both Development and Global(ization) Studies faces numerous challenges. In this article, we argue that critical scholarship needs to be radically transformed to become radically transformative. This means that we need to critically revisit what identifies both fields as "critical", at the meta-theoretical level, as a joint transformative project, fundamentally independent of capital's discursive lexicons and historical logics. An ontological recognition of the truth and a new dialectic of the truth and the real help enact an action-oriented agenda to explore the potentials for liberation. It is now time to bravely explore the realm of impossibility by re/imagineering alternative lifeways beyond capital, beyond fossil fuel, and beyond commodity-oriented cumulative growth and their associated narrow rationalities.
This article critically reflects on theoretical dilemmas of conceptualizing recent ideological shifts and contention among global transformative movements. Some studies conceptualize these movements ...as ideologically mature and coherent, while other inquiries highlight disorganization, fragmentation, disillusion, and dispute. The former line of argument suggests that underlying emerging global solidarities-to the extent they genuinely exist-there are some identifiably coherent cosmopolitanist, or globalist, values. The latter claim that existing global justice and transformative movements lack an effective ideological position for uniting the masses behind a global (political) project for transforming global capitalist social relations. By drawing upon an interpretive review of empirical studies conducted throughout the last decade, the article delineates four modalities, defined in terms of their orientations toward cosmopolitanist values. Among these modalities is a new and promising one, termed here as 'transversal cosmopolitanist' ('transversal' here understood as a process verb, indicating a new form of cosmopolitanist praxis). This approach assumes the possibility of creating a common ground for fruitful dialogue, constructive collective learning, progressive hybridization, and active political cooperation among diverse identities and ideological visions of contemporary global transformative movements, against existing capitalist social relations and structures of domination.
This article introduces the concept of ‘well-living’ as a transformative framework for reimagining quality of life in the face of current global socio-ecological challenges. Through a reflexive ...theoretical meta-analysis, it critically examines mainstream and reformist well-being discourses while drawing inspiration from transformative perspectives found in recent post-capitalist and indigenous movements. ‘Well-living’ is portrayed as both a civilizational endeavor and a multifaceted imperative, encompassing dimensions of creativity, liveability, conviviality, and alterity across various scales from individual to international contexts. Central to the ‘well-living’ paradigm are nine key qualities, including harmonious coexistence, aspirational foresight and purposefulness, solidarity, autonomy, authenticity, and integrity, thereby promoting an integrated approach to living in balance with oneself, others, and the natural world. Embracing ‘well-living’ as a goal and process can empower individuals and communities to challenge prevailing global capitalist paradigms, re-establish connections with the interconnected web of life, and strive for a more just, regenerative, and diverse world, accommodating multiple perspectives. Lastly, employing a 'commonist' perspective, the article outlines essential institutional and legislative-policy changes required to actualize the vision of 'well-living.'
This paper outlines the general principles of a comparatively inclusive analytical framework for the investigation of political identity formation among young Muslims in Western societies. "Political ...identity", in general, as a multidimensional social phenomenon with multiple social modalities, has been undertheorized in the mainstream literature. Based on a critical review of the current primary literature, the paper proposes a more broadly applicable definition of "political identity" in terms of its five interrelated components. It argues that the current and growing literature around the topic lacks a necessary comprehensive view. The poverty of current literature on "political identity" appears more conspicuous when it comes to study the youth among ethno-religious minorities in diaspora. The paper then discusses the basics of a new "integrative", "interdisciplinary" approach to studying the "dynamics and multiplicity of identity construction" among Young Muslims in the West. A sociological account of these multiple dynamics is required to theorize their interdependence as part of its inclusive research agenda.
A new cycle of ideological clashes underpins the economic policy reforms in the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis and its continuing uncertainties. This article argues that the evolving ...complexity of the global economic system, especially after the crisis, has been associated with not only the growth of ideological fragmentations but also with the transversalization of ideas, identities, and solidarities among grassroots movements. Rooted in the transnational movements for justice of the 1990s-2000s, a more practically inclusive mode of 'cosmopolitanism', i.e. transversalism, has now evolved, significantly, into a growing number of consolidated demands and multi-issue agendas, in response to the post-crisis social injustices. By focusing on the 2011-2012 Occupy movements as its exemplary case study, the article delineates the features of such an ideological advancement and its implications for social theory.
Un nuevo ciclo de enfrentamientos ideológicos respalda las reformas de políticas económicas después de la crisis financiera global de 2008 y sus continuas incertidumbres. Este artículo sostiene que la complejidad evolutiva de la economía global, especialmente después de la crisis, ha estado asociada no solo con el aumento de las fragmentaciones ideológicas, pero también con la transversalización de ideas, identidades y solidaridades entre los movimientos de base popular. Un modo práctico y más inclusivo del 'cosmopolitanismo', es decir transversalismo, arraigado en los movimientos transnacionales para la justicia de los años 1990-2000, ha evolucionado considerablemente a un número creciente de demandas consolidadas y agendas de muchos asuntos, como respuesta a la pos crisis de las injusticias sociales. Con un enfoque en los movimientos Occupy de los años 2011-2012, el artículo delinea, como su estudio de caso ejemplar, las características de semejante avance ideológico y sus implicaciones para la teoría social.
2008年全球金融危机以及其程序的不确定性之后，一个新的意识形态冲突的周期强化了经济政策的改革。本文认为正在演化的全球经济体系的复杂性，尤其是危机之后，已经不仅与意识形态的破碎化的增长而且与草根运动的各种观念、认同、团结的跨国包容化（transversalization） 有关。植根于20世纪90年代到21世纪第1个10年期间的跨国正义运动，一种更加实用的"世界主义"（cosmopolitanism）模式，即，在回应后危机的社会不公，跨国包容主义（transversalism）已经大大地演化为巩固的日益增长的需求和多种议题的日程。聚焦和以2011-2012年的占领运动为案例，本文定义这样的一种意识形态进步的特征以及其对社会理论的含义。
이념 충돌의 새로운 주기가 2008년 금융위기 후유증과 지속적인 불활실성 속에서 경제 정책 개혁들을 떠받치고 있다. 이 글은 특히 위기 이후 진화하는 지구적 경제체제의 복잡성이 이념적인 분화뿐만 아니라 풀뿌리 운동들에서의 이념, 정체성과 연대의 횡단과 연관되어 있음을 주장한다. 1990년대와 2000년대 정의를 위한 초국적 운동들에 뿌리를 두고 좀더 실질적이고 포섭적인 '코스모폴리타니즘' 양식 즉 '횡단주의'가 이제 금융 위기 이후 사회적 부정의에 대한 반응으로 더 많은 단합된 요구와 여러 가지 의제들로 진화하고 있다. 이 글은 대표적인 사례 연구로 2011-2012년 오큐파이 운동에 초점을 맞추어 이러한 이념적인 진전과 그것이 사회이론에 미치는 함의를 논의한다.
Новый цикл идеологических столкновений лежит в основе реформ экономической политики в период после глобального финансового кризиса 2008 года и его продолжающейся неопределенности. В статье утверждается, что разворачивающаяся сложность глобальной экономической системы, особенно после кризиса, была связана не только с ростом идеологической фрагментации, но и с "трансверсализмом" идей идентичности и солидарности среди массовых уличных движений. Уходя своими корнями в транснациональные движения за справедливость 1990-х-2000-х годов, на практике использовавших режим «космополитизма», трансверсализм, в настоящее время, в ответ на посткризисную социальную несправедливость превратился, что важно, в растущее число консолидированных требований и множественные повестки дня. Сосредотачиваясь на 2011-2012 г.г. и движениях Occupy как образцовых случаях для исследования, статья очерчивает особенности такого идеологического продвижения и его последствий для социальной теории.
PDF
