Viruses are constantly evolving to promote propagation in the host. Here, we show that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) utilizes host RAD51 for replication. Silencing of ...RAD51 impaired SARS-CoV-2 propagation. Viral RNA colocalized with RAD51 in the cytoplasm of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, suggesting that both viral RNA and RAD51 may form a replication complex. We, therefore, evaluated RAD51 inhibitors as possible therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2. Indeed, RAD51 inhibitors exerted antiviral activities against not only Wuhan but also variants of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular docking model shows that RAD51 inhibitors impede SARS-CoV-2 propagation by interfering with dimerization of RAD51. These data suggest that RAD51 may represent a novel host-based drug target for coronavirus disease 2019 treatment.
Abstract
Because of its healthful nutritional properties, pomelo is gaining traction in the food and beverage industry. Pomelo juice concentration as a beverage provides vitamins, antioxidants, and ...energy. The Design Expert 11 calculation software is used to optimize the concentration process parameters, the temperature range is determined to include ± a values converted as axial. The results showed a positive correlation between the two factor variables and the obtained target function (TPC), the optimal value for the selected procedure was based on 79 °C with a time of more than 1.78 hours. At this point, TPC retention is 71.121%.
Abstract
Citrus peel essential oil has considerable potential to be used as a direct agent against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The three citrus peel species used in this ...study included
Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus latifolia, and Citrus hystrix.
Essential oils were extracted on a pilot model and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Gram-positive bacteria
(Bacillus subilits, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus)
and gram-negative
(Escherichia coli, Samonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
were used to counteract the antibacterial effects of the samples. The yield of hydrodistillation distilled essential oil is
C aurantifolia
(1.15%),
C latifolia
(1.32%), and
C hystrix
(3.18%). The essential oil contains the main ingredient D-Limonene. The highest antibacterial activity against
L. monocytogenes
is
Citrus latifolia
essential oil. The main chemical composition of essential oils are β-pinene, D-limonene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, α-terpineol, … and the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil is affected by the variation of D-limonene. and β-pinene in essential oils.
In this study, essential oils were extracted from peels of orange (Citrus sinensis) by
employing hydrodistillation. The materials were collected in Ben Tre Province, Vietnam
and the process was ...optimized by varying some experimental parameters including
temperature, water-to-material ratio, extraction time and material size. The obtained
essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to determine
chemical composition. The maximal essential oil yield was determined as approximately
4%, obtained at the following conditions: ratio of water and lemon peels of 3:1 (mL/g), 60
mins and130°C. GC-MS results revealed that Limonene (98.454%), β-Myrcene (0.997%),
and α-Pinene (0.549%) are the major constituents in the essential oil.
The article assesses the impact of capital structure on the performance of energy enterprises listed on the Vietnamese stock market, with data of 35 energy enterprises from 2012 to 2020 through using ...the XGB (Extreme Gradient Boosting) algorithm in python-based machine learning along with techniques to extract general insights from a machine learning models such as Xgboost feature importance and Shap (Shapley additive explanation). Research results show that enterprises with large capital size (SIZE) operate less efficiently, while enterprises with large net fixed assets over total assets (GROW) operate more efficiently. It is important for energy enterprises to reduce long-term debt (LDR), increase short-term debt (LDR) and reduce total debt to total assets (TDR) to maintain optimal capital structure while ensuring liquidity (LIQ) to improve business performance.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease and is highly dependent on cellular proteins for viral propagation. Using protein microarray analysis, we identified 90 cellular ...proteins as HCV nonstructural 5A (NS5A) interacting partners, and selected telomere length regulation protein (TEN1) for further study. TEN1 forms a heterotrimeric complex with CTC and STN1, which is essential for telomere protection and maintenance. Telomere length decreases in patients with active HCV, chronic liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanism of telomere length shortening in HCV-associated disease is largely unknown. In the present study, protein interactions between NS5A and TEN1 were confirmed by immunoprecipitation assays. Silencing of TEN1 reduced both viral RNA and protein expression levels of HCV, while ectopic expression of the siRNA-resistant TEN1 recovered the viral protein level, suggesting that TEN1 was specifically required for HCV propagation. Importantly, we found that TEN1 is re-localized from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in HCV-infected cells. These data suggest that HCV exploits TEN1 to promote viral propagation and that telomere protection is compromised in HCV-infected cells. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insight into the telomere shortening in HCV-infected cells.
The rate of unfavorable outcomes, such as recurrence and death, in women with invasive breast cancer varies widely across countries and populations. Identifying those with high-risk profiles is ...critical so that early detection, prediction, and intervention can be made to improve their survival rate. Therefore, our study evaluated the rate of unfavorable outcomes and its association with clinicopathological characteristics in Vietnamese women with primary invasive breast cancer.
A retrospective open cohort study was conducted on Vietnamese women with invasive breast cancer who underwent a mastectomy and were regularly followed up by the hospitals. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the rate of unfavorable outcomes to take into account the follow-up time of each patient. Univariate and multiple Cox regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between unfavorable outcomes and clinicopathological characteristics.
Among 204 women included in the data analysis, the mean age was 54.4 ± 10.9 years. The majority of patients were diagnosed with early-stage (76.5%) or locally advanced (22.5%) breast cancer. The 5-year rate of unfavorable outcomes was 12.8%, and the 8-year rate was 31.7%. Patients with advanced stages had a higher risk of unfavorable outcomes compared to those with early stages (IA, IIA, T2N1). Patients with lymph node metastases and those with triple-negative molecular classification had significantly higher rates of unfavorable outcomes.
Although Vietnamese women with breast cancer have a relatively low rate of unfavorable outcomes compared to other countries, findings from this study emphasize the importance of early detection and underscore the need for targeted interventions for patients with advanced stages, lymph node metastases, and triple-negative breast cancer to optimize their treatment, outcomes, and overall prognosis.
To gain insight into family medicine residents' attitudes toward relocating to the United States and to examine factors influencing their decisions.
Cross-sectional mailed survey.
University of ...Toronto family medicine program.
First- and second-year residents in the academic year 1995 to 1996. A 74.6% response rate (144 of 193 residents) was achieved.
Intention to relocate to the United States. Degree of importance of 11 motivational factors in residents' decisions to relocate.
In this survey, 48% of residents reported they intended to relocate to the United States, but only 17% recalled expecting to relocate before Ontario's introduction of geographic billing restriction legislation. Geographic billing restriction was the motivational factor most residents (86.8%) considered very important in their decision-making process. The two factors potentially predicting US relocation were finance and climate.
Many factors influence family medicine residents' intention to relocate to the United States. Geographic billing restriction was the most significant motivational factor, and its introduction has likely precipitated a marked shift in residents' attitudes favouring US relocation.
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